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Cited by 836Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMental Health Treatment and AccessTreatment of Major Depression

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Major Depression in Community Adolescents: Age at Onset, Episode Duration, and Time to Recurrence

LEWINSOHN, PETER M., CLARKE, GREGORY N., SEELEY, JOHN R., ROHDE, PAUL·1994·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
DOI 10.1097/00004583-199407000-00006
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Abstract

Objective This paper presents retrospective and prospective data regarding time course parameters of major depressive disorder (MDD) in community adolescents (14 to 18 years old): time to onset and recovery and, among those who recovered, time to recurrence. Method Diagnostic interviews were conducted with 1,508 randomly selected high school students. Three hundred sixty-two had experienced at least one past or current episode of MDD. Results Mean age at onset of first episode was 14.9 (SD = 2.8). Early MDD onset was associated with female gender and suicidal ideation. MDD episode duration ranged from 2 to 520 weeks, with a mean of 26.4 weeks (SE = 3.3) and a median of 8.0 weeks. Longer episodes were observed in those whose depression occurred early (at or before age 15), whose depression had been accompanied by suicidal ideation, and for whom treatment was sought. Of the adolescents who recovered, 5% relapsed within 6 months, 12% within 1 year, and approximately 33% within 4 years. Shorter time to recurrence was associated with prior suicidal ideation and attempt and with later first onset. Conclusions Risk of MDD is low in childhood, increasing substantially with adolescence. The majority of episodes in community adolescents are relatively brief, although the risk of recurrence is substantial. Suicidal behaviors are important mediators of episode duration and of recurrence.

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Citations

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Metadata

Authors
LEWINSOHN, P. M., CLARKE, G. N., SEELEY, J. R., & ROHDE, P.
Affiliations
Oregon Research Institute (US)
Corresponding author
LEWINSOHN, PETER M.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1994-07
Volume
33
Issue
6
Pages
809-818
ISSN
0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/00004583-199407000-00006
OpenAlex
W2069422258
Cited by
836
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 40
FWCI
16.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH MH40501, R01MH040501, NIMH MH50522, R01MH050522)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
Keywords
major depressive disorder, adolescents, age of onset, episode duration, recurrence, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, recovery from depression, high school students, community adolescents
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Community Mental Health Services, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Oregon, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Recurrence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted, Time Factors, United States, Cohort Studies, Age of Onset

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