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Agricultural Management and Soil Carbon Storage in Surface vs. Deep Layers
Abstract
Soil C sequestration research has historically focused on the top 0 to 30 cm of the soil profile, ignoring deeper portions that might also respond to management. In this study we sampled soils along a 10‐treatment management intensity gradient to a 1‐m depth to test the hypothesis that C gains in surface soils are offset by losses lower in the profile. Treatments included four annual cropping systems in a corn ( Zea mays )‐soybean ( Glycine max )‐ wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) rotation, perennial alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ) and poplar ( Populus x euramericana ), and four unmanaged successional systems. The annual grain systems included conventionally tilled, no‐tillage, reduced‐input, and organic systems. Unmanaged treatments included a 12‐yr‐old early successional community, two 50‐yr‐old mid‐successional communities, and a mature forest never cleared for agriculture. All treatments were replicated three to six times and all cropping systems were 12 yr post‐establishment when sampled. Surface soil C concentrations and total C pools were significantly greater under no‐till, organic, early successional, never‐tilled mid‐successional, and deciduous forest systems than in the conventionally managed cropping system ( p ≤ 0.05, n = 3–6 replicate sites). We found no consistent differences in soil C at depth, despite intensive sampling (30–60 deep soil cores per treatment). Carbon concentrations in the B/Bt and Bt2/C horizons were lower and two and three times more variable, respectiv…
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“Mean C content for soils under a conventionally managed corn-soybean-wheat rotation, which is typical in the Upper Midwest, was 10.4 g C kg -1 soil”
From Impacts of soil carbon sequestration on life cycle greenhouse gas emissions in Midwestern USA beef finishing systems (2018) · cites this paper as Syswerda et al., 2011
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Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Emissions from Subsurface Soils of Agricultural Ecosystems
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Self-citationA wide view of no-tillage practices and soil organic carbon sequestration
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Xu, X. Y., Wu, Z., Dong, Y., Zhou, Z., & Xiong, Z. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep38688 · Cited by 45
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The importance of accounting method and sampling depth to estimate changes in soil carbon stocks
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Self-citationLong and Midterm Effect of Conservation Agriculture on Soil Properties in Dry Areas of Morocco
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Soil organic carbon sequestration calculated from depth distribution
Franzluebbers, A. J. (2020) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.1002/saj2.20176 · Cited by 42
Perennial grain on a Midwest Alfisol shows no sign of early soil carbon gain
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Self-citationDangal, S. R. S., Schwalm, C. R., Cavigelli, M. A., Gollany, H. T., Jin, V. L., & Sanderman, J. (2022) · Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems · doi:10.1029/2021ms002622 · Cited by 44
Soil depth and tillage can characterize the soil microbial responses to drying-rewetting
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Veum, K. S., Goyne, K. W., Kremer, R. J., & Motavalli, P. P. (2012) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.2136/sssaj2012.0089 · Cited by 40
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Prairie Strips and Lower Land Use Intensity Increase Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
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Long‐Term Continuous Corn and Nitrogen Fertilizer Effects on Productivity and Soil Properties
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Metadata
- Authors
- Syswerda, S. P., Corbin, A. T., Mokma, D. L., Kravchenko, A. N., & Robertson, G. P.
- Affiliations
- Michigan State University (US)
- Washington State Cooperative Extension Everett WA 98208‐6353
- Corresponding author
- Syswerda, S.P.
- Venue
- Soil Science Society of America Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-01
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 92-101
- ISSN
- 0361-5995 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-0661
- OpenAlex
- W2109503707
- Cited by
- 252
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 17.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Soil Science Society of America Journal (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Keywords
- soil carbon sequestration, soil depth, deep soil carbon, agricultural management, no-tillage, organic farming, conventional tillage, corn-soybean-wheat rotation, poplar, successional forest, carbon pools, soil horizons
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