The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Religion and mortality among the community-dwelling elderly.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed the prospective association between attending religious services and all-cause mortality to determine whether the association is explainable by 6 confounding factors: demographics, health status, physical functioning, health habits, social functioning and support, and psychological state. METHODS: The association between self-reported religious attendance and subsequent mortality over 5 years for 1931 older residents of Marin County, California, was examined by proportional hazards regression. Interaction terms of religion with social support were used to explore whether other forms of social support could substitute for religion and diminish its protective effect. RESULTS: Persons who attended religious services had lower mortality than those who did not (age- and sex-adjusted relative hazard [RH] = 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.52, 0.78). Multivariate adjustment reduced this relationship only slightly (RH = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.62, 0.94), primarily by including physical functioning and social support. Contrary to hypothesis, religious attendance tended to be slightly more protective for those with high social support. CONCLUSIONS: Lower mortality rates for those who attend religious services are only partly explained by the 6 possible confounders listed above. Psychodynamic and other explanations need further investigation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Of the nine best studies, five (56%) reported lower cholesterol [311–313] or a lowering of cholesterol in response to a R/S intervention [314, 315], whereas one found higher cholesterol (but only in Mexican American men) [316].”
From Religion, Spirituality, and Health: The Research and Clinical Implications (2012) · cites this paper as [312]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
Social Relationships and Health
House, J. S., Landis, K. R., & Umberson, D. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3399889 · Cited by 7,073
From the New York Times Magazine
Minsky, & Hyman, P. (1979) · Cited by 6,899
The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure
Goldberg, L. R. (1992) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.26 · Cited by 5,530
Personal religious orientation and prejudice.
Āllport, G. W., & Ross, J. M. (1967) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0021212 · Cited by 4,177
Religion and spirituality: unfuzzying the fuzzy
Zinnbauer, B. J., Pargament, K. I., Cole, B., Rye, M. S., Butter, E. M., Belavich, T. G., Hipp, K. M., Scott, A. B., & Kadar, J. L. (1997) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.2307/1387689 · Cited by 1,543
HOUSE, J. S., ROBBINS, C., & METZNER, H. L. (1982) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113387 · Cited by 1,381
Social Ties and Susceptibility to the Common Cold
Heeler, R. M. (1997) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03550150035019 · Cited by 1,300
Rosen, G. (1958) · Johns Hopkins University Press eBooks · doi:10.1037/11322-000 · Cited by 1,239
Social Ties and Susceptibility to the Common Cold
Cohen, S. (1997) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03540480040036 · Cited by 1,238
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Koenig HG. Is Religion Goodfor Your Health? The Effects ofReligion on Physical and Mental Health. New York, NY: Haworth Pastoral Press; 1997.
- Durkheim E. Suicide, a Study in Sociology. Glencoe, Ill: Free Press; 1951.
- Midlarsky E, Kahana E. Predictors of helping and well-being in older adults: a crosssectional survey research project. In: Altruism in Later Life. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage; 1994:126-188.
- Levin JS, 1993, Advances., 9, 54
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review
Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., & Layton, J. B. (2010) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316 · Cited by 7,272
“…1993 [130] 974 41 Denmark 10 y All-cause Structural p 0.42 0.12 Olsen et al., 1991 [131] 1,637 79 Denmark 15 y 6m All-cause Combined p 0.14 0.11 Oman and Reed, 1998 [132] 2,023 75 USA 5 y 7 m All-cause Structural P 0.20 0.11 Orrell et al., 2000 [133] 60 80 UK 3 y All-cause Combined p 0.62…”
InfluentialReligion, Spirituality, and Health: The Research and Clinical Implications
Koenig, H. G. (2012) · ISRN Psychiatry · doi:10.5402/2012/278730 · Cited by 2,423
“[318] D.”
BackgroundSpirituality, religion, and health: An emerging research field.
Miller, W. R., & Thoresen, C. E. (2003) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.58.1.24 · Cited by 1,437
Handbook of Religion and Health
Koenig, H. G., VanderWeele, T. J., & Peteet, J. R. (2023) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190088859.001.0001 · Cited by 1,160
Religion and spirituality: Linkages to physical health.
Powell, L. H., Shahabi, L., & Thoresen, C. E. (2003) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.58.1.36 · Cited by 1,093
Metadata
- Authors
- Oman, D., & Reed, D.
- Affiliations
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging (US)
- ORCID
- Oman, D
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 1998-10
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1469-1475
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- PMC
- PMC1508463
- OpenAlex
- W2035699317
- Cited by
- 350
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 15.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Religion and Society Interactions
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- religious service attendance, mortality, older adults, community-dwelling older adults, social support, physical function, health status, health habits, psychological state, confounding factors, Marin County
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, California, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Prospective Studies, Religion, Religion and Medicine, Religion and Psychology, Social Support, Health Behavior, Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic, Proportional Hazards Models
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
