Brief Behavioral Interventions for Substance Use in Adolescents: A Meta-analysis
Abstract
CONTEXT: Adolescents with problematic substance use (SU) are at risk for far-reaching adverse outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Synthesize the evidence regarding the effects of brief behavioral interventions for adolescents (12–20 years) with problematic SU. DATA SOURCES: We conducted literature searches in Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and PsycInfo through October 31, 2019. STUDY SELECTION: We screened 33 272 records and citations for interventions in adolescents with at least problematic SU, retrieved 1831 articles, and selected 22 randomized controlled trials of brief interventions meeting eligibility criteria for meta-analysis. DATA EXTRACTION: We followed Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality guidelines. We categorized brief interventions into components, including motivational interviewing (MI), psychoeducation, and treatment as usual. Outcomes included SU (abstinence, days used per month) for alcohol and cannabis, and substance-related problem scales. Strength of evidence (SoE) was assessed. RESULTS: Both pairwise and network meta-analyses were conducted by using random effects models. Compared to treatment as usual, the use of MI reduces heavy alcohol use days by 0.7 days per month (95% credible interval [CrI]: −1.6 to 0.02; low SoE), alcohol use days by 1.1 days per month (95% CrI −2.2 to −0.3; moderate SoE), and overall substance-related problems by a standardized net mean difference of 0.5 (95% CrI –1.0 to 0; low SoE). The use of MI did not reduce cannabis use days, with a net mean difference of −0.05 days per month (95% CrI: −0.26 to 0.14; moderate SoE). LIMITATIONS: There was lack of consistently reported outcomes and limited available comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: The use of MI reduces heavy alcohol use, alcohol use days, and SU-related problems in adolescents but does not reduce cannabis use days.
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Most research has focused on short-term outcomes.
“most research has focused on short-term outcomes [18,34]”
From Young Adult Substance Use and Healthcare Use Associated With Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment in Pediatric Primary Care. (2022) · cites this paper as [34]
The effectiveness and acceptability of BIs for addressing substance use problems depends on factors such as delivery setting, substances used, and number of BI sessions.
“It is however important to note that the effectiveness and acceptability of BIs for addressing substance use problems depends on several factors such as delivery setting [21], substances used [22], and number of BI sessions [23].”
From A scoping review of substance use brief interventions in Africa (2024) · cites this paper as [22]
Motivational brief interventions have benefits for alcohol and other substance use problems among adolescents and adults.
“there are benefits for alcohol and other substance use problems among adolescents (45) and adults (46, 47)”
From Initial insights from a quality improvement initiative to develop an evidence-informed young adult substance use program (2022) · cites this paper as [45]
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- Authors
- Steele, D. W., Becker, S. J., Danko, K. J., Balk, E. M., Adam, G. P., Saldanha, I. J., & Trikalinos, T. A.
- Affiliations
- Pediatrics and Genetics (US)
- Brown University (US)
- Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health and
- ORCID
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2020-10-01
- Volume
- 146
- Issue
- 4
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W3085177757
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 1.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Keywords
- brief behavioral intervention, adolescent substance use, motivational interviewing, psychoeducation, alcohol consumption, cannabis use, heavy drinking days, substance-related problems, abstinence
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Humans, Psychotherapy, Brief, Substance-Related Disorders, Motivational Interviewing
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