Heifer nutrient intake during early- and mid-gestation programs adult offspring adiposity and mRNA expression of growth-related genes in adipose depots
Open accessAbstract
Changes in maternal nutrient intake during gestation alter IGF receptor abundance and leptin (LEP) mRNA expression in fetal adipose tissue. It is not known whether such changes persist into adult life and whether they are associated with an effect on phenotype. We investigated the effect of high (240%) and low (70%) levels of recommended daily crude protein intake for beef heifers during the first and second trimesters of gestation on singleton progeny (n=68): subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue depth at rump (P8) and rib (RF) sites from 65 until 657 days of age; plasma leptin concentrations from birth until 657 days and expression of IGF1 and IGF2, their receptors (IGF1R and IGF2R) and LEP mRNA in perirenal (PR), omental (OM) and SC adipose tissue at 680 days of age. High-protein diets during the first trimester increased LEP and IGF1 mRNA in PR of males and females, respectively, compared with low-protein diets, and decreased IGF1R mRNA in SC of all progeny but increased RF depth of males between 552 and 657 days. High-protein diets compared with low-protein diets during the second trimester increased IGF1R mRNA in PR and OM of all progeny; LEP mRNA in PR of males; and IGF2 and IGF2R mRNA in OM of all progeny. Conversely, LEP mRNA in OM and IGF2 mRNA in PR of all progeny were decreased following exposure to high- compared with low-protein diets during the second trimester. Heifer diet during gestation has permanent sex- and depot-specific effects on the expression of adipogenic and adipocytokine genes and offspring adiposity.
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There is some evidence to suggest that adipose tissue biology and obesity in female and male offspring may be differentially programmed by exposure to a maternal low protein diet during development.
“There is some evidence to suggest that adipose tissue biology and obesity in female and male offspring may be differentially programmed by exposure to a maternal low protein diet during development [73, 81, 84] however, further work is required.”
From Developmental programming of offspring adipose tissue biology and obesity risk (2021) · cites this paper as [81]
There are changes in leptin, adiponectin, and other important hormones like IGFs in the adipose of offspring from low protein diet-fed mothers, which may contribute to their enhanced adiposity postnatally.
“Importantly there are changes in leptin, adiponectin, and other important hormones like IGFs in the adipose of offspring [81, 83], which may contribute to their enhanced adiposity postnatally.”
From Developmental programming of offspring adipose tissue biology and obesity risk (2021) · cites this paper as [81]
Work in cows suggests that the timing of maternal protein intake imbalance is an important determinant of offspring adiposity.
“Work in cows also suggest that the timing of maternal protein intake imbalance is an important determinant of offspring adiposity [81].”
From Developmental programming of offspring adipose tissue biology and obesity risk (2021) · cites this paper as [81]
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- Authors
- Micke, G. C., Sullivan, T. M., McMillen, I. C., Gentili, S., & Perry, V. E. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland Brisbane, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia 1Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
- ORCID
- Gentili, Sheridan
- Venue
- Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-05-01
- Volume
- 141
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 697-706
- ISSN
- 1470-1626 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-7899
- OpenAlex
- W2102599415
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Reproduction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Meat and Livestock Australia
- Australian Research Council (LP0669781)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Keywords
- maternal nutrient intake, beef heifers, gestation, offspring adiposity, leptin, insulin-like growth factor I, insulin-like growth factor II, IGF-1 receptor, IGF-II receptor, adipose tissue gene expression, subcutaneous adipose tissue, omental adipose tissue, perirenal fat, fetal programming, sex-specific effects, adipogenic genes, adipokines
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aging, Animals, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Cattle, Dietary Proteins, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Gestational Age, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Insulin-Like Growth Factor II, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, RNA, Messenger, Sex Factors, Receptor, IGF Type 1, Receptor, IGF Type 2, Diet, Protein-Restricted, Leptin, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Subcutaneous Fat, Adiposity
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