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Cited by 23Ovarian function and disordersFatty Acid Research and HealthDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Open access
Xia, Yidan, Wang, Yan, Cui, Manman, Su, Dan·2021·Annals of Palliative Medicine
DOI 10.21037/apm-21-1050
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is a close relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and omega-3 fatty acids may have a key role in improving cardiovascular risk factors. We conducted the current systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with PCOS. METHODS: We searched 4 databases including PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to February 2021. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported the effects of omega-3 fatty acid treatment for PCOS. According to the Cochrane system evaluation guide manual, 2 researchers independently assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. We pooled results using either a fixed effect model or random effect model. RESULTS: We identified 314 articles, of which 10 met the criteria for inclusion, involving 778 participants. The pooled results suggested an association between the supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids and a reduction in serum insulin [-2.58 pmol/L, 95% confidence interval (CI): -3.34 to -1.82 pmol/L, P<0.00001, I2=0], homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (-0.57, 95% CI: -0.75 to -0.40 L, P<0.00001, I2=2%), serum total cholesterol (TC) (-6.87 mg/dL, 95% CI: -10.28 to -3.47 mg/dL, P<0.0001, I2=95%), serum triglyceride (-4.03 mg/dL, 95% CI: -5.53 to -2.52 mg/dL, P<0.00001, I2=97%), serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (-6.64 mg/dL, 95% CI: -11.58 to -1.70 mg/dL, P=0.008, I2=99%), serum very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) (-3.29 mg/L, 95% CI: -6.54 to -0.05 mg/L, P=0.05, I2=72%), serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (-8.97mg/dL, 95% CI: -17.66 to -0.28 mg/dL, P=0.04, I2=99%), an improvement in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (2.94 mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.63 to 5.26 mg/dL, P=0.01, I2=87%), but no effect on serum glucose (-0.76 mg/dL, 95% CI: -1.71 to 0.19 mg/dL, P=0.12, I2=73%) was found. DISCUSSION: The current meta-analysis demonstrated that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for women with PCOS resulted in a statistical improvement in insulin, HOMA-IR, TC, triglyceride, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and HDL-C, but did not affect serum glucose. The limitation of this paper is due to the lack of included research literature.

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  • These studies also highlight that there is only a modest or no effect of n-3 PUFA in weight loss in these women.

    “these studies also highlight that there is only a modest or no effect of n-3 PUFA in weight loss in these women.”

    From Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Improving Metabolic Dysfunctions in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [66]

  • Another meta-analysis of 10 randomized controlled trials, including 778 women with PCOS, showed a reduction in serum hs-CRP following n-3 PUFA supplementation.

    “Another meta-analysis of 10 randomized controlled trials, including 778 women with PCOS, also showed a reduction in serum hs-CRP following n-3 PUFA supplementation [66].”

    From Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Improving Metabolic Dysfunctions in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [66]

  • Most clinical studies and meta-analyses consistently show that n-3 PUFAs are beneficial in improving insulin resistance and dyslipidemia associated with PCOS.

    “While most clinical studies (Table 2) and meta-analyses [13,64,65,66] summarizing data from those studies consistently show that n-3 PUFAs are beneficial in improving insulin resistance and dyslipidemia associated with PCOS”

    From Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Improving Metabolic Dysfunctions in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [66]

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Authors
Xia, Y., Wang, Y., Cui, M., & Su, D.
Affiliations
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
Corresponding author
  • Cui, Manman
  • Su, Dan
ORCID
Venue
Annals of Palliative Medicine
Publisher
AME Publishing Company
Published
2021-06
Volume
10
Issue
6
Pages
6425-6437
ISSN
  • 2224-5820 (ISSN-L)
  • 2224-5839
DOI
10.21037/apm-21-1050
OpenAlex
W3176304547
Cited by
23
References
30
Citations by year
2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 1
FWCI
0.74
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-nd
Locations
  • Annals of Palliative Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords
omega-3 fatty acids, polycystic ovary syndrome, cardiovascular risk factors, insulin resistance, HOMA-IR, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, HDL2, HDL3, HDL2/HDL3 ratio
MeSH terms
Heart Disease Risk Factors, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Dietary Supplements

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