Inhibitory effects of Fortunella japonica var.margarita and Citrus sunki essential oils on nitric oxide production and skin pathogens
Abstract
A number of essential oils from citrus peels are claimed to have biological activities. Citrus peel, called 'Jin-Pi', is used in traditional medicine for digestion, severe cold, and fever. However, the antibacterial activities against skin pathogens and anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oils of Citrus sunki (JinGyul) and Fortunella japonica var. margarita (GumGyul) have not yet been described. Therefore, in this study, the essential oils of the citrus species C. sunki (CSE) and F. japonica var. margarita (FJE), both native to the island of Jeju, Korea, were examined for their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities against skin pathogens. Four human skin pathogenic microorganisms, Staphylococcus epidermidis CCARM 3709, Propionibacterium acnes CCARM 0081, Malassezia furfur KCCM 12679, and Candida albicans KCCM 11282, were studied. CSE and FJE exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against most of the pathogenic bacteria and yeast strains that were tested. Interestingly, CSE and FJE even showed antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant S. epidermidis CCARM 3710, S. epidermidis CCARM 3711, P. acnes CCARM9009, and P. acnes CCARM9010 strains. In addition, CSE and FJE reduced the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced secretion of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells, indicating that they have anti-inflammatory effects. We also analysed the chemical composition of the oils by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and identified several major components, including dl-limonene (68.18%) and beta-myrcene (4.36%) for CSE, and dl-limonene (61.58%) and carvone (6.36%) for FJE. Taken together, these findings indicate that CSE and FJE have great potential to be used in human skin health applications.
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Fortunella japonica var. margarita and Citrus sunki essential oils markedly inhibit LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner.
“The essential oils of Fortunella japonica var. margarita (GumGyul) and Citrus sunki (JinGyul), which limonene predominared in both types of oils, also markedly inhibited LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that they had anti-inflammatiry effects, according to the authors [138].”
From Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils: A Short Review (2010) · cites this paper as [138]
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils: A Short Review
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“7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that they had anti-inflammatiry effects, according to the authors [138].”
Background
- Authors
- Yang, E.-J., Kim, S., Moon, J.-Y., Oh, T.-H., Baik, J., Lee, N., & Hyun, C.-G.
- Affiliations
- Jeju National University (KR)
- Venue
- Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica
- Publisher
- Akademiai Kiado Zrt.
- Published
- 2010-03
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 15-27
- ISSN
- 1217-8950 (ISSN-L)
- 1588-2640
- OpenAlex
- W2137877087
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 6.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
- Keywords
- Citrus sunki, citrus essential oils, citrus peel, skin pathogens, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, nitric oxide production, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, Malassezia furfur, Candida albicans, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, limonene, carvone, myrcene
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Infective Agents, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Candida albicans, Cell Line, Citrus, Dermatitis, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Humans, Macrophages, Malassezia, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Nitric Oxide, Oils, Volatile, Propionibacterium acnes, Skin Diseases, Infectious, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Rutaceae, Mice, Republic of Korea
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