Feasibility Assessment of a Brief, Web-Based Behavioral Activation Intervention for Adolescents with Depressed Mood
Abstract
Objective: Adolescent depression is a major public health concern. Efficacious interventions exist, but are underutilized. Novel approaches to improving access are therefore a top priority. Web-based approaches offer a viable treatment delivery solution; this approach may reach adolescents who might not otherwise receive formal treatment. Behavioral activation (BA) approaches have had success in treatment of depressive symptoms in youth. The purpose of this article is to: (1) describe the development process of a web-based, behavioral activation intervention for adolescents; (2) summarize the preliminary feasibility data; and (3) discuss the benefits and challenges associated with development and evaluation of adolescent self-help resources. Methods: The current study is part of a larger NIMH funded study focusing on the development and evaluation of Bounce Back Now (BBN), an evidence-informed, web resource for disaster-affected adolescents and their families. This study is specifically on the development of the BA component of the mood module of BBN, which was evaluated more extensively than other components. We present data from a formal usability evaluation conducted with 24 adolescents, and preliminary usage data collected from 2,000 disaster affected adolescents recruited from the tornado-affected coordinates in Alabama and Joplin, MO. Results: Preliminary data supported the feasibility of this approach: qualitative data with the clinic-based sample revealed favorable reactions to the intervention, and preliminary data from the large ongoing randomized controlled trial have indicated moderate levels of access. Conclusions: Brief, web-based approaches may offer a promising alternative to address access barriers for adolescents with depressed mood.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Four studies (40%) reported high helpfulness.
“Four studies (40%) reported high helpfulness [57,60-62]”
From eMental Healthcare Technologies for Anxiety and Depression in Childhood and Adolescence: Systematic Review of Studies Reporting Implementation Outcomes (2018) · cites this paper as [62]
Four studies examining fidelity reported mixed results, particularly healthcare provider adherence to the program.
“Four studies examining fidelity reported mixed results [62-65], particularly healthcare provider adherence to the program.”
From eMental Healthcare Technologies for Anxiety and Depression in Childhood and Adolescence: Systematic Review of Studies Reporting Implementation Outcomes (2018) · cites this paper as [62]
Of the 6 studies that investigated feasibility, 3 (50%) reported positive or high outcomes.
“Of the 6 studies that investigated feasibility, 3 (50%) reported positive or high outcomes [60,62,69]”
From eMental Healthcare Technologies for Anxiety and Depression in Childhood and Adolescence: Systematic Review of Studies Reporting Implementation Outcomes (2018) · cites this paper as [62]
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267 · see citing works
(2006) · Cited by 18,730 · see citing works
Constructing Grounded Theory. A Practical Guide Through Qualitative Analysis
Boyle, C., & Barker, A. (2006) · QMiP Bulletin · doi:10.53841/bpsqmip.2006.1.2.36 · Cited by 11,842 · see citing works
Merikangas, K. R., He, J.-P., Burstein, M., Swanson, S. A., Avenevoli, S., Cui, L., Benjet, C., Georgiades, K., & Swendsen, J. (2010) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.05.017 · Cited by 6,278 · see citing works
Depressed Adolescents Grown Up
Weissman, M. M. (1999) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.281.18.1707 · Cited by 950 · see citing works
Major Depression in Community Adolescents: Age at Onset, Episode Duration, and Time to Recurrence
LEWINSOHN, P. M., CLARKE, G. N., SEELEY, J. R., & ROHDE, P. (1994) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199407000-00006 · Cited by 836 · see citing works
Contemporary behavioral activation treatments for depression: Procedures, principles, and progress
Hopko, D. R., Lejuez, C. W., Ruggiero, K. J., & Eifert, G. H. (2003) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(03)00070-9 · Cited by 634 · see citing works
Self-citationLejuez, C. W., Hopko, D. R., Acierno, R. E., Daughters, S. B., & Pagoto, S. (2011) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445510390929 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Prognostic Value of the Admission Electrocardiogram in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Savonitto, S. (1999) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.281.8.707 · Cited by 563 · see citing works
Psychiatric Disorder, Impairment, and Service Use in Rural African American and White Youth
Angold, A. C., Erkanli, A., Farmer, E. M. Z., Fairbank, J. A., Burns, B. J., Keeler, G. P., & Costello, E. J. (2002) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.10.893 · Cited by 537 · see citing works
Unipolar Depression in Adolescents: Clinical Outcome in Adulthood
Rao, U., Ryan, N. D., Birmaher, B. B., Dahl, R. E., Williamson, D. E., Kaufman, J., Rao, R., & Nelson, B. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199505000-00009 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
mHealth: A Mechanism to Deliver More Accessible, More Effective Mental Health Care
Price, M., Yuen, E. K., Goetter, E. M., Herbert, J. D., Forman, E. M., Acierno, R., & Ruggiero, K. J. (2014) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.1855 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Self-citationLong term outcomes from the IMPACT randomised trial for depressed elderly patients in primary care
Hunkeler, E. M., Katon, W. J., Tang, L., Williams, J. W., Kroenke, K., Lin, E. H. B., Harpole, L. H., Areán, P. A., Levine, S., Grypma, L., et al. (2006) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.38683.710255.be · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Childhood-Onset Dysthymic Disorder
Kovács, M. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950050025003 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Individually-tailored, internet-based treatment for anxiety disorders: a randomized controlled trial
Carlbring, P., Maurin, L., Törngren, C., Linna, E., Eriksson, T., Sparthan, E., Strååt, M., Marquez von Hage, C., Bergman-Nordgren, L., & Andersson, G. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.10.002 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Patton, K. (2011) · Young Adult Library Services · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Amstadter, A. B., Broman-Fulks, J., Zinzow, H., Ruggiero, K. J., & Cercone, J. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.04.001 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Self-citationKennard, B. D., Silva, S. G., Tonev, S. T., Rohde, P., Hughes, J. L., Vitiello, B., Kratochvil, C. J., Curry, J. F., Emslie, G. J., Reinecke, M. A., et al. (2009) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31819176f9 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Tailored mobile phone text messages as an adjunct to obesity treatment for adolescents
Woolford, S. J., Clark, S. J., Strecher, V. J., & Resnicow, K. (2010) · Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare · doi:10.1258/jtt.2010.100207 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Pedometers and Text Messaging to Increase Physical Activity
Newton, K. H., Wiltshire, E. J., & Elley, C. R. (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc08-1974 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Richards, S., & Perri, M. G. (2002) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781452229393.n4 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Behavioral Activation for Depressed Teens: A Pilot Study
Ritschel, L. A., Ramirez, C. L., Jones, M., & Craighead, W. E. (2010) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2010.07.002 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Telemental health and Web-based applications in children and adolescents
Siemer, C. P., Fogel, J., & Van Voorhees, B. W. (2011) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2010.08.012 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Ruggiero, K., Morris, T. L., Hopko, D., & Lejuez, C. (2007) · Clinical Case Studies · doi:10.1177/1534650105275986 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 25 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Empirical Evidence for Telemedicine Interventions in Mental Disorders
Bashshur, R. L., Shannon, G. W., Bashshur, N., & Yellowlees, P. (2015) · Telemedicine Journal and e-Health · doi:10.1089/tmj.2015.0206 · Cited by 442 · see citing works
Hetrick, S. E., Cox, G., Witt, K., Bir, J. J., & Merry, S. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003380.pub4 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Behavioral activation for children and adolescents: a systematic review of progress and promise
Martin, F., & Oliver, T. (2019) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-018-1126-z · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Tindall, L., Mikocka‐Walus, A. A., McMillan, D., Wright, B., Hewitt, C. E., & Gascoyne, S. (2017) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12121 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Søgaard Neilsen, A., & Wilson, R. L. (2019) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/inm.12527 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Schneider, K. L., Panza, E. A., Handschin, B., Ma, Y., Busch, A. M., Waring, M. E., Appelhans, B. M., Whited, M. C., Keeney, J., Kern, D., et al. (2015) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2015.10.005 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Wozney, L., McGrath, P. J., Gehring, N. D., Bennett, K., Huguet, A., Hartling, L., Dyson, M. P., Soleimani, A., & Newton, A. S. (2018) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.9655 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Davis, E. L., Deane, F. P., Lyons, G. C., Barclay, G. D., Bourne, J., & Connolly, V. (2020) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105317715091 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Addressing anhedonia to increase depression treatment engagement
Khazanov, G. K., Forbes, C. N., Dunn, B. D., & Thase, M. E. (2021) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.12335 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-management, self-care, and self-help in adolescents with emotional problems: a scoping review
Town, R., Hayes, D., March, A., Fonagy, P., & Stapley, E. (2023) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-022-02134-z · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Digital technologies to support adolescents with depression and anxiety: review
Jones, R. B., Hussain, F., Agha, S. S., Weavers, B., Lucassen, M. F. G., Merry, S., Stallard, P. N., Simpson, S. A., & Rice, F. J. (2022) · BJPsych Advances · doi:10.1192/bja.2022.3 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Rasing, S. P. A., Stikkelbroek, Y. A. J., & Bodden, D. H. M. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17010153 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Bhattacharya, A., Nagar, R., Jenness, J. L., Munson, S. A., & Kientz, J. A. (2021) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/20969 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Jenness, J. L., Bhattacharya, A., Kientz, J. A., Munson, S. A., & Nagar, R. (2022) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2022.104065 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Behavioral Intervention Technologies and Psychotherapy with Youth: A Review of the Literature
Bunge, E. L., Dickter, B., Jones, M. K., Alie, G., Spear, A., & Perales, R. (2015) · Current Psychiatry Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573400511666150930232254 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A Pilot Study of a Tablet-Based Emotion Regulation Intervention for Early Adolescents
Houck, C. D., Modrowski, C. A., Hadley, W. S., Barker, D., Myers, V. H., Bala, K., Wickham, B., & Jerrod, T. (2022) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000001094 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Online Therapy for Adolescent Mental Health
Khan, H. A., Bernstein, K. S., & Voorhees, B. W. V. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69638-6_16 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Huang, X., Chen, Y., Luo, J., Wang, D., Yang, C., Luo, W., & Zhou, Y. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0304084 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
González, A., Goger, P., Escobar, M., Rozenman, M. S., Jeffreys, M., Porta, G., Brent, D. A., Lynch, F. L., Dickerson, J. F., & Weersing, V. R. (2026) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2026.01.006 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Gulina, E., Ushacheva, J. D., Afanasyeva, P., Gupalova, Y. V., & Mikhaylova, O. R. (2026) · Mental Health and Social Inclusion · doi:10.1108/mhsi-03-2026-0076
- Authors
- Davidson, T. M., Yuen, E. K., Felton, J. W., McCauley, J., Gros, K. S., & Ruggiero, K. J.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- University of Tampa (US)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Corresponding author
- Davidson, Tatiana M.
- Venue
- The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-07
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 69-82
- ISSN
- 0033-278X (ISSN-L)
- 0091-2174
- 1541-3527
- OpenAlex
- W2005048561
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 3.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH081056)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- adolescent depression, behavioral activation, online intervention, self-help materials, feasibility, usability evaluation, access to mental health care, Joplin tornado
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Behavior Therapy, Child, Depression, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Psychotherapy, Brief, Patient Satisfaction, Telemedicine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review