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Cited by 45Muscle metabolism and nutritionCardiovascular and exercise physiologySports Performance and Training

Protein metabolism and endurance exercise

Gibala, Martin J·2007·Sports Medicine
DOI 10.2165/00007256-200737040-00016
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Abstract

Prolonged endurance exercise stimulates whole-body protein turnover (synthesis and degradation) but it remains contentious whether this translates into an increased net protein oxidation or dietary requirement for protein. Skeletal muscle is the major energy consumer during exercise and the oxidation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) is increased several-fold, suggesting an increased requirement for fuel. Increased BCAA oxidation has been proposed to impair aerobic energy provision during prolonged exercise, but there is little evidence to support this theory. Endurance training blunts the acute exercise-induced increase in whole-body protein turnover and skeletal BCAA oxidation at a given work intensity. However, training also increases the maximal capacity for skeletal muscle BCAA oxidation, as evidenced by a higher maximal activity of the rate-determining enzyme branched-chain oxo acid dehydrogenase. Exercise-induced changes in protein metabolism are affected by nutritional status, with high carbohydrate availability (as typically practiced by endurance athletes) generally associated with reduced net protein utilisation. Ingestion of protein with carbohydrate improves net protein balance during exercise and recovery compared with carbohydrate alone, but it remains to be determined whether this practice facilitates the adaptive response to chronic training.

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Crossref · 10.2165/00007256-200737040-00016

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  • The contribution from protein is not negligible, as evidenced by profound alterations in whole body protein metabolism and amino acid kinetics in response to exercise that consequently regulate fuel metabolism and the adaptive response to training.

    “but by no means is the contribution from protein negligible, as evidenced by the profound alterations in whole body protein metabolism and amino acid kinetics in response to exercise that consequently regulate fuel metabolism and the adaptive response to training [166,168,169,170].”

    From Regulation of Energy Substrate Metabolism in Endurance Exercise (2021) · cites this paper as [168]

  • The activity of BCOAD was shown to be elevated from the transition from rest to exercise, implying an analogous increase in BCAA oxidation by the working skeletal muscle.

    “The activity of BCOAD was shown to be elevated from the transition from rest to exercise, implying an analogous increase in BCAA oxidation by the working skeletal muscle [168,173].”

    From Regulation of Energy Substrate Metabolism in Endurance Exercise (2021) · cites this paper as [168]

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Authors
Gibala, M. J.
Affiliations
McMaster University (CA)
Corresponding author
Gibala, Martin J
ORCID
Gibala, Martin J
Venue
Sports Medicine
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2007
Volume
37
Issue
4
Pages
337-340
ISSN
0112-1642 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2165/00007256-200737040-00016
OpenAlex
W1988957363
Cited by
45
References
11
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI
1.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords
protein metabolism, endurance exercise, protein turnover, branched-chain amino acids, amino acid oxidation, skeletal muscle, endurance training, protein requirements, post-exercise recovery, nutritional status
MeSH terms
Amino Acids, Branched-Chain, Humans, Muscle Proteins, Ontario, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Physical Endurance, Exercise

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