Consumer Behavior and Emotional Satisfaction: Ready-To-Cook Food Products in India
Open accessAbstract
In this paper, we are trying to understand the consumer behavior on the Ready-to-cook (RTC) food products that belong to the sector of convenience food products. In India, the consumption of ready-to-cook products increased drastically after urbanization. According to the Indian RTC Market Outlook, the total market of ready-to-cook food products is expected to grow with a CAGR of more than 18% by the end of 2024. A survey has been conducted among the different age groups of people to understand their interests and critical factors, leading to their behavior patterns in buying and consuming ready-to-cook food products. The analysis of the collected data is conducted in Excel and R for an in-depth understanding. Two models are run on R to predict the significant factors in customers’ satisfaction level regarding ready-to-cook food products. The first model predicts that store and availability are significant at a 90% confidence interval. In contrast, consumption, quality, and discounts are significant at a 95% confidence interval according to consumers’ satisfaction levels concerning ready-to-cook food products. The second model predicts that store and packaging are significant at a 90% confidence interval. In contrast, consumption, taste, and discounts are significant at a 95% confidence interval according to consumers’ satisfaction levels in buying a particular brand in ready-to-cook food products. This study focuses on consumption patterns of ready-to-cook food products concerning the consumers of different professions, different income levels, different age groups, etc.
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Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This survey-based study examines Indian consumers’ behavior and satisfaction with ready-to-cook foods using 302 respondents and ordinal logistic models. It identifies consumption, quality/taste, discounts, store, availability/packaging as key satisfaction factors, with a demographic skew toward younger urban consumers.
Key findings
- Among 302 respondents, 263 (87%) consumed ready-to-cook products and 39 (13%) did not. Among consumers, the male-to-female ratio was 145:118; 41% consumed once/twice weekly and 25% once/twice monthly.
- Consumption varied by work hours: those working under 10 hours mostly consumed once/twice monthly or rarely (~51%), while those working over 10 hours mostly consumed daily or once/twice weekly (~63%). Lower-income respondents (₹60,000/month or less) consumed more; higher-income respondents were described as more health-conscious and consuming less.
- Product preferences: noodles/pasta/soup were preferred by 97%, sweet mixes by 79%, and meat snacks by 32%. Breakfast mixes, snacks, and Indian breads were popular among 21–25-year-olds; sweet mixes among under-20 and over-40 consumers; breakfast mixes among 21–40-year-olds. 74% bought from nearby grocery stores/supermarkets, and about 90% learned about products through TV/radio ads and supermarkets.
- Model 1 found Consumption, Quality, and Discounts significant at 95%, with Store and Availability also significant at 90%. Model 2 found Consumption, Taste, and Discounts significant at 95%, with Store and Packaging also significant at 90%. Correlations included Taste–Quality 0.68, Time Saving–Health Benefits 0.59, Quality–Health Benefits 0.53, Ease of Storage–Long Shelf Life 0.52; brand Taste–Quality 0.66 and Brand Image–Packaging 0.56.
Methods
- A questionnaire survey collected 302 responses using convenience sampling; the 263 ready-to-cook consumers were used for modeling.
- Qualitative analysis in Excel used percentages, descriptive statistics, and correlations for objectives on profession, income, and generational product preferences.
- Quantitative analysis in R used ordinal logistic regression for two models—general ready-to-cook satisfaction and brand-specific satisfaction—each run with 3-level and 5-level satisfaction outcomes and training/testing splits of 70:30 and 80:20.
Limitations
- Stated: the sample was concentrated among millennials/under-30 and urban/Tier 1 consumers, limiting generalization; children’s influence showed no difference due to limited data; trust-building and communication were not examined; ordinal logistic regression was used, with multinomial logistic regression suggested as an alternative.
- Evident: convenience sampling and a self-reported cross-sectional survey restrict causal and population inference; the conclusion section discusses ready-made frozen food and irradiation, which does not match the ready-to-cook survey focus, suggesting possible drafting or editing inconsistency.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
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Cites
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Claims the paper makes
0 of 19 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
- Findingown data
In the first ordinal logistic model, consumption, quality, and discounts were significant predictors of satisfaction with ready-to-cook products at a 95% confidence level.
“In contrast, consumption, quality, and discounts are significant at a 95% confidence interval according to consumers' satisfaction levels concerning ready-to-cook food products.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
In the first ordinal logistic model, store and availability were significant predictors of satisfaction with ready-to-cook products at a 90% confidence level.
“The first model predicts that store and availability are significant at a 90% confidence interval.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
In the second ordinal logistic model, consumption, taste, and discounts were significant predictors of satisfaction with choosing a particular ready-to-cook brand at a 95% confidence level.
“In contrast, consumption, taste, and discounts are significant at a 95% confidence interval according to consumers' satisfaction levels in buying a particular brand in ready-to-cook food products.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
In the second ordinal logistic model, store and packaging were significant predictors of satisfaction with choosing a particular ready-to-cook brand at a 90% confidence level.
“The second model predicts that store and packaging are significant at a 90% confidence interval.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Families with children mostly consume ready-to-cook products once or twice a month.
“By considering the data from Figure 5, we can depict those families with children's consumption patterns are mostly Once/Twice a month.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
- Findingown data
Among 302 respondents, 263 have used ready-to-cook food products.
“Among the 302 respondents, 263 have used ready-to-cook food products.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Almost all income groups were interested in consuming ready-to-cook products at least once or twice a month.
“we can see that almost all income people are interested in consuming ready-to-cook food products at least once/twice a month.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Consumption, quality, and discounts are significant at the 95% confidence interval for overall satisfaction with ready-to-cook products.
“Based on the results attained by the ordinal logistic regression, Consumption, Quality, and Discounts are significant at 95% confidence interval, whereas Store & Availability, along with those three factors, are also significant at 90% confidence interval.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: The factors included in the ordinal logistic regression models capture the relevant determinants of consumer satisfaction.
- Findingown data
Store and availability are significant at the 90% confidence interval for overall satisfaction with ready-to-cook products.
“Based on the results attained by the ordinal logistic regression, Consumption, Quality, and Discounts are significant at 95% confidence interval, whereas Store & Availability, along with those three factors, are also significant at 90% confidence interval.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: The factors included in the ordinal logistic regression models capture the relevant determinants of consumer satisfaction.
- Findingown data
Taste and quality had a correlation of 0.66 among factors for choosing a ready-to-cook brand.
“The correlation results between choosing a brand in Ready-to-cook food products show a high correlation of 0.66 between Taste and Quality (0.66)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Ease of storage and long shelf life had a correlation of 0.52 among factors for purchasing ready-to-cook products.
“0.52 between Ease of Storage & Long Shelf Life”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
26% of non-consumers say they might consider purchasing if discounts are offered.
“Approxi-mately 15% say that discounts offered will affect their purchasing behavior, and 26% states that they might think of it.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Time saving and health benefits had a correlation of 0.59 among factors for purchasing ready-to-cook products.
“0.59 between Time Saving & Health Benefits”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Students and private employees consumed ready-to-cook products more than other occupational groups.
“The significant observation regarding the consumption patterns is Students, and Private employees' consumption is higher than in other professions.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
59% of non-consumers say discounts do not affect their purchasing behavior.
“The remaining 59% say that their purchasing behavior does not get affected.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
In Model 2, the three-level satisfaction model has slightly better misclassification error than the five-level model.
“Even in this model, the first case's misclassification error is slightly better than in the second case.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Consumers working more than 10 hours mostly consumed ready-to-cook products daily or once or twice a week, about 63%.
“But the consumers who work more than 10 hours mostly take these products daily or once/twice a week (approx.63%)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Breakfast mixes are the most consumed ready-to-cook products.
“The data predicted says that Breakfast mixes are the most consumed products.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingcitation
Only a few factors are significant for purchasing behavior of ready-to-cook products and for purchasing a particular brand.
“Among all the factors, only a few of them are significant when the purchasing behavior of ready-to-cook food products and purchasing behavior of a particular brand is considered [19].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [19] 19. Udaiyar, M. U., & Com II, M (2018). A study on increasing popularity of ready-to-cook products among women in Mumbai metro city. Multidisci- plinary peer-reviewed journal, 192.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Findingown data
Approximately 90% of respondents get awareness of ready-to-cook products from TV or radio ads and supermarkets.
“when awareness is considered, approximately 90% of respondents' opinion is that they get the awareness of these products because of the TV/Radio Ad's and through Supermarkets”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Consumers above 40 years and below 20 years prefer sweet mix among ready-to-cook products.
“Similarly, above 40 years and below 20 years, consumers prefer to consume sweet mix, whereas 21-40 years of consumers prefer breakfast mix greatly over the other ready-to-cook food products.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingcitation
Consumption, taste, and discounts are significant at the 95% confidence interval for overall satisfaction with a particular brand of ready-to-cook products.
“Based on the results attained by the ordinal logistic regression, Consumption, Taste, and Discounts are significant at a 95% confidence interval.In contrast, Store & Packaging and those three are also significant at 90% confidence interval [20].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [20] 20. Vijayabaskar, M., & Sundaram, N. (2012). A study on purchasing attitude towards Ready-to-eat/cook products by health-conscious consumers in Southern India concerning Tier-I cities. International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences, 2(4), 417-436.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Rests on an assumption: The factors included in the ordinal logistic regression models capture the relevant determinants of consumer satisfaction.
- Findingown data
Meat snacks are less preferred, by 32% of people.
“In contrast, Meat Snacks are less preferred by just 32% of people.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Consumers working fewer than 10 hours mostly consumed ready-to-cook products once or twice a month or rarely, about 51%.
“The consumers who work less than 10 hours mostly take these products once/twice a month or rarely (approx.51%).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Quality and health benefits had a correlation of 0.53 among factors for purchasing ready-to-cook products.
“0.53 between Quality & Health Benefits”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Approximately 15% of non-consumers say discounts would affect their purchasing behavior.
“Approxi-mately 15% say that discounts offered will affect their purchasing behavior, and 26% states that they might think of it.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
MTR, Nestle, ITC, and Knorr have the maximum customer base among ready-to-cook food brands.
“When Brands are considered in the sector of Ready-to-cook food products, MTR, Nestle, ITC, and Knorr have the maximum customer base.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Noodles, pasta, or soup is preferred by 97% of consumers among ready-to-cook products.
“Noodles/Pasta/Soup is preferred by 97% of consumers among the ready-to-cook food products, and Sweet Mixes is preferred by 79% of consumers.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingcitation
Store and packaging are significant at the 90% confidence interval for overall satisfaction with a particular brand of ready-to-cook products.
“Based on the results attained by the ordinal logistic regression, Consumption, Taste, and Discounts are significant at a 95% confidence interval.In contrast, Store & Packaging and those three are also significant at 90% confidence interval [20].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [20] 20. Vijayabaskar, M., & Sundaram, N. (2012). A study on purchasing attitude towards Ready-to-eat/cook products by health-conscious consumers in Southern India concerning Tier-I cities. International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences, 2(4), 417-436.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Rests on an assumption: The factors included in the ordinal logistic regression models capture the relevant determinants of consumer satisfaction.
- Findingown data
Brand image and packaging had a correlation of 0.56 among factors for choosing a ready-to-cook brand.
“0.56 between Brand Image & Packaging”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Consumers aged 21-25 prefer breakfast mixes, snacks, and Indian bread among ready-to-cook products.
“Breakfast mixes, Snacks, and Indian bread are popular choices for 21-25 years old consumers who are generally considered the youngest of all generations.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Consumers aged 21-40 prefer breakfast mix greatly over other ready-to-cook products.
“Similarly, above 40 years and below 20 years, consumers prefer to consume sweet mix, whereas 21-40 years of consumers prefer breakfast mix greatly over the other ready-to-cook food products.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Old established companies have the most popularity among ready-to-cook brands.
“If you consider Figure 6, which indicates the popularity of brands, data depicts that old established companies have the most popularity.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
74% of respondents buy ready-to-cook products from nearby grocery stores and supermarkets.
“When the place of buying the ready-to-cook food products are considered, 74% of respondents buy these Ready-to-cook from their Nearby grocery stores and Supermarkets”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
In Model 1, the three-level satisfaction model has slightly better misclassification error than the five-level model.
“Here Misclassification error in the first case is slightly better than the second case.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Taste and quality had a correlation of 0.68 among factors for purchasing ready-to-cook products.
“The correlation results between purchasing Ready-to-cook food products show a high correlation of 0.68 between Taste & Quality”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Among the 263 ready-to-cook consumers, the male-to-female ratio was 145:118.
“among the 263 respondents who consume ready-to-cook food products, the ratio of Male to Female is 145:118.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data
Negative skewness in descriptive statistics indicated that the data were non-parametric.
“The skewness results in the descriptive statistics have shown Negative results, which means that the data is non-parametric.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
Sweet mixes are preferred by 79% of consumers among ready-to-cook products.
“Noodles/Pasta/Soup is preferred by 97% of consumers among the ready-to-cook food products, and Sweet Mixes is preferred by 79% of consumers.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingreasoning
Online purchases of ready-to-cook products are comparatively less.
“Online purchases are comparatively less, which can be improved if ready-to-cook food products diversify their marketing strategy and focus on social media and online promotions.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation
Convenience food consumption, including ready-to-eat, ready-to-cook, and frozen foods, rose sharply during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.
“In recent times, because of the pandemic situation caused by COVID-19 in 2020, there has been a huge hike in the consumption of convenience goods like ready-to-eat, ready-to-cook, and frozen foods.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [2] 2. Capps Jr., O., Tedford, J. R., & Havlicek Jr., J. (1985). Household demand for convenience and non-conve- nience foods. American Journal of Agricultural Eco- nomics, 67(4), 862-869. source
- Interpretationreasoning
Awareness of ready-to-cook products through social media is relatively very low.
“which shows that there is relatively very less awareness through social media.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Study design and conductown data
The study is slightly confined to Millennial consumers.
“The study is slightly confined to Millennial.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationreasoning
The study cannot be generalized to all other generations and all areas of consumers.
“So, this study cannot be generalized to all other generations and all areas of consumers.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Premisecitation
Singles prefer ready-to-cook foods because of convenience, ease, and variety.
“When it comes to single's, they prefer them because of the convenience, ease, and variety [18].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [18] 18. Thienhirun, S., & Chung, S. (2018). Consumer attitudes and preferences toward cross-cultural ready- to-eat (RTE) food. Journal of Food Products Market- ing, 24(1), 56-79. source
- Interpretationcitation
Younger generations, specifically students and private employees, preferred ready-to-cook products.
“Hence, we can say that younger generations (students, private employees) prefer ready-to-cook food products [16].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [16] 16. Srinivasan, S., & Shende, K. M. (2016). A Study on The Benefits of Convenience Foods To Non-Working Women. source
- Interpretationown data
For understanding satisfaction with branded ready-to-cook products, it is preferable to use the model with three satisfaction levels.
“Hence, for understanding people's satisfaction levels for branded ready-to-cook products, it is preferable to use the model with the first case.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationreasoning
Lower-income groups preferred ready-to-cook products in order to reduce cooking time and cooking cost.
“Hence, this objective is valid because the consumption is higher in lower-income people, which implies that lower-income groups of people prefer ready-to-cook food products to reduce cooking time and the cost of cooking.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Study design and conductnone given
Most consumers belong to urban regions and Tier 1 cities.
“Most of the consumers belong to the urban region and Tier 1 cities.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationreasoning
Customers who do not prefer ready-to-cook products lack trust in the category or companies.
“So, they lack only the trust concerning this category by the companies.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Study design and conductnone given
The maximum number of respondents is less than 30 years old.
“The maximum number of respondents is less than 30 years.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationcitation
Male respondents were more interested in consuming ready-to-cook products than female respondents.
“Hence, we can say that Male respondents are more interested in consuming these products when compared to female respondents [15].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [15] 15. Shyam, R. (2019). Exploring uncontested markets with blue ocean strategy in convenience food busi- ness-a case of id fresh food. Journal of the Internation- al Academy for Case Studies, 25(1), 1-7.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationown data
For understanding satisfaction with ready-to-cook products, it is preferable to use the model with three satisfaction levels.
“Hence, for understanding people's satisfaction levels for ready-to-cook products, it is preferable to use the model with the first case.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Study design and conductnone given
The study is majorly based on consumers who already consume ready-to-cook food products.
“This study is majorly based on the ones who already consume ready-to-cook food products”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
- The quote only partly states this claim. 2
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 15
- May combine two claims. 11
The quote only partly states this claim.
FindingreasoningFactors play a key role in the satisfaction level for purchasing ready-to-cook food products.
“Hence”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: Statistical significance of a factor in the ordinal logistic regression indicates that the factor is important in consumer behavior.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingnone givenAlmost all customers who do not prefer ready-to-cook products are aware of the brands and their products.
“Though there are many reasons for some customers not to prefer ready-to-cook food products, almost all of them are aware of the brands and their products.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). The quote only partly states this claim.
Findingown dataChildren's presence at home did not show any difference in buying patterns of ready-to-cook products.
“Children's effect at home did not show any difference in the buying patterns of ready-to-cook food products because of the limited data.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataMaking food at home, health cautiousness, and quality of ready-to-cook products are the major factors affecting purchase and consumption.
“Among all the factors, major ones like making food at home, health cautious, and the quality of readyto-cook food products affect the most in buying and consuming these products.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataThe largest share of respondents (41%) consumed ready-to-cook products once or twice a week, followed by 25% who consumed them once or twice a month.
“According to Figure 1, the consumption patterns per month show that maximum respondents (41%) prefer to consume ready-to-cook food products Once/ Twice a week and then prefer to consume Once/Twice a Month (25%).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataRespondents earning 60,000 per month or less consumed ready-to-cook products in larger numbers and mostly once or twice a week.
“the below-given Figure 3 depicts that the respondents of income level 60,000 per month or less than that are consuming in larger numbers.They prefer mostly to consume Once/Twice a week.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
FindingreasoningFactors play a key role in satisfaction level for choosing a particular brand of ready-to-cook food products.
“Hence”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: Statistical significance of a factor in the ordinal logistic regression indicates that the factor is important in consumer behavior.
May combine two claims.
Findingown dataOf 302 survey respondents, 263 (87%) consumed ready-to-cook products, while 39 (13%) did not.
“Among the total 302 respondents, only 263(87%) consume Ready-to-cook food products.In contrast, the other 39(13%) respondents have no interest in its consumption.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationThe Indian ready-to-cook food market was forecast to grow at a compound annual rate above 18% by the close of 2024.
“According to the Indian RTC Market Outlook, the total market of ready-to-cook food products is expected to grow with a CAGR of more than 18% by the end of 2024.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Indian RTC Market Outlook
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationConsumer behavior is important for tracking ready-to-cook product use across age groups and occupations and for understanding interests and brand choice.
“For ready-to-cook food products, consumer behavior plays a crucial role in tracing out the usage of products among the varied age group and professions and the reasons behind their interests and brand selection [1].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Agarwal, V. (2015). A Study on Feasibility of multi-Level Marketing Model for Ready to Cook/Eat Food Products.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationTime-saving, ease and economy, brand image, low price, frozen-food availability, variety, and attractive packaging are factors that shape perceptions and choices of ready-to-cook products.
“Certain factors determine perception about ready-to-cook food products and selection of these food products and companies of these products should focus on those factors like time-saving, easy and economic, brand image, low price, and availability of frozen foods, variety and attractive packaging to increase their demand among the city dwellers [4].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [4] 4. Goyal, A., & Singh, N. P. (2007). Consumer per- ception about fast food in India: an exploratory study. British Food Journal. source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationDemand quantity for convenience products depends mainly on income levels and demographic characteristics.
“The quantity demand for convenience products mostly depends on their income levels and their demographic variants [5].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [5] 5. Islam, N., Tahsin, N., Tarrannum, N., Salihee, R. Z., Tarannum, S., & Sujana, J. T. M. (2019). Factors Influencing the Consumers' Perceptions Towards Frozen and Ready-to-Cook Food Products in Bangla- desh. In Proceedings of the 1st Global International Conference. source
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
PremisecitationAccording to NSSO, Indians worked an average of 54 hours per week.
“According to a National survey sample office (NSSO), Indians work 54 hours a week on average, which means they work almost nine hours a week, approximately excluding a weekend.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites NSSO
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationGrofers reported a 31% rise in orders for ready-made mixes and meals.
“According to the online grocery delivery service Grofers there is a 31% increase in the purchasing orders of readymade mixes and meals.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [2] 2. Capps Jr., O., Tedford, J. R., & Havlicek Jr., J. (1985). Household demand for convenience and non-conve- nience foods. American Journal of Agricultural Eco- nomics, 67(4), 862-869. source
May combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningID Fresh Foods has many trustworthy customers but lower popularity than MTR and ITC because it is a newer company.
“Some of the brands like ID Fresh foods have many trustworthy customers.However, there is lacking in popularity of the brand as it is a budding company compared to MTR and ITC.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationID Fresh Foods recorded a 60% increase in paratha sales and a 20% increase in paneer and idly batter over the three months ending in June compared with the prior quarter.
“In the span of three months to the end of June, ID Fresh foods have seen a rise of 60% compared with the previous quarter in the paratha's sale and a 20% jump in pannier and idly batter.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [2] 2. Capps Jr., O., Tedford, J. R., & Havlicek Jr., J. (1985). Household demand for convenience and non-conve- nience foods. American Journal of Agricultural Eco- nomics, 67(4), 862-869. source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationMTR Foods reported a 20% rise in the same category during that period.
“Moreover, according to MTR Foods Company, there is a 20% increase in the same category during this period.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [2] 2. Capps Jr., O., Tedford, J. R., & Havlicek Jr., J. (1985). Household demand for convenience and non-conve- nience foods. American Journal of Agricultural Eco- nomics, 67(4), 862-869. source
May combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningParents want to buy ready-to-cook foods for their children but are hesitant about health benefits.
“Through this, we can say that though parents want to buy ready-to-cook foods for their children, they are hesitant about the health benefits.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: Differences in consumption frequency between families with and without children are explained by parental concern about health benefits.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationCustomers who come to trust a brand remain loyal to it.
“Hence, once the customers believe that a brand is trustable, they will always be loyal [9].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [9] 9. Munjal, N. (2019). Consumers' Expectations To- wards Ready-to-Cook Food-An Empirical Study of Delhi/NCR. Recent Trends in Decision Sciences and Their Implications for Business, 99.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
InterpretationcitationHigher-income consumers ate fewer ready-to-cook products because they were health conscious and wanted to limit preservative intake.
“Most of the higher-income people are health conscious.Hence, they prefer very less of these products than younger and fewer people to reduce the intake of preservative food [17].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [17] 17. Sundaram, N. (2012). A market study on key de- terminants of Ready-to-eat/cook products concerning tier-I cities in Southern India. ZENITH International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(6), 168-180.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Rests on an assumption: Most higher-income people are health conscious.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationRed Seer Consulting and research reported a 61% rise in consumer spending on home-cooking products.
“According to Red Seer Consulting and research, there has been a 61% increase in consumer spending on home-cooking products [2].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [2] 2. Capps Jr., O., Tedford, J. R., & Havlicek Jr., J. (1985). Household demand for convenience and non-conve- nience foods. American Journal of Agricultural Eco- nomics, 67(4), 862-869. source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone givenThe study is majorly based on youth and married couples.
“This study is majorly based on youth and married couples.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Study design and conductnone givenThe data collected in this analysis is limited.
“As the data collected in this analysis is limited”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
PremisecitationA health-aware niche of ready-to-cook customers buys healthy convenience products and bases decisions on ingredients, contents, and packaging quality.
“Among the customers of ready-to-cook food products, there is a niche category of highly aware of these products' health impacts.Hence, they are interested in buying healthy convenience products.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [8] 8. Manivel, D. (2019). Buying behavior of consum- ers towards instant food products concerning Karur town.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
The paper relies on this without support.
Ready-to-cook product consumption in India rose sharply after urbanization.
“In India, the consumption of ready-to-cook products increased drastically after urbanization.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The convenience sample of 302 respondents was random and representative of the Indian ready-to-cook consumer population.
“The sampling design of the research work adopted is convenience sampling which helps in selecting the respondents randomly.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Most higher-income people are health conscious.
“Most of the higher-income people are health conscious.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Questionnaire responses accurately reflected respondents' actual consumption behavior and satisfaction.
“Data used is collected from the 302 respondents by sending the questionnaire.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The survey responses accurately reflect respondents' actual ready-to-cook food purchasing and consumption behavior.
“Descriptive statistics, Correlation, Ordinal logistic regression methods are employed to understand and analyze the collected data.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The factors included in the ordinal logistic regression models capture the relevant determinants of consumer satisfaction.
“The Ordinal logistic regression model is run on the whole data by considering all factors to determine the significant variables that affect consumers' satisfaction levels when they purchase ready-to-cook food products.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Differences in consumption frequency between families with and without children are explained by parental concern about health benefits.
“Through this, we can say that though parents want to buy ready-to-cook foods for their children, they are hesitant about the health benefits.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Statistical significance of a factor in the ordinal logistic regression indicates that the factor is important in consumer behavior.
“Hence, these significant variables are the important factors that play a key role in consumer behavior for purchasing ready-to-cook food products.”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Model 2 calls packaging significant despite its p-value
MajorPackaging is reported as significant at 90% confidence, but Table 2 gives it a p-value of 0.1062353, above the 0.10 threshold.
“Store & Packaging and those three are also significant at 90% confidence interval [20].”
“| Packaging | | 0.3015573 | 0.1866825 | 1.6153485 | | 1.062353e-01 | |”
The conclusion states a different study aim
MajorThe conclusion identifies the study as examining repurchase of ready-made frozen food through product experience and cooking habits. The stated objectives instead concern consumption patterns and satisfaction with ready-to-cook products; no repurchase objective is listed.
“The aim of this study is to determine the factors that influence the repurchase of ready-made frozen food based on product experience and food cooking habits.”
“This study is made to understand consumer behavior and their satisfaction levels regarding ready-tocook food products.”
Model 1 understates the significance of store and availability
MinorThe text contrasts store and availability at 90% confidence with factors at 95%. Table 1 gives store and availability p-values of 0.0116 and 0.0409, respectively, so both also meet the 95% threshold.
“Consumption, Quality, and Discounts are significant at 95% confidence interval, whereas Store & Availability, along with those three factors, are also significant at 90% confidence interval.”
“| Store | | -0.3532638 | 0.1400145 | -2.5230511 | 1.163415e-02 | | | Quality | | 0.6568170 | 0.1853490 | 3.5436777 | 3.945873e-04 | | | Availability | | 0.3916315 | 0.1915080 | 2.0449872 | 4.085612e-02 | |”
Weekly working hours are stated two different ways
MinorThe passage gives an average of 54 hours per week, then describes it as almost nine hours per week. Those weekly totals cannot both describe the same average.
“Indians work 54 hours a week on average”
“they work almost nine hours a week, approximately excluding a weekend.”
Model 2 understates the significance of store
MinorThe text places store in the 90% confidence group rather than the 95% group. Table 2 reports a store p-value of 0.03340951, which meets the 95% threshold.
“Consumption, Taste, and Discounts are significant at a 95% confidence interval.In contrast, Store & Packaging and those three are also significant at 90% confidence interval [20].”
“| Store | | -0.2953487 | 0.1388486 | -2.1271273 | 3.340951e-02 | |”
Cites
Measuring Market Power in the Ready-to-Eat Cereal Industry
Nevo, A. (1998) · Econometrica · doi:10.1111/1468-0262.00194 · Cited by 2,142 · see citing works
Consumer perception about fast food in India: an exploratory study
Goyal, A., & Singh, N. P. (2007) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/00070700710725536 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Household Demand for Convenience and Nonconvenience Foods
Capps, O., Tedford, J. R., & Havlicek, J. (1985) · American Journal of Agricultural Economics · doi:10.2307/1241827 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Factors influencing consumers’ to Take Ready-made Frozen Food
Sen, S., Antara, N., & Sen, S. (2019) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00201-4 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Consumer Attitudes and Preferences toward Cross-Cultural Ready-To-Eat (RTE) Food
Thienhirun, S., & Chung, S. (2018) · Journal of Food Products Marketing · doi:10.1080/10454446.2016.1266544 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Consumer Behavior towards Ready-to-Eat (RTE) Market: A Study of MTR Foods
Chaurasiya, R., Pandey, R., Verma, P., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Applied Business and International Management · doi:10.32535/ijabim.v5i2.859 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Islam, N. (2019) · Nepalese Journal of Management Science and Research · doi:10.53056/njmsr-2019.001.1 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Shyam, R., & Geevarathna (2019) · Journal of the International Academy of Case Studies · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Shyam, R., & Dr.Geevarathna (2019) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.6427182 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
PURCHASE DECISION OF THE CONSUMERS TOWARDS INSTANT FOOD PRODUCTS
Lilly, J. D. (2014) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
PhD, N. I. (2016) · Nepalese Journal of Management Science and Research · doi:10.53056/njmsr-2016001.14 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
A Study on the Benefits of Convenience Foods to Non-Working Women
Srinivasan, S., & Shende, K. M. (2016) · ATITHYA: A Journal of Hospitality · doi:10.21863/atithya/2016.2.1.020 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Convenience food buying behaviour of consumers in Coimbatore city
MURUGANANTHI, D., & SIVAKUMAR, S. D. (2014) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMERCE AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT · doi:10.15740/has/ijcbm/7.2/238-242
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- [6]6. Jafersadhiq, A. (2004). A study on buying behav- ior on instant food products at Coimbatore. Research Script International Journal of Management and Hu- manities, 1(1).
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Divakar, L., & Patil, S. S. (2026) · Food and Humanity · doi:10.1016/j.foohum.2026.101255
- Authors
- Ganapathiraju, M., & Fernandes, S.
- Affiliations
- Symbiosis International University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Fernandes, S.
- ORCID
- Fernandes, S.
- Venue
- CARDIOMETRY
- Publisher
- RosNOU
- Published
- 2022-08-20
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 728-740
- ISSN
- 2304-7232 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4297808638
- Semantic Scholar
- dc017161369b65cc3b89215271039782f9b8963a
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cardiometry (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Consumer Behavior and Marketing Influence
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- convenience foods, consumer behavior, customer satisfaction, purchase behavior, product quality, discounts, packaging, age groups, urbanization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Claims read by deepseek-v4.1-flash under definition version 3 (extract-v3) on 2026-09-28.
Classified by jev-1.13-20260917 (gold-guideline-v0.2) on 2026-09-28.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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