Reduction in cancer risk by selective and nonselective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors
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We conducted a series of epidemiologic studies to evaluate the chemopreventive effects of aspirin, ibuprofen, and selective cyxlooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors (coxibs) against cancers of the breast, colon, prostate, and lung. Composite results across all four cancer sites revealed that regular intake of 325 mg aspirin, 200 mg ibuprofen, or standard dosages of coxibs (200 mg celecoxib or 25 mg rofecoxib) produced risk reductions of 49%, 59%, and 64%, respectively. Use of coxibs for at least 2 years was associated with risk reductions of 71%, 70%, 55%, and 60% for breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer, respectively. Effects of ibuprofen were similar to selective coxibs, and slightly stronger than aspirin. These observed effects are consistent with the relative COX-2 selectivity of ibuprofen, coxibs, and aspirin. Acetaminophen, an analgesic without COX-2 activity, had no effect. Overexpression of COX-2 and increased prostaglandin biosynthesis correlates with carcinogenesis and metastasis at most anatomic sites. These results indicate that regular intake of nonselective or selective COX-2 inhibiting agents protects against the development of major forms of cancer.
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The intake of ibuprofen and aspirin has been associated with a reduction in the risk of developing cancer, in particular colon cancer, and possibly Alzheimer's disease because of preferentially reduced secretion of the highly amyloidogenic Abeta42 peptide.
“The intake of ibuprofen and aspirin has also been associated with a reduction in the risk of developing cancer, in particular colon cancer, and possibly Alzheimer’s disease because of preferentially reduced secretion of the highly amyloidogenic, Abeta42 peptide (62,63).”
From Health Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet: Metabolic and Molecular Mechanisms (2018) · cites this paper as [62]
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Health Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet: Metabolic and Molecular Mechanisms
Tosti, V., Bertozzi, B., & Fontana, L. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology: Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glx227 · Cited by 762 · see citing works
- Authors
- Harris, R., Beebe, & Alshafie
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Harris, Randall
- ORCID
- Harris, Randall
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2012-08
- Volume
- 4
- Pages
- 91
- ISSN
- 1179-1454 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4863307
- OpenAlex
- W2043719434
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Pharmacology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Curcumin's Biomedical Applications
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Keywords
- COX-2 inhibitors, aspirin, ibuprofen, celecoxib, rofecoxib, chemoprevention, breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, COX-2 selectivity, paracetamol, prostaglandin synthesis, carcinogenesis, metastasis
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