The DOI matches its Crossref record; 89 of the 89 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Repression, Response, and Contained Escalation Under "Liberalized" Authoritarianism in Jordan
Abstract
Studies of repression's effects on mobilization overwhelmingly focus on how severe repression affects the volume of protest, overlooking how activists perceive and experience a range of repressive tactics and how their tactical adaptations to this repertoire produce broader patterns of contention. This study therefore identifies repression's variegated forms and movements' corresponding responses using fifty-seven interviews with reform-oriented activists in Jordan, a "liberalized" authoritarian state, obtained in 2011. The findings demonstrate that activists (1) transformed softer repression into valued opportunities for communication with officials, and (2) responded to harder forms by publicizing repression through protests and their alliance networks, which persuaded the image-conscious regime to temper its tactics and prompted both sides to return to bargaining. This dynamic exemplifies a process of contained escalation, which helps to explain why Jordan's Arab Spring remained nonrevolutionary. I conclude by discussing the implications for studies of repression and response in illiberal contexts.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This surveillance can take many forms and allows governments to harvest intelligence that can be used to target coercion (13, 30, 53–56).”
From Physical and virtual repertoires of contention (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
Citations
Cites
Frame alignment processes, micromobilization, and movement participation.
Snow, D., Rochford, E., Worden, S., & Benford, R. D. (1986) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2095581 · Cited by 5,992
McAdam, D., Tarrow, S., & Tilly, C. (2001) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511805431 · Cited by 5,558
The Constant Comparative Method of Qualitative Analysis
Glaser, B. G. (1965) · Social Problems · doi:10.2307/798843 · Cited by 4,937
The Semisovereign People: A Realist's View of Democracy in America
Schattschneider, E. E. (1960) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,262
From Mobilization to Revolution
Tilly, C. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315205021-5 · Cited by 4,010
(1970) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,500
Redesigning Social Inquiry: Fuzzy Sets and Beyond
Ragin, C. C. (2008) · Cited by 3,398
Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency, 1930-1970
McAdam, D. (1999) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226555553.001.0001 · Cited by 3,183
Elections Without Democracy: Thinking About Hybrid Regimes
Diamond, L. J. (2002) · Journal of democracy · doi:10.1353/jod.2002.0025 · Cited by 2,433
A Preface to Democratic Theory.
Gross, F., & Dahl, R. A. (1957) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2088784 · Cited by 2,187
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ketchley, N. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316882702 · Cited by 295
Transnational Repression, Diaspora Mobilization, and the Case of The Arab Spring
Moss, D. M. (2016) · Social Problems · doi:10.1093/socpro/spw019 · Cited by 261
Self-citationEarl, J. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abl8198 · Cited by 250
Moss, D. M. (2018) · Globalizations · doi:10.1080/14747731.2016.1263079 · Cited by 181
Self-citationResistance in repressive contexts: A comprehensive test of psychological predictors.
Ayanian, A. H., Tausch, N., Acar, Y. G., Chayinska, M., Cheung, W.-Y., & Lukyanova, Y. (2021) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspi0000285 · Cited by 137
The Politics of Ignoring: Protest Dynamics in Late Mubarak Egypt
Bishara, D. (2015) · Perspectives on Politics · doi:10.1017/s153759271500225x · Cited by 130
The Political Context of Social Movements
McAdam, D., & Tarrow, S. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119168577.ch1 · Cited by 126
The Role of Threat in Collective Action
Almeida, P. (2018) · doi:10.1002/9781119168577.ch2 · Cited by 89
Grimm, J. J., & Harders, C. (2017) · Social movement studies · doi:10.1080/14742837.2017.1344547 · Cited by 83
From ‘the effect of repression’ toward ‘the response to repression’
Honari, A. (2018) · Current Sociology · doi:10.1177/0011392118787585 · Cited by 97
Fragmented Control: Governing Contentious Labor Organizations in China
Fu, D. (2017) · Governance · doi:10.1111/gove.12248 · Cited by 78
“Thugs-for-Hire”: Subcontracting of State Coercion and State Capacity in China
Ong, L. H. (2018) · Perspectives on Politics · doi:10.1017/s1537592718000981 · Cited by 74
Moss, D. M., & Snow, D. A. (2016) · Handbooks of sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32250-6_26 · Cited by 67
Self-citational-Anani, K. (2019) · Democratization · doi:10.1080/13510347.2019.1630610 · Cited by 45
Honari, A. (2018) · Social Media + Society · doi:10.1177/2056305118803886 · Cited by 60
Preventing Protest One Person at a Time: Psychological Coercion and Relational Repression in ChinaPreprint
O’Brien, K. J., & Deng, Y. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3028364 · Cited by 51
Ness, J. V., & Summers‐Effler, E. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119168577.ch23 · Cited by 44
Revolution and Social Movements
Goldstone, J. Α., & Ritter, D. P. (2018) · doi:10.1002/9781119168577.ch39 · Cited by 35
Hou, R. C. (2019) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/1461444819889959 · Cited by 36
Lewis, J. S. (2020) · Political Studies Review · doi:10.1177/1478929920903657 · Cited by 35
Policing the Organizational Threat in Morocco: Protest and Public Violence in Liberal Autocracies
Berman, C. E. (2021) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12565 · Cited by 31
Beck, C. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108147828.022 · Cited by 28
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.001.0001 · Cited by 25
Authoritarian Regimes and Social Movements
Chen, X., & Moss, D. M. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119168577.ch38 · Cited by 25
Self-citationReluctant Reception: Refugees, Migration and Governance in the Middle East and North Africa
Norman, K. P. (2020) · Cited by 22
The Dynamics of Repression and Insurgent Practice in the Black Liberation Struggle
Bloom, J. (2020) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/711672 · Cited by 22
Repression, spontaneity, and collective action: the 2013 Turkish Gezi protests
Anisin, A. (2016) · Journal of Civil Society · doi:10.1080/17448689.2016.1239607 · Cited by 19
Dollbaum, J. M. (2020) · Perspectives on Politics · doi:10.1017/s1537592720002443 · Cited by 22
Contesting Authoritarianism : Labor Challenges to the State in Egypt
Bishara, D. (2018) · Cited by 18
Civil Action in the Syrian Conflict
Pearlman, W. (2019) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190056896.003.0002 · Cited by 17
Ayanian, A. H., Adra, A., Zeineddine, F. B., Saab, R., Vollhardt, J. R., & Tausch, N. (2025) · Social Issues and Policy Review · doi:10.1111/sipr.70000 · Cited by 20
Playing by the Informal Rules: Why the Chinese Regime Remains Stable despite Rising Protests
Li, Y. (2018) · Cited by 14
The Evolution of Authoritarianism and Contentious Action in Russia
Mamaev, B. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009560672 · Cited by 12
Contentious Politics in the Trump Era
Crabtree, C. D., Davenport, C., Chenoweth, E., Moss, D. M., Earl, J., Ritter, E. H., & Sullivan, C. M. (2017) · PS Political Science & Politics · doi:10.1017/s104909651700141x · Cited by 10
Self-citationLi, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054 · Cited by 25
Leveraging Selective State Capacity: Understanding Changing Responses to Migration and Refugees
Norman, K. P. (2024) · Journal of Global Security Studies · doi:10.1093/jogss/ogae025 · Cited by 8
Anxiety and Ambivalence: NGO–Activist Partnership in China’s Environmental Protests, 2007–2016
Zhang, Y., Bradtke, M., & Halvey, M. R. (2020) · VOLUNTAS International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations · doi:10.1007/s11266-020-00237-2 · Cited by 8
Urbanization, informal governance and refugee integration in Egypt
Norman, K. P. (2021) · Globalizations · doi:10.1080/14747731.2021.1907510 · Cited by 7
Kwak, S. (2024) · Asian Politics & Policy · doi:10.1111/aspp.12725 · Cited by 9
The Gezi Park Protests and the Escalation and De-Escalation of Political Contention
Demirel-Pegg, T. (2018) · Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies · doi:10.1080/19448953.2018.1506298 · Cited by 10
After the Massacre: Women’s Islamist Activism in Post-Coup Egypt
ELMASRY, S. K., & Ketchley, N. (2020) · Middle East Law and Governance · doi:10.1163/18763375-01201007 · Cited by 7
Tactics and Targets: Labor Protest and State Response in China
Bao, S. (2024) · Sociological Quarterly · doi:10.1080/00380253.2024.2378134 · Cited by 6
Fernandes, E. G. (2020) · Revista Brasileira de Sociologia - RBS · doi:10.20336/rbs.742 · Cited by 6
What drives public trust in the military in non-democracies: Evidence from Libya (2014-2019)
Abouzzohour, Y., & Yousef, T. M. (2023) · The Journal of North African Studies · doi:10.1080/13629387.2023.2203469 · Cited by 6
Claiming a “Right” to State Space: Building Social Movements Under Authoritarian Rule
Lacouture, M. T. (2024) · Comparative Political Studies · doi:10.1177/00104140241269959 · Cited by 5
When Does Repression Trigger Mass Protest? The 2013 Gezi Protests
Över, D., & Taraktaş, B. (2017) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s0163-786x20170000041017 · Cited by 5
Fakhoury, T. (2024) · Ethnopolitics · doi:10.1080/17449057.2024.2429272 · Cited by 4
Understanding Anti-Regime Activists’ Failures During the 2019 Kazakhstan Presidential Election
Caron, J.-F., & Malikova, V. (2021) · The Steppe and beyond · doi:10.1007/978-981-33-4308-5_5 · Cited by 4
Relevance and electoralism in the study of political oppositions: the case of Morocco’s radical left
Dahbi, K. (2023) · Democratization · doi:10.1080/13510347.2023.2221894 · Cited by 3
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.001.0001 · Cited by 3
The Symbolic Management of Protest: Conceptualization, Typology, and Patterns in Mexican Protest
Sullivan, H. (2023) · Global Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1093/isagsq/ksad051 · Cited by 2
Contentious Politics in China: Causes, Dynamics, and Consequences
Elfström, M., & Li, Y. (2019) · Brill Research Perspectives in Governance and Public Policy in China · doi:10.1163/24519227-12340005 · Cited by 2
Challenge of Localization under Restrictive Government Rule
Toukan, D. M. (2024) · Global Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1093/isagsq/ksaf012 · Cited by 2
Revolutionary struggle and its diffusion: A configurational analysis of the 2011 Arab Uprisings
Patros, T. (2021) · International Journal of Comparative Sociology · doi:10.1177/00207152221088853 · Cited by 1
Yuan, W. (2023) · Research in social movements, conflicts and change · doi:10.1108/s0163-786x20230000047011 · Cited by 1
Criminal Governance and Social Mobilization in Brazilian Favelas
Vilbert, J. (2023) · Politikon IAPSS Journal of Political Science · doi:10.22151/politikon.56.2 · Cited by 1
What Determines the Duration of Protest Events? Evidence from Africa
Lewis, J. S., & Favell, W. (2025) · Government and Opposition · doi:10.1017/gov.2024.37 · Cited by 1
Grimm, J. J. (2021) · Amsterdam University Press eBooks · doi:10.5117/9789463722650 · Cited by 8
Bridging theories of social and revolutionary movements
Duarte‐Mayorga, N. (2022) · Sociology Compass · doi:10.1111/soc4.12967 · Cited by 1
(2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009272148.011
Revolutions Against the StatePreprint
Beck, C. J. (2017) · SocArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/7j5ha · Cited by 1
The Arab Spring Abroad: Diaspora Activism against Authoritarian Regimes
Moss, D. M. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009272148
Self-citationAccommodating Informal Norms in Regime-Engaging Protests
Li, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054.003
Antagonistic Informal Norms in Regime-Threatening Protests
Li, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054.005
Fighting for Honor in the Warsaw Ghetto
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.003.0003
Resistance: Past, Present, and Future
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.003.0006
Hope and Hunger in the Łódź Ghetto
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.003.0005
Competing Visions in the Vilna Ghetto
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.003.0004
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.003.0001
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.003.0002
(2020) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspi0000285.supp
Li, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054.006
Li, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054.008
Li, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054.009
Unequal Application of Accommodating Informal Norms
Li, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054.004
Li, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054.007
Li, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054.002
Li, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054.001
Grimm, J. J. (2022) · Amsterdam University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9789048553457-005
Ardovini, L. (2022) · Manchester University Press eBooks · doi:10.7765/9781526149305.00013
Li, Y. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108557054.010
Opposition inclusion and exclusion in the Arab world: Evidence from a new dataset
Farag, M. (2022) · Mediterranean Politics · doi:10.1080/13629395.2022.2085951
Alimi, E. Y. (2022) · International Journal of Comparative Sociology · doi:10.1177/00207152221140344
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.002.0007
Conflict Activism in Rio de Janeiro’s Gang Territories
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.003.0001
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.003.0007
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.002.0004
Ties that Strengthen, Ties that Bind
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.003.0006
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.005.0001
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.003.0003
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.003.0002
Violent Clientelism and Gendered Governance
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.003.0004
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.003.0005
Fahlberg, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197519325.002.0008
Report on scipost_202302_00041v1
Natter, K., Norman, K. P., & Stel, N. (2023) · Migration Politics · doi:10.21468/scipost.report.7219
Report on scipost_202302_00041v1
Natter, K., Norman, K. P., & Stel, N. (2023) · Migration Politics · doi:10.21468/scipost.report.7765
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.002.0006
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.002.0003
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.005.0001
Einwohner, R. L. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190079437.002.0004
Metadata
- Authors
- Moss, D.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Moss, Dana
- ORCID
- Moss, Dana
- Venue
- Mobilization: An International Quarterly
- Publisher
- Mobilization Journal
- Published
- 2014-09-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 261-286
- ISSN
- 1086-671X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2214643740
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 13.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Mobilization An International Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Conflict and Governance
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Middle East and Rwanda Conflicts
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Middle East Politics and Society
- Keywords
- repression, protest responses, Jordan, Arab Spring, alliance networks, political mobilization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review