Cited by 250Opioid Use Disorder TreatmentSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesHIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk

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Saved by the Nose: Bystander-Administered Intranasal Naloxone Hydrochloride for Opioid Overdose

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Doe-Simkins, Maya, Walley, Alexander Y., Epstein, Andy, Moyer, Peter·2009·American Journal of Public Health

DOI 10.2105/ajph.2008.146647PMC PMC2667836

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Abstract

Administering naloxone hydrochloride (naloxone) during an opioid overdose reverses the overdose and can prevent death. Although typically delivered via intramuscular or intravenous injection, naloxone may be delivered via intranasal spray device. In August 2006, the Boston Public Health Commission passed a public health regulation that authorized an opioid overdose prevention program that included intranasal naloxone education and distribution of the spray to potential bystanders. Participants were taught by trained nonmedical needle exchange staff. After 15 months, the program provided training and intranasal naloxone to 385 participants who reported 74 successful overdose reversals. Problems with intranasal naloxone were uncommon. Overdose prevention education with distribution of intranasal naloxone is a feasible public health intervention to address opioid overdose.

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Authors: Doe-Simkins, M., Walley, A. Y., Epstein, A., & Moyer, P.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
ORCID: Doe-Simkins, Maya
Walley, Alexander Y.
Venue: American Journal of Public Health
Publisher: American Public Health Association
Published: 2009-05
Volume: 99
Issue: 5
Pages: 788-791
ISSN: 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
1541-0048
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2008.146647
PMC: PMC2667836
OpenAlex: W2160243203
Cited by: 250
References: 25
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 9.37
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Keywords: intranasal naloxone, opioid overdose, overdose reversal, bystander intervention, public health regulation, harm reduction, opioid use disorder
MeSH terms: Administration, Intranasal, Adult, Emergency Medical Services, Female, Humans, Male, Naloxone, Narcotic Antagonists, Opioid-Related Disorders, Risk Factors, Program Evaluation, Needle-Exchange Programs, Drug Overdose

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Saved by the Nose: Bystander-Administered Intranasal Naloxone Hydrochloride for Opioid Overdose

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