The Concept of Clinically Meaningful Difference in Health-Related Quality of Life Research: How Meaningful is it?

The MOS 36-ltem Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): I. Conceptual Framework and Item Selection

Ware, J. E., & Sherbourne, C. D. (1992) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199206000-00002 · Cited by 30,033

Interpretation of Changes in Health-related Quality of Life: The Remarkable Universality of Half a Standard Deviation

Norman, G. R., Sloan, J. A., & Wyrwich, K. W. (2003) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000062554.74615.4c · Cited by 4,700

Interpreting the clinical importance of treatment outcomes in chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations

Dworkin, R. H., Turk, D. C., Wyrwich, K. W., Beaton, D., Cleeland, C. S., Farrar, J. T., Haythornthwaite, J. A., Jensen, M. P., Kerns, R. D., Ader, D. N., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2007.09.005 · Cited by 3,471

Effects of a Palliative Care Intervention on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Advanced Cancer: The Project ENABLE II Randomized Controlled Trial

Bakitas, M., Lyons, K. D., Hegel, M. T., Balan, S., Brokaw, F. C., Seville, J., Hull, J. G., Li, Z., Tosteson, T. D., Byock, I. R., et al. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1198 · Cited by 1,726

Understanding the minimum clinically important difference: A review of concepts and methods

Copay, A. G., Subach, B. R., Glassman, S. D., Polly, D. W., & Schuler, T. C. (2007) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2007.01.008 · Cited by 1,662

The RAND-36 measure of health-related quality of life

Hays, R. D., & Morales, L. S. (2001) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853890109002089 · Cited by 1,460

Monitoring Depression Treatment Outcomes With the Patient Health Questionnaire-9

L??we, B., Un??tzer, J., Callahan, C. M., Perkins, A. J., & Kroenke, K. (2004) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-200412000-00006 · Cited by 1,354

Minimum clinically important difference in lumbar spine surgery patients: a choice of methods using the Oswestry Disability Index, Medical Outcomes Study questionnaire Short Form 36, and pain scales

Copay, A. G., Glassman, S. D., Subach, B. R., Berven, S., Schuler, T. C., & Carreon, L. Y. (2008) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2007.11.006 · Cited by 1,300

Effects of estrogen plus progestin on health-related quality of life

Hays, J., Ockene, J. K., Brunner, R. L., Kotchen, J. M., Manson, J. E., Patterson, R. E., Aragaki, A. K., Shumaker, S. A., Brzyski, R. G., LaCroix, A. Z., et al. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa030311 · Cited by 686

Psychological inflexibility in childhood and adolescence: development and evaluation of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth

Greco, L. A., Lambert, W., & Baer, R. A. (2008) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.20.2.93 · Cited by 514

Responsiveness and clinically important differences for the WOMAC and SF-36 after hip joint replacement

Quintana, J. M., Escobar, A., Bilbao, A., Arostegui, I., Lafuente, I., & Vidaurreta, I. (2005) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2005.06.012 · Cited by 510

Updating the Minimal Important Difference for Six-Minute Walk Distance in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Holland, A. E., Hill, C. J., Rasekaba, T., Lee, A., Naughton, M. T., & McDonald, C. F. (2010) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2009.10.017 · Cited by 487

The Clinically Important Difference on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale

Shulman, L. M., Gruber-Baldini, A. L., Anderson, K. E., Fishman, P. S., Reich, S. G., & Weiner, W. J. (2010) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2009.295 · Cited by 494

Clinimetrics Corner: The Minimal Clinically Important Change Score (MCID): A Necessary Pretense

Cook, C. E. (2008) · Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy · doi:10.1179/jmt.2008.16.4.82e · Cited by 465

Combining Distribution- and Anchor-Based Approaches to Determine Minimally Important Differences: The FACIT Experience

Yost, K. J., & Eton, D. T. (2005) · Evaluation & the Health Professions · doi:10.1177/0163278705275340 · Cited by 382

Telephone-Delivered Collaborative Care for Treating Post-CABG Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Rollman, B. L., Belnap, B. H., LeMenager, M. S., Mazumdar, S., Houck, P. R., Counihan, P. J., Kapoor, W. N., Schulberg, H. C., & Reynolds, C. F. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1670 · Cited by 343

Long-term health-related quality of life, growth, and spiritual well-being after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation

Andrykowski, M. A., Bishop, M. M., Hahn, E. A., Cella, D. F., Beaumont, J. L., Brady, M. J., Horowitz, M. M., Sobocinski, K. A., Rizzo, J. D., & Wingard, J. R. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2005.03.189 · Cited by 320

Evaluating the quality of life of patients with restless legs syndrome

Abetz, L., Allen, R., Follet, A., Washburn, T., Early, C., Kirsch, J., & Knight, H. (2004) · Clinical Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0149-2918(04)90136-1 · Cited by 299

The Penn Shoulder Score: Reliability and validity

Leggin, B. G., Michener, L. A., Shaffer, M. A., Brenneman, S. K., Iannotti, J. P., & Williams, G. R. (2006) · Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2006.36.3.138 · Cited by 278

Approaches for estimating minimal clinically important differences in systemic lupus erythematosus

Rai, S. K., Yazdany, J., Fortin, P. R., & Aviña-Zubieta, J. A. (2015) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0658-6 · Cited by 251

Validity, responsiveness, and minimal clinically important difference of EQ-5D-5L in stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation

Chen, P., Lin, K.-C., Liing, R.-J., Wu, C.-Y., Chen, C.-L., & Chang, K.-C. (2016) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-015-1196-z · Cited by 220

Impact of Cancer on Health-Related Quality of Life of Older Americans

Reeve, B. B., Potosky, A. L., Smith, A. W., Han, P. K., Hays, R. D., Davis, W. W., Arora, N. K., Haffer, S. C., & Clauser, S. B. (2009) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djp123 · Cited by 211

A randomized trial to improve the quality of treatment for panic and generalized anxiety disorders in primary care

Rollman, B. L., Belnap, B. H., Mazumdar, S., Houck, P. R., Zhu, F., Gardner, W., Reynolds, C. F., Schulberg, H. C., & Shear, M. K. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.12.1332 · Cited by 197

Assessing methods to specify the target difference for a randomised controlled trial: DELTA (Difference ELicitation in TriAls) review

Cook, J., Hislop, J., Adewuyi, T., Harrild, K., Altman, D., Ramsay, C., Fraser, C., Buckley, B., Fayers, P., Harvey, I., et al. (2014) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta18280 · Cited by 194

Quality of life in patients with bipolar I depression: data from 920 patients

Yatham, L. N., Lecrubier, Y., Fieve, R. R., Davis, K. H., Harris, S. D., & Krishnan, A. A. (2004) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2004.00134.x · Cited by 142

Brief cognitive-behavioral and relaxation training interventions for breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial

Gudenkauf, L. M., Antoni, M. H., Stagl, J. M., Lechner, S. C., Jutagir, D. R., Bouchard, L. C., Blomberg, B. B., Glück, S., Derhagopian, R. P., Giron, G. L., et al. (2015) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000020 · Cited by 108

Minimal clinically important differences (MCID) in assessing outcomes of post-traumatic stress disorder

Stefanovics, E. A., Rosenheck, R. A., Jones, K. M., Huang, G., & Krystal, J. H. (2018) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-017-9522-y · Cited by 74

Physical and mental health status and health behaviors of childhood cancer survivors: Findings from the 2009 BRFSS survey

Phillips‐Salimi, C. R., Lommel, K., & Andrykowski, M. A. (2012) · Pediatric Blood & Cancer · doi:10.1002/pbc.23359 · Cited by 68

Specifying the target difference in the primary outcome for a randomised controlled trial: guidance for researchers

Cook, J. A., Hislop, J., Altman, D. G., Fayers, P., Briggs, A. H., Ramsay, C. R., Norrie, J. D., Harvey, I. M., Buckley, B., Fergusson, D., et al. (2015) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-014-0526-8 · Cited by 66

Twelve weeks of supervised exercise improves self-reported symptom burden and fatigue in chronic kidney disease: a secondary analysis of the ‘ExTra CKD’ trial

Wilkinson, T. J., Watson, E. L., Gould, D. W., Xenophontos, S., Clarke, A. L., Vogt, B. P., Viana, J. L., & Smith, A. C. (2019) · Clinical Kidney Journal · doi:10.1093/ckj/sfy071 · Cited by 52

Guanfacine attenuates adverse effects of dronabinol (THC) on working memory in adolescent-onset heavy cannabis users: A pilot study

Mathai, D. S., Holst, M., Rodgman, C., Haile, C. N., Keller, J., Hussain, M. Z., Kosten, T. R., Newton, T. F., & Verrico, C. D. (2018) · The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.16120328 · Cited by 12

Exploring Gender Differences in Self-Reported Physical Activity and Health Among Older Caregivers

Cuthbert, C., King-Shier, K., Tapp, D., Ruether, D., & Culos-Reed, S. (2017) · Oncology Nursing Forum · doi:10.1188/17.onf.435-445 · Cited by 12

Progress toward estimating the minimal clinically important difference of intelligibility: a crowdsourced perceptual experiment

Stipancic, K. L., van Brenk, F., Qiu, M., & Tjaden, K. (2025) · Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2024_jslhr-24-00354 · Cited by 11

Impact of hepatitis C on health related quality of life: A systematic review and quantitative assessment†

Spiegel, B. M. R., Younossi, Z. M., Hays, R. D., Revicki, D., Robbins, S., & Kanwal, F. (2005) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.20659 · Cited by 7