Primary care interventions for early childhood development: a systematic review
Abstract
CONTEXT: The pediatric primary care setting offers a platform to promote positive parenting behaviors and the optimal development of young children. Many new interventions have been developed and tested in this setting over the past 2 decades. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the recent published evidence regarding the impact of primary care-based interventions on parenting behaviors and child development outcomes; to provide recommendations for incorporation of effective interventions into pediatric clinics. DATA SOURCES: A literature search of PubMed and PsycINFO was conducted from January 1, 1999, to February 14, 2017. STUDY SELECTION: Publications in which primary care-based interventions and reported outcomes regarding the child's development or parenting behaviors associated with the promotion of optimal child development are described. DATA EXTRACTION: Forty-eight studies in which 24 interventions were described were included. Levels of evidence and specific outcome measures are reported. RESULTS: Included interventions were categorized as general developmental support, general behavioral development, or topic-specific interventions. Two interventions resulted in reductions in developmental delay, 4 improved cognitive development scores, and 6 resulted in improved behavioral intensity or reduction in behavioral problems. Interventions used a variety of theory-based behavior change strategies such as modeling, group discussion, role play, homework assignment, coaching, and video-recorded interactions. Three interventions report the cost of the intervention. LIMITATIONS: Community or home-based interventions were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: Although several interventions resulted in improved child development outcomes for children aged 0 to 3 years, comparison across studies and interventions is limited by use of different outcome measures, time of evaluation, and variability of results.
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Based on decades-long program development, implementation, and testing, healthcare systems are evolving to support whole-person, 2-generation efforts in pediatrics.
“Based on decades-long program development, implementation, and testing,10 healthcare systems are evolving to support whole-person, 2-generation efforts in pediatrics.”
From The transition to parenthood in obstetrics: enhancing prenatal care for 2-generation impact (2022) · cites this paper as [10]
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“Studies only tend to report whether the facilitators of programmes had received speci fi c training (Peacock-Chambers et al., 2017), without describing the characteristics of any such training (Barlow et al., 2016; Peacock-Chambers et al. 2017), with the exception of Sanders et al. (2023).”
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“All changes were summarized using FRAME (Table 1) (O’Cathain et al., 2010; Peacock-Chambers et al., 2017).”
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Parenting styles and interventions for the child health clinician
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“(1) Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; (2) Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan Iran; (3) Faculty of Nursing, Iranshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iranshahr, Iran;…”
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- Authors
- Peacock-Chambers, E., Ivy, K., & Bair-Merritt, M.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ivy, Kathryn
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2017-11-14
- Volume
- 140
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e20171661
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W2770440176
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 8.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Child and Adolescent Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Keywords
- early childhood development, parental behavior, child development outcomes, developmental delay, cognitive development, behavioral problems, behavior change strategies, pediatric clinic
- MeSH terms
- Behavior Therapy, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Humans, Primary Health Care
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