Reddit Rules! Characterizing an Ecosystem of Governance
Open accessAbstract
The social sharing and news aggregation site Reddit provides a unique example of an ecosystem of community-created rules. Not only do individual subreddits create and enforce their own regulations, but site-wide guidelines and norms may also influence behavior. This paper reports on a mixed-methods study of 100,000 subreddits and their rules. Our findings characterize the types of rules across Reddit, the frequency of rules at scale, and patterns of rules based on subreddit characteristics. We find that rules appear to be context-dependent for individual subreddits but also share common characteristics across the site. Taken together, our findings provide a rich description of this ecosystem of rules, motivating further inquiry into underlying mechanisms for rule formation and enforcement in online communities.
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Subreddit designers must set the community goal and rules and decide implicit policies like target population and moderation strategies; these choices help shape social interactions in the community.
“They need to defne the community goal (e.g.,”
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Register, Y., Grasso, I., Weingarten, L. N., Fury, L., Chinea, C. E., Malloy, T. J., & Spiro, E. S. (2024) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3637300 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Under the (neighbor)hood: Hyperlocal Surveillance on Nextdoor
Choksi, M. Z., Quéré, M. A. L., Lloyd, T., Tao, R., Grimmelmann, J., & Naaman, M. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3641967 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Smith, C. E., Klassen, S., Prinster, G. H., Tan, C., & Keegan, B. (2024) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3686920 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Malinen, S. (2021) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/14614448211062123 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Kuo, T.-S., Chen, Q. Z., Zhang, A. X., Hsieh, J., Zhu, H., & Holstein, K. (2025) · Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3706598.3713865 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Evolution of Rules in Reddit Communities
Reddy, H., & Chandrasekharan, E. (2023) · ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) · doi:10.1145/3584931.3606973 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Comparing Audience Appreciation to Fact-Checking Across Political Communities on Reddit
Parekh, D., Margolin, D., & Ruths, D. A. (2020) · ACM Web Science Conference (WebSci) · doi:10.1145/3394231.3397904 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Identifying Competition and Mutualism Between Online Groups
TeBlunthuis, N., & Hill, B. M. (2021) · International Conference on Web and Social Media · doi:10.1609/icwsm.v16i1.19352 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Detecting Community Sensitive Norm Violations in Online Conversations
Park, C. Y., Mendelsohn, J., Radhakrishnan, K., Jain, K., Kanakagiri, T., Jurgens, D., & Tsvetkov, Y. (2021) · Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP (Findings of EMNLP) · doi:10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.288 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
The Impact of Governance Bots on Sense of Virtual Community
Smith, C. E., Alam, I., Tan, C., Keegan, B., & Blanchard, A. (2022) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3555563 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
The Effects of Machine-powered Platform Governance: An Empirical Study of Content Moderation
He, Q., Hong, Y., & Raghu, T. S. (2021) · Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) · doi:10.24251/hicss.2022.724 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
"How Do You Quantify How Racist Something Is?": Color-Blind Moderation in Decentralized Governance
Wu, Q., & Semaan, B. (2023) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3610030 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Lambert, C., Choi, F., & Chandrasekharan, E. (2024) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3686929 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
"Ignorance is not Bliss": Designing Personalized Moderation to Address Ableist Hate on Social Media
Heung, S., Jiang, L., Azenkot, S., & Vashistha, A. (2025) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3706598.3713997 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Bezabih, A., Nourriz, S., Snider, A.-M., Rauenzahn, R., Handzo, G., & Smith, C. E. (2025) · Proc. ACM Hum. Comput. Interact. · doi:10.1145/3757492 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Kaleidoscope: Semantically-grounded, context-specific ML model evaluation
Suresh, H., Shanmugam, D., Chen, T., Bryan, A. G., D’Amour, A., Guttag, J. V., & Satyanarayan, A. (2023) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3581482 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Quantifying gender biases towards politicians on Reddit
Marjanović, S. V., Stańczak, K., & Augenstein, I. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0274317 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Pika: Empowering Non-Programmers to Author Executable Governance Policies in Online Communities
Wang, L., Vincent, N., Rukanskaitė, J., & Zhang, A. X. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642012 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Democratic Moderation: Exploring the Use and Perception of Votekicking in Social Virtual Reality
Chen, Q., Wu, Q., & Jacucci, G. (2025) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3706598.3713577 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Automatically Labeling Low Quality Content on Wikipedia By Leveraging Patterns in Editing Behaviors
Asthana, S., Thommel, S. T., Halfaker, A., & Banović, N. (2021) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3479503 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
'There Has To Be a Lot That We're Missing': Moderating AI-Generated Content on Reddit
Lloyd, T., Reagle, J., & Naaman, M. (2025) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3757445 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Dealing with Deepfakes: Reddit, Online Content Moderation, and Situational Crime Prevention
Kikerpill, K., Siibak, A., & Valli, S. (2021) · Studies in media and communications · doi:10.1108/s2050-206020210000020008 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The Criminal Selfie: Conveying Grievance While Recording and Live Streaming Antisocial Behavior
Sandhu, A. P. S., & Trottier, D. (2023) · European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10610-023-09548-8 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
How Founder Motivations, Goals, and Actions Influence Early Trajectories of Online Communities
Kairam, S., & Foote, J. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642269 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Guimarães, A., & Weikum, G. (2021) · Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media · doi:10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18050 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Wu, Q., Romero, T., & Semaan, B. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642688 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The Design Space for Online Restorative Justice Tools: A Case Study with ApoloBot
Doan, B. N. (., & Seering, J. (2025) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3706598.3713598 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Rajadesingan, A., Duran, C., Resnick, P., & Budak, C. (2021) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3479537 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Felton, M., Middaugh, E., & Fan, H. (2023) · Public Understanding of Science · doi:10.1177/09636625231178428 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- Fiesler, C., Jiang, J., McCann, J., Frye, K., & Brubaker, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media
- Published
- 2018-06-15
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2162-3449 (ISSN-L)
- 2334-0770
- OpenAlex
- W2810857251
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 48.24
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (publishedVersion)
- AAAI Publications (The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Communication › Wikis in Education and Collaboration
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
- Social Sciences › Communication › Social Media and Politics
- Keywords
- Reddit, subreddits, community rules, internet governance, self-regulation, rule enforcement, online communities, rule formation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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