OpenAI ChatGPT Generated Results: Similarity Index of Artificial Intelligence-Based Contents
Open accessAbstract
A recently developed artificial intelligence (AI) model to execute high-level cognitive tasks known as ChatGPT has been popular over the last months in the academic community. The feature raises questions regarding how ChatGPT may be used for academic dishonesty for students who generate essays and topics. The study discovered that ChatGPT poses a potential risk to the integrity of essay submissions, particularly in higher education settings where such requirements are standard. This study will check the similarity index of ChatGPT-generated results using Ouriginal by Turnitin and running in a paraphrasing tool. Research paper titles published by Pangasinan State University authors will be used in the chat session using ChatGPT. Results show that the generated results' similarity index passed the institution's required similarity index, which might threaten academic integrity. The institution may update its assessment methodology to avoid using such a model for cheating.
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AI-generated text often went undetected by plagiarism software, such as Turnitin.
“AI-generated text often went undetected by plagiarism software, such as Turnitin”
From A systematic literature review of empirical research on ChatGPT in education (2024) · cites this paper as [84]
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- Authors
- Ventayen, R. J. M.
- Affiliations
- Pangasinan State University (PH)
- Corresponding author
- Ventayen, Randy Joy Magno
- Venue
- Advances in intelligent systems and computing
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023
- Pages
- 215-226
- ISSN
- 2194-5357 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4384915881
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 30.32
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Advances in intelligent systems and computing (publishedVersion)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Academic integrity and plagiarism
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Keywords
- ChatGPT, large language models, academic integrity, academic dishonesty, similarity index, text similarity, plagiarism detection, Turnitin, paraphrase, research papers, essay writing, Pangasinan State University
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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