The DOI matches its Crossref record; 86 of the 86 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cognitive Reserve in Aging
Open accessAbstract
Cognitive reserve explains why those with higher IQ, education, occupational attainment, or participation in leisure activities evidence less severe clinical or cognitive changes in the presence of age-related or Alzheimer's disease pathology. Specifically, the cognitive reserve hypothesis is that individual differences in how tasks are processed provide reserve against brain pathology. Cognitive reserve may allow for more flexible strategy usage, an ability thought to be captured by executive functions tasks. Additionally, cognitive reserve allows individuals greater neural efficiency, greater neural capacity, and the ability for compensation via the recruitment of additional brain regions. Taking cognitive reserve into account may allow for earlier detection and better characterization of age-related cognitive changes and Alzheimer's disease. Importantly, cognitive reserve is not fixed but continues to evolve across the lifespan. Thus, even late-stage interventions hold promise to boost cognitive reserve and thus reduce the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other age-related problems.
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“The lifestyle factors underpinning cognitive reserve are potentially amenable to change and hence may provide a basis for preventative intervention [21, 22].”
From Social Isolation and Cognitive Function in Later Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“Education alone is not a comprehensive indication of cognitive reserve and it is suggested that multiple proxy indicators representing reserve at different stages of life are preferable [30, 31].”
From Social isolation, cognitive reserve, and cognition in healthy older people (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
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“This approach is preferable as it accounts for the variance in reserve built at different stages of life [30, 31].”
From Social isolation, cognitive reserve, and cognition in healthy older people (2018) · cites this paper as [31]
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Citations
Cites
What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept
STERN, Y. (2002) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617702813248 · Cited by 3,951
Self-citationStern, Y. (2009) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.03.004 · Cited by 2,943
Self-citationAlzheimer Disease in the US Population: Prevalence Estimates Using the 2000 Census
Hebert, L. E., Scherr, P. A., Bienias, J. L., Bennett, D. A., & Evans, D. A. (2003) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.60.8.1119 · Cited by 2,168
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarker signature in Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative subjects
Shaw, L. M., Vanderstichele, H., Knapik‐Czajka, M., Clark, C. M., Aisen, P. S., Petersen, R. C., Blennow, K., Soares, H., Simon, A., Lewczuk, P., et al. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21610 · Cited by 2,065
Role of Genes and Environments for Explaining Alzheimer Disease
Gatz, M., Reynolds, C. A., Fratiglioni, L., Johansson, B., Mortimer, J. A., Berg, S., Fiske, A., & Pedersen, N. L. (2006) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.2.168 · Cited by 1,798
Influence of education and occupation on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease
Stern, Y. (1994) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03510370056032 · Cited by 1,434
Self-citationInfluence of social network on occurrence of dementia: a community-based longitudinal study
Fratiglioni, L., Wang, H.-X., Ericsson, K., Maytan, M., & Winblad, B. (2000) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02113-9 · Cited by 1,361
Participation in Cognitively Stimulating Activities and Risk of Incident Alzheimer Disease
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(2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)03589-3 · Cited by 1,338
Guskiewicz, K. M., Marshall, S. W., Bailes, J. E., McCrea, M., Cantu, R. C., RANDOLPH, C. C., & Jordan, B. D. (2005) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1093/neurosurgery/57.4.719 · Cited by 1,226
Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Alzheimer’s disease: risk factors and potentially protective measures
Silva, M. V. F., Loures, C. D. M. G., Alves, L. C. V., de Souza, L. C., Borges, K. B. G., & Ferriani, M. D. G. C. (2019) · Journal of Biomedical Science · doi:10.1186/s12929-019-0524-y · Cited by 1,031
Social Isolation and Cognitive Function in Later Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Evans, I. E. M., Martyr, A., Collins, R., Brayne, C., & Clare, L. (2019) · Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-180501 · Cited by 531
Valian, V. V. (2014) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728914000522 · Cited by 514
Cognitive reserve and cognitive function in healthy older people: a meta-analysis
Opdebeeck, C., Martyr, A., & Clare, L. (2016) · Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition · doi:10.1080/13825585.2015.1041450 · Cited by 465
Wayne, R. V., & Johnsrude, I. S. (2015) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2015.06.002 · Cited by 453
Metadata
- Authors
- M. Tucker, A., & Stern, Y.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- ORCID
- Stern, Y.
- Venue
- Current Alzheimer Research
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2011-06-01
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 354-360
- ISSN
- 1567-2050 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3135666
- OpenAlex
- W2155397742
- Cited by
- 561
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 18.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Alzheimer Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG026158, Z01AG000261, T32AG00261, T32AG000261)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- cognitive reserve, cognitive aging, Alzheimer's disease, executive function, neural efficiency, educational attainment, leisure, age-related cognitive decline
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Brain, Humans, Individuality, Leisure Activities, Cognitive Reserve, Neuroimaging
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