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Cited by 27Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderPharmaceutical studies and practicesPharmacology and Obesity Treatment

Dexmethylphenidate Extended Release: A Review of its Use in the Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Moen, Marit D., Keam, Susan J.·2009·CNS Drugs
DOI 10.2165/11201140-000000000-00000
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Abstract

Dexmethylphenidate extended release (XR) [Focalin XR] is a CNS stimulant indicated for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in patients aged > or = 6 years. Dexmethylphenidate contains the d-threo-enantiomer of methylphenidate. Dexmethylphenidate XR capsules have a bimodal release profile, which mimics two doses of dexmethylphenidate immediate release (IR) given 4 hours apart, and allows once-daily administration. Once-daily dexmethylphenidate XR was effective and generally well tolerated in the treatment of ADHD in children, adolescents and adults in placebo-controlled trials. Improvements in ADHD symptoms were significantly greater for dexmethylphenidate XR versus placebo throughout the day, from as early as 0.5 hours after drug administration up to 11-12 hours after administration. Furthermore, dexmethylphenidate XR showed greater efficacy than osmotic release oral system (OROS) methylphenidate over the first half of the laboratory classroom day in crossover trials; however, assessments late in the day (10-12 hours post-dose) favoured OROS methylphenidate. The once-daily administration regimen with dexmethylphenidate XR avoids the need for a midday dose to be administered at school; administration options are extended in that the contents of the dexmethylphenidate XR capsule can be sprinkled on apple sauce for patients unable to swallow the capsule whole. Although dexmethylphenidate XR is a controlled substance in the US, this formulation appears to have a low risk of abuse or misuse. Thus, dexmethylphenidate XR extends the range of first-line pharmacological treatment options for children, adolescents or adults with ADHD, particularly for patients who require a rapid onset and prolonged duration of action, including children who require a reduction in ADHD symptoms throughout the school day.

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Crossref · 10.2165/11201140-000000000-00000

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62 of 62 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Dexmethylphenidate has the earliest onset of efficacy of the long-acting preparations.

    “Dexmethylphenidate comes in capsules that can be opened and mixed with food, and has the earliest onset of efficacy of the long-acting preparations [42,43].”

    From Advances in understanding and treating ADHD (2011) · cites this paper as [43]

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Authors
Moen, M. D., & Keam, S. J.
Affiliations
Wolters Kluwer Health (NZ)
Corresponding author
Moen, Marit D.
ORCID
Keam, Susan J.
Venue
CNS Drugs
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2009-12
Volume
23
Issue
12
Pages
1057-1083
ISSN
1172-7047 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2165/11201140-000000000-00000
OpenAlex
W2073225636
Cited by
27
References
62
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI
0.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • CNS Drugs (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmaceutical studies and practices
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, once-daily dosing, pharmacokinetics, abuse liability
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Clinical Trials as Topic, Delayed-Action Preparations, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Interactions, Humans, Methylphenidate, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Severity of Illness Index, Dexmethylphenidate Hydrochloride

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