Diagnostic Performance of a Smart Device With Photoplethysmography Technology for Atrial Fibrillation Detection: Pilot Study (Pre-mAFA II Registry)
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. The asymptomatic nature and paroxysmal frequency of AF lead to suboptimal early detection. A novel technology, photoplethysmography (PPG), has been developed for AF screening. However, there has been limited validation of mobile phone and smart band apps with PPG compared to 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG). OBJECTIVE: We investigated the feasibility and accuracy of a mobile phone and smart band for AF detection using pulse data measured by PPG. METHODS: A total of 112 consecutive inpatients were recruited from the Chinese PLA General Hospital from March 15 to April 1, 2018. Participants were simultaneously tested with mobile phones (HUAWEI Mate 9, HUAWEI Honor 7X), smart bands (HUAWEI Band 2), and 12-lead ECG for 3 minutes. RESULTS: In all, 108 patients (56 with normal sinus rhythm, 52 with persistent AF) were enrolled in the final analysis after excluding four patients with unclear cardiac rhythms. The corresponding sensitivity and specificity of the smart band PPG were 95.36% (95% CI 92.00%-97.40%) and 99.70% (95% CI 98.08%-99.98%), respectively. The positive predictive value of the smart band PPG was 99.63% (95% CI 97.61%-99.98%), the negative predictive value was 96.24% (95% CI 93.50%-97.90%), and the accuracy was 97.72% (95% CI 96.11%-98.70%). Moreover, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of mobile phones with PPG for AF detection were over 94%. There was no significant difference after further statistical analysis of the results from the different smart devices compared with the gold-standard ECG (P>.99). CONCLUSIONS: The algorithm based on mobile phones and smart bands with PPG demonstrated good performance in detecting AF and may represent a convenient tool for AF detection in at-risk individuals, allowing widespread screening of AF in the population. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-OOC-17014138; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=24191 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation/76WXknvE6).
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Atrial fibrillation screening through PPG has shown variable accuracy depending on the algorithms and devices used.
“AF screening through PPG has shown variable accuracy depending on the algorithms and devices used19,51,52”
From Smart wearable devices in cardiovascular care: Where we are and how to move forward (2021) · cites this paper as [52]
The Huawei Band 2 PRO AF algorithm showed a positive predictive value of 99.6% and a negative predictive value of 96.2%.
“Another study that assessed the use of the Huawei Band 2 (Huawei, China) PRO AF algorithm showed a positive predictive value of 99.6% and a negative predictive value of 96.2%52.”
From Smart wearable devices in cardiovascular care: Where we are and how to move forward (2021) · cites this paper as [52]
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- Authors
- Fan, Y.-Y., Li, Y.-G., Li, J., Cheng, W.-K., Shan, Z.-L., Wang, Y.-T., & Guo, Y.-T.
- Affiliations
- Nankai University (CN)
- Chinese People's Liberation Army (CN)
- Venue
- JMIR mHealth and uHealth
- Publisher
- JMIR Publications Inc.
- Published
- 2019-03-05
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e11437
- ISSN
- 2291-5222 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6423467
- OpenAlex
- W2913405464
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8
- FWCI
- 4.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- JMIR mhealth and uhealth (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (H2501)
- General Hospital of People’s Liberation Army
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › ECG Monitoring and Analysis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Keywords
- atrial fibrillation detection, photoplethysmography, smart band, smartphone sensors, wearable devices, arrhythmia screening, 12-lead ECG, diagnostic accuracy, pulse rate monitoring, asymptomatic atrial fibrillation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Atrial Fibrillation, Electrocardiography, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Sensitivity and Specificity, Chi-Square Distribution, Photoplethysmography, Statistics, Nonparametric, Cell Phone
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