The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dietary Salt Intake, Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption, and Obesity Risk
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association among dietary salt, fluid, and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and weight status in a nationally representative sample of Australian children aged 2 to 16 years. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from the 2007 Australian National Children’s Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. Consumption of dietary salt, fluid, and SSB was determined via two 24-hour dietary recalls. BMI was calculated from recorded height and weight. Regression analysis was used to assess the association between salt, fluid, SSB consumption, and weight status. RESULTS: Of the 4283 participants, 62% reported consuming SSBs. Older children and those of lower socioeconomic status (SES) were more likely to consume SSBs (both Ps < .001). Dietary salt intake was positively associated with fluid consumption (r = 0.42, P < .001); each additional 1 g/d of salt was associated with a 46 g/d greater intake of fluid, adjusted for age, gender, BMI, and SES (P < .001). In those consuming SSBs (n = 2571), salt intake was positively associated with SSB consumption (r = 0.35, P < .001); each additional 1 g/d of salt was associated with a 17 g/d greater intake of SSB, adjusted for age, gender, SES, and energy (P < .001). Participants who consumed more than 1 serving (≥250 g) of SSB were 26% more likely to be overweight/obese (odds ratio: 1.26, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–1.53). CONCLUSIONS: Dietary salt intake predicted total fluid consumption and SSB consumption within consumers of SSBs. Furthermore, SSB consumption was associated with obesity risk. In addition to the known benefits of lowering blood pressure, salt reduction strategies may be useful in childhood obesity prevention efforts.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“These positive findings were well-replicated across a range of OECD countries, including Canada, Spain, Greece and in Australia where those who consumed more than one SSB servings (≥250 g) per day were 26% more likely to be overweight or obese compared to those who consumed less than one serving per day [27].”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [27]
Citations
Cites
Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey
Cole, T. J. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240 · Cited by 16,500
Childhood obesity: public-health crisis, common sense cure
Ebbeling, C. B., Pawlak, D. B., & Ludwig, D. S. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)09678-2 · Cited by 2,980
Predicting basal metabolic rate, new standards and review of previous work.
Wn, S. (1985) · PubMed · Cited by 2,955
Principles of nutritional assessment
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-6362 · Cited by 2,766
Body mass index cut offs to define thinness in children and adolescents: international survey
Cole, T. J., Flegal, K. M., Nicholls, D., & Jackson, A. A. (2007) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.39238.399444.55 · Cited by 2,614
International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment (2006)
Marfell-Jones, M., Olds, T., Stewart, A. D., & Carter, L. (2006) · VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) · Cited by 2,608
Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: a systematic review
Malik, V. S., Schulze, M. B., & Hu, F. B. (2006) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/84.2.274 · Cited by 2,100
Goldberg, G. R., Black, A., Jebb, S. A., Cole, T. J., Pr, M., Coward, W. A., & Prentice, A. M. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 1,927
Principles Of Nutritional Assessment
Gibson, R. S. (2005) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195171693.001.0001 · Cited by 1,887
Effects of soft drink consumption on nutrition and health: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Vartanian, L. R., Schwartz, M. B., & Brownell, K. D. (2007) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2005.083782 · Cited by 1,863
Bowman, S., Gortmaker, S. L., Ebbeling, C. B., Pereira, M. A., & Ludwig, D. S. (2004) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.113.1.112 · Cited by 1,165
A Review of Family and Social Determinants of Children’s Eating Patterns and Diet Quality
Patrick, H., & Nicklas, T. A. (2005) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2005.10719448 · Cited by 1,159
Markers of the Validity of Reported Energy Intake
Livingstone, M. B. E., & Black, A. E. (2003) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/133.3.895s · Cited by 1,081
Soft Drink Consumption Among US Children and Adolescents
HARNACK, L., STANG, J., & STORY, M. (1999) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(99)00106-6 · Cited by 777
Fast-food consumption among US adults and children: Dietary and nutrient intake profile
Paeratakul, S., Ferdinand, D. P., Champagne, C. M., Ryan, D. H., & Bray, G. A. (2003) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(03)01086-1 · Cited by 761
Wang, Y. C., Bleich, S. N., & Gortmaker, S. L. (2008) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2007-2834 · Cited by 686
SECULAR TRENDS IN DIETARY INTAKE IN THE UNITED STATES
Briefel, R. R., & Johnson, C. L. (2004) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073349 · Cited by 638
Ebbeling, C. B., Feldman, H. A., Osganian, S. K., Chomitz, V. R., Ellenbogen, S. J., & Ludwig, D. S. (2006) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2005-0983 · Cited by 562
Sodium Intake and Hypertension
Karppanen, H., & Mervaala, E. M. A. (2006) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2006.07.001 · Cited by 491
The Physiological Regulation of Thirst and Fluid Intake
McKinley, M. J., & Johnson, A. K. (2004) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/nips.01470.2003 · Cited by 376
Factors associated with soft drink consumption in school-aged children
Grimm, G. C., Harnack, L., & Story, M. T. (2004) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/j.jada.2004.05.206 · Cited by 339
Salt Intake Is Related to Soft Drink Consumption in Children and Adolescents
He, F. J., Marrero, N. M., & MacGregor, G. A. (2008) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.100990 · Cited by 316
Are child eating patterns being transformed globally?
Adair, L. S., & Popkin, B. M. (2005) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2005.153 · Cited by 278
Vereecken, C. A., Inchley, J., Subramanian, S. V., Hublet, A., & Maes, L. (2005) · European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/cki005 · Cited by 271
Estimating the Energy Gap Among US Children: A Counterfactual Approach
Wang, Y. C., Gortmaker, S. L., Sobol, A. M., & Kuntz, K. M. (2006) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2006-0682 · Cited by 250
Total beverage consumption and beverage choices among children and adolescents
Forshee, R. A., & Storey, M. L. (2003) · International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/09637480120092143 · Cited by 240
Intake of calorically sweetened beverages and obesity
Olsen, N. J., & Heitmann, B. L. (2008) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2008.00523.x · Cited by 201
Magarey, A., Watson, J., Golley, R. K., Burrows, T. L., Sutherland, R., McNaughton, S. A., Denney‐Wilson, E., Campbell, K. J., & Collins, C. E. (2010) · International Journal of Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.3109/17477161003728469 · Cited by 182
Self-citationThe physiological regulation of thirst and fluid intake
McKinley (2004) · Cited by 169
Determinants of adolescents’ soft drink consumption
Bere, E., Glomnes, E. S., Velde, S. J. T., & Klepp, K. (2008) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980007000122 · Cited by 148
Dietary and Activity Correlates of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Among Adolescents
Ranjit, N., Evans, M. H., Byrd-Williams, C. E., Evans, A. E., & Hoelscher, D. M. (2010) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-1229 · Cited by 135
Libuda, L., Alexy, U., Sichert‐Hellert, W., Stehle, P., Karaolis‐Danckert, N., Buyken, A. E., & Kersting, M. (2007) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114507862362 · Cited by 131
Effect of Salt Intake on Renal Excretion of Water in Humans
He, F. J., Markandu, N. D., Sagnella, G. A., & MacGregor, G. A. (2001) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.38.3.317 · Cited by 125
Adolescent beverage habits and changes in weight over time: findings from Project EAT
Vanselow, M. S., Pereira, M. A., Neumark‐Sztainer, D., & Raatz, S. K. (2009) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.27573 · Cited by 107
Nilsen, S. M., Krokstad, S., Holmen, T. L., & Westin, S. (2009) · European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckp137 · Cited by 83
Acute Effects of Sodium Ingestion on Thirst and Cardiovascular Function
Stachenfeld, N. S. (2008) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1249/jsr.0b013e31817f23fc · Cited by 78
Choose and Prepare Foods with Less Salt: Dietary Advice for All Americans
Loria, C. M., Obarzanek, E., & Ernst, N. D. (2001) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/131.2.536s · Cited by 65
Grimes, C. A., Campbell, K. J., Riddell, L. J., & Nowson, C. A. (2010) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114510003673 · Cited by 55
Self-citationSmall changes in snacking behaviour: the potential impact on CVD mortality
Lloyd‐Williams, F., Mwatsama, M. K., Ireland, R., & Capewell, S. (2008) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980008003054 · Cited by 41
THE OPTIMAL WATER REQUIREMENT IN RENAL FUNCTION
Gamble, J. L., Putnam, M. C., & McKhann, C. F. (1929) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1929.88.4.571 · Cited by 39
Increased water intake by rats maintained on high NaCl diet: analysis of ingestive behavior
Stricker, E. M., Hoffmann, M. M., RICCARDI, C., & SMITH, J. (2003) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(03)00172-0 · Cited by 36
Sugar-sweetened beverage intake and overweight in children from a Mediterranean country
Valente, H., Teixeira, V. H., Padrão, P., Bessa, M., Cordeiro, T., Moreira, A. M., Mitchell, V., Lopes, C. M. M., Mota, J. A. P. S., & Moreira, P. A. M. (2010) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980010002533 · Cited by 31
Paineau, D., Beaufils, F., Boulier, A., Cassuto, D.-A., Chwalow, J., Combris, P., Couet, C., Jouret, B., Lafay, L., Laville, M., et al. (2010) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.78 · Cited by 22
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 45 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Department of Health and Ageing (DoHA), 2010, User Guide 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey
- National Health and Medical Research Council, 2006, Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature
Bleich, S. N., & Vercammen, K. A. (2018) · BMC Obesity · doi:10.1186/s40608-017-0178-9 · Cited by 309
Impact of Salt Intake on the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hypertension
Rust, P., & Ekmekçioğlu, C. (2016) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/5584_2016_147 · Cited by 310
Ma, Y., He, F. J., & MacGregor, G. A. (2015) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.05948 · Cited by 281
Preferences for Salty and Sweet Tastes Are Elevated and Related to Each Other during Childhood
Mennella, J. A., Finkbeiner, S., Lipchock, S. V., Hwang, L., & Reed, D. R. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0092201 · Cited by 208
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Weight Gain in 2- to 5-Year-Old Children
DeBoer, M. D., Scharf, R. J., & Demmer, R. T. (2013) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2013-0570 · Cited by 176
Metadata
- Authors
- Grimes, C. A., Riddell, L. J., Campbell, K. J., & Nowson, C. A.
- Affiliations
- Deakin University (AU)
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2013-01-01
- Volume
- 131
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-21
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W2131404723
- Cited by
- 229
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 14
- FWCI
- 21.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- salt intake, sugar-sweetened beverages, childhood obesity, fluid intake, body mass index, overweight, socioeconomic status, salt reduction, child nutrition, obesity prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Beverages, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Drinking, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Obesity, Risk Factors, Sodium Chloride, Dietary, Dietary Sucrose
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review