A composite reference section for terminal Proterozoic strata of southern Namibia
Abstract
Integrated sequence stratigraphic and chemostratigraphic data yield a framework for correlations of stratigraphic units in the terminal Proterozoic to Cambrian Witvlei and Nama Groups of Namibia. Coupled with precise U-Pb zircon age constraints, these correlations make it possible to construct a composite reference section for use in calibrating terminal Proterozoic chronostratigraphy. The Namibian reference section starts with two distinct glacial horizons and extends up to within 1 million years of the Proterozoic-Cambrian boundary. The two glacial horizons may represent each of two distinct Varanger-age glaciations better known from the North Atlantic region. From the higher of the two glacial horizons up, the composite stratigraphy preserves one of the thickest and most complete available records of carbon-isotope variability in post-Varanger terminal Proterozoic seawater. Four carbon-isotope chemostratigraphic intervals are recognized: (1) a postglacial negative delta 13C excursion (Npg interval); (2) a rising interval (Pr interval) of increasing positive delta 13C values; (3) a falling interval (Pf interval) characterized by decreasing positive delta 13C and culminating in near zero or negative values; and (4) an interval of moderately positive, relatively invariant delta 13C values (I interval) that extends up to the unconformity that contains the Proterozoic-Cambrian boundary. Each of these chemostratigraphic intervals can be recognized in widely separated correlative sections around the world. By comparing sediment accumulation rate in the radiometrically calibrated Namibian stratigraphy with sediment accumulation rates in correlative sections in Arctic Canada and Oman, a maximum age of 564 Ma is estimated for the end of the younger Varanger glaciation, 25 m.y. younger than previous estimates.
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The Doushantuo Formation age must fall within the range 570 ± 20 Ma.
“The age of the Doushantuo Fm could be as old as 580 Ma (26), and pending direct measurement, its age must fall within the range 570 ± 20 Ma (27) [Saylor et al. (34) argue that it is toward the younger end of this range].”
From Precambrian animal diversity: Putative phosphatized embryos from the Doushantuo Formation of China (2000) · cites this paper as [34]
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BIOLOGICAL INFLUENCES ON SEAFLOOR CARBONATE PRECIPITATION
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- Authors
- Saylor, B. Z., Kaufman, A. J., Grotzinger, J. P., & Urban, F.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Sedimentary Research
- Publisher
- Society for Sedimentary Geology
- Published
- 1998-11-01
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1223-1235
- ISSN
- 0022-4472 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-3681
- 1527-1404
- OpenAlex
- W2126802403
- Cited by
- 256
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 12.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Sedimentary Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Keywords
- Nama Group, carbon isotope stratigraphy, zircon U-Pb geochronology, chronostratigraphy, sediment accumulation rates, Namibia, Oman, Canadian Arctic
- MeSH terms
- Carbon Isotopes, Carbonates, Cold Climate, Fossils, Geology, Ice, Namibia, Seawater, Geologic Sediments, Evolution, Planetary, Geological Phenomena
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