Cited by 182Phytoestrogen effects and researchEffects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsEstrogen and related hormone effects

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Reproductive consequences of developmental phytoestrogen exposure

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Jefferson, Wendy N, Patisaul, Heather B, Williams, Carmen J·2012·Reproduction

DOI 10.1530/rep-11-0369PMC PMC3443604

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Abstract

Phytoestrogens, estrogenic compounds derived from plants, are ubiquitous in human and animal diets. These chemicals are generally much less potent than estradiol but act via similar mechanisms. The most common source of phytoestrogen exposure to humans is soybean-derived foods that are rich in the isoflavones genistein and daidzein. These isoflavones are also found at relatively high levels in soy-based infant formulas. Phytoestrogens have been promoted as healthy alternatives to synthetic estrogens and are found in many dietary supplements. The aim of this review is to examine the evidence that phytoestrogen exposure, particularly in the developmentally sensitive periods of life, has consequences for future reproductive health.

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MATTOS, A. P., FERREIRA, J. H., Ventura, R. R., & Ruginsk, S. G. (2026) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2026.109356
Clinical Applications of Flavonoids in Pregnancy: Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Gestational Disorders—An Update
Kozłowska, A. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18213482

Authors: Jefferson, W. N., Patisaul, H. B., & Williams, C. J.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: Williams, Carmen J
ORCID: Jefferson, Wendy N
Patisaul, Heather B
Williams, Carmen J
Venue: Reproduction
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2012-03-01
Volume: 143
Issue: 3
Pages: 247-260
ISSN: 1470-1626 (ISSN-L)
1741-7899
DOI: 10.1530/rep-11-0369
PMC: PMC3443604
OpenAlex: W2119382214
Cited by: 181
References: 134
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 2.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Locations: Reproduction (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (1z01es102405-01)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01ES016001, Z01-ES102405, ZIAES102405)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Phytoestrogen effects and research
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Keywords: phytoestrogens, isoflavones, genistein, daidzein, soybean, soy-based infant formula, early life exposure, reproductive health, endocrine disruptors, dietary supplements, estrogenic compounds
MeSH terms: Animals, Child Development, Diet, Humans, Infant, Infant Food, Infant, Newborn, Reproduction, Infant Formula, Phytoestrogens

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Reproductive consequences of developmental phytoestrogen exposure

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