Treatment for 2 mo with n 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces adiposity and some atherogenic factors but does not improve insulin sensitivity in women with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled study
Open accessAbstract
Background Information is lacking on the potential effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the adipose tissue of patients with type 2 diabetes.Objective We evaluated whether n-3 PUFAs have additional effects on adiposity, insulin sensitivity, adipose tissue function (production of adipokines and inflammatory and atherogenic factors), and gene expression in type 2 diabetes.Design Twenty-seven women with type 2 diabetes without hypertriglyceridemia were randomly allocated in a double-blind parallel design to 2 mo of 3 g/d of either fish oil (1.8 g n-3 PUFAs) or placebo (paraffin oil).Results Although body weight and energy intake measured by use of a food diary were unchanged, total fat mass (P < 0.019) and subcutaneous adipocyte diameter (P < 0.0018) were lower in the fish oil group than in the placebo group. Insulin sensitivity was not significantly different between the 2 groups (measured by homeostasis model assessment in all patients and by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp in a subgroup of 5 patients per group). By contrast, atherogenic risk factors, including plasma triacylglycerol (P < 0.03), the ratio of triacylglycerol to HDL cholesterol (atherogenic index, P < 0.03), and plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (P < 0.01), were lower in the fish oil group than in the placebo group. In addition, a subset of inflammation-related genes was reduced in subcutaneous adipose tissue after the fish oil, but not the placebo, treatment.Conclusions A moderate dose of n-3 PUFAs for 2 mo reduced adiposity and atherogenic markers without deterioration of insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Some adipose tissue inflammation-related genes were also reduced. These beneficial effects could be linked to morphologic and inflammatory changes in adipose tissue. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0037.
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“• Jacobo-Cejudo et al. (2017) [6]: diabetic patients with a BMI ≤ 30 showed a significant decrease in waist circumference ( p = 0.001); • Kabir et al. (2007) [9]: significant decreases in total fat mass were observed in diabetic, overweight, post-menopausal women treated with fish oil.”
Influential
- Authors
- Kabir, M., Skurnik, G., Naour, N., Pechtner, V., Meugnier, E., Rome, S., Quignard-Boulangé, A., Vidal, H., Slama, G., Clément, K., Guerre-Millo, M., & Rizkalla, S. W.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Rizkalla, Salwa W
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-12
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1670-1679
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2105137212
- Cited by
- 316
- References
- 55
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- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 14.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
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- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Les Laboratories Pierre Fabre
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil supplementation, type 2 diabetes, adiposity, insulin sensitivity, subcutaneous adipose tissue, adipocyte size, atherogenic risk factors, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, triglycerides, adipose tissue inflammation, inflammatory gene expression, women
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Body Weight, Cholesterol, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Double-Blind Method, Female, Fish Oils, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Middle Aged, Triglycerides, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Subcutaneous Fat, Adipokines
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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