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Cited by 45Toxic Organic Pollutants ImpactFire effects on ecosystemsEnvironmental and Analytical Chemistry Studies

Forest fertilization with wood ash: effect on the distribution and storage of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).

Bundt, Maya, Krauss, Martin, Blaser, Peter, Wilcke, Wolfgang·2001·Journal of Environmental Quality
DOI 10.2134/jeq2001.3041296x
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Abstract

Before wood ash can be safely used as a fertilizer in forests, possible negative effects such as input of organic contaminants or remobilization of contaminants already stored in the soil must be investigated. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of wood ash application on concentrations, storage, and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a Swiss forest soil. In May 1998, we added 8 Mg wood ash ha−1 to a forest soil. We determined 20 PAHs and 14 PCBs in the organic layer, in the bulk mineral soil, and in soil material taken from preferential flow paths and from the matrix before and after the wood ash application. In the control plots, the concentrations of PAHs in the organic layer indicated moderate pollution (sum of 20 PAHs: 0.8–1.6 mg kg−1), but sum of PCB concentrations was high (21–48 μg kg−1). The wood ash had high concentrations of PAHs (sum of 20 PAHs: 16.8 mg kg−1), but low concentrations of PCBs (sum of 14 PCBs: 3.4 μg kg−1). The wood ash application increased the PAH concentrations in the organic horizons up to sixfold. In contrast, PCB concentrations did not change in the Oa horizon and decreased up to one third in the Oi and Oe horizons. The decrease was probably caused by the mobilization of stored PCBs because of the high pH of the wood ash. This probably results in a higher mobility of dissolved organic matter, acting as PCB carrier. In the mineral soil, the preferential flow paths of the A horizon contained more PAHs and PCBs (+20 ± 15% and +43 ± 60%, respectively) than the matrix. This was particularly true for higher molecular weight compounds (molecular weight > 200 g mol−1). Below 50 cm depth, concentrations of PAHs and PCBs were smaller in the preferential flow paths, suggesting that in deeper depths, processes acting as sinks dominated over inputs in the preferential flow paths.

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  • Ash studies of beech and similar species were dominated by Naph and by Benzo(ghi)perylen, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Chry, Triphenylene and Phe but at lower concentrations.

    “Ash studies of beech and similar species (Bundt et al. 2001) were dominated by Naph and by Benzo(ghi)perylen, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Chry, Triphenylene and Phe but at lower concentrations.”

    From Chemical composition of wildfire ash produced in contrasting ecosystems and its toxicity to Daphnia magna (2019) · cites this paper as Bundt et al. 2001

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Authors
Bundt, M., Krauss, M., Blaser, P., & Wilcke, W.
Affiliations
  • Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (CH)
  • University of Bayreuth (DE)
Corresponding author
Bundt, Maya
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Environmental Quality
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2001-01
Volume
30
Issue
4
Pages
1296-1304
ISSN
  • 0047-2425 (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-2537
DOI
10.2134/jeq2001.3041296x
OpenAlex
W2025951344
Cited by
45
References
42
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1
FWCI
2.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 181 d)
Locations
  • Journal of Environmental Quality (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DORA WSL (Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Swiss Federal Agency for the Environment, Forests, and Landscape
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Studies
Keywords
wood ash, forest fertilization, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, soil contamination, contaminant remobilization, preferential flow paths, soil organic matter, soil pH, forest soils, organic soil horizons
MeSH terms
Conservation of Natural Resources, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollutants, Fertilizers, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Soil Pollutants, Solubility, Trees, Wood, Incineration

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