Physical and sexual abuse history and addiction treatment outcomes
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Prior research on patients with substance use disorders has shown that lifetime physical or sexual abuse is associated with more impaired functioning at treatment intake. The present study sought to determine whether physical or sexual abuse also predicted treatment response (posttreatment outcomes) of individuals with substance use disorders. METHOD: Male (n = 19,989) and female (n = 622) veterans with substance use disorders were assessed with the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) early in treatment and reassessed an average of 12 months later. Treatment outcomes were compared for patients who did and did not report prior physical or sexual abuse in the initial ASI interview. RESULTS: Lifetime physical or sexual abuse predicted worse outcomes in six of seven domains of functioning, after controlling for baseline functioning, psychiatric diagnoses and demographic variables. Although women were more likely than men to report being abused, the effect of abuse on treatment outcomes was similar for both genders. Psychiatric problems at baseline mediated the effect of abuse history on outcomes. Abuse history moderated the effect of treatment intensity (contacts per month) on outcomes: More frequent treatment contacts were more beneficial for abused patients than for nonabused patients. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with substance use disorders who have a history of physical or sexual abuse may have higher risk for problematic treatment outcomes as a result of greater psychiatric problems, deficits in social support and possible difficulties in establishing treatment alliance. Clinicians may consider increasing the duration and intensity of treatment to temper the negative effects of abuse on later functioning.
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Other studies have not found gender differences in how victimization types affect mental health outcomes.
“However, other work has failed to find that the effects of various victimization types on mental health outcomes differ by gender (e.g., Rosen et al., 2002).”
From Influences of victimization and comorbid conditions on latency to illicit drug use among adolescents and young adults (2020) · cites this paper as Rosen et al., 2002
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- Authors
- Rosen, C. S., Ouimette, P. C., Sheikh, J. I., Gregg, J. A., & Moos, R. H.
- Affiliations
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Studies on Alcohol
- Publisher
- Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc.
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 683-687
- ISSN
- 0096-882X (ISSN-L)
- 1934-2683
- OpenAlex
- W2143078449
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Studies on Alcohol (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Keywords
- child physical abuse, child sexual abuse, substance use disorders, addiction treatment outcomes, veterans, Addiction Severity Index, psychiatric comorbidity, treatment intensity, gender differences, social support, treatment alliance
- MeSH terms
- Female, Hospitals, Veterans, Humans, Male, Regression Analysis, Sex Offenses, Veterans, Treatment Outcome, Domestic Violence, Substance-Related Disorders
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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