Regulation of Potassium Homeostasis

Palmer, Biff F.

doi:10.2215/cjn.08580813

Cited by 538Potassium and Related DisordersIon Transport and Channel RegulationParathyroid Disorders and Treatments

Regulation of Potassium Homeostasis

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Palmer, Biff F.·2015·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

DOI 10.2215/cjn.08580813PMC PMC4455213

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Abstract

Potassium is the most abundant cation in the intracellular fluid, and maintaining the proper distribution of potassium across the cell membrane is critical for normal cell function. Long-term maintenance of potassium homeostasis is achieved by alterations in renal excretion of potassium in response to variations in intake. Understanding the mechanism and regulatory influences governing the internal distribution and renal clearance of potassium under normal circumstances can provide a framework for approaching disorders of potassium commonly encountered in clinical practice. This paper reviews key aspects of the normal regulation of potassium metabolism and is designed to serve as a readily accessible review for the well informed clinician as well as a resource for teaching trainees and medical students.

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An increase in aldosterone concentration leads to a modest increase in Na+-K+-ATPase abundance, which increases K+ flux into cells.
“An increase in ALD concentration leads to a modest increase in Na+-K+-ATPase abundance, which increases K+ flux into cells [30–32].”
From A mathematical model of potassium homeostasis: Effect of feedforward and feedback controls (2022) · cites this paper as [31]
The Introduction states that aldosterone stimulates basolateral Na+-K+-ATPase activity in renal principal cells, increasing intracellular K+ concentration. It does not say that aldosterone modestly increases the pump’s abundance; the passage supports increased activity, not the claimed change in abundance. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Association of Serum Potassium with All-Cause Mortality in Patients with and without Heart Failure, Chronic Kidney Disease, and/or Diabetes
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Electrolyte and Acid–Base Disturbances in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Palmer, B. F., & Clegg, D. J. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1503102 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
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Potassium homeostasis, oxidative stress, and human disease
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Primary aldosteronism — a multidimensional syndrome
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Abnormalities of Potassium in Heart Failure
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Potassium: From Physiology to Clinical Implications
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Albuminuria-Lowering Effect of Dapagliflozin, Eplerenone, and Their Combination in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial
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Novel genetically encoded fluorescent probes enable real-time detection of potassium in vitro and in vivo
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Regulation of the Renal NaCl Cotransporter and Its Role in Potassium Homeostasis
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Potassium-Enriched Salt Substitutes as a Means to Lower Blood Pressure
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Dietary reference values for potassium
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Potassium Homeostasis: The Knowns, the Unknowns, and the Health Benefits
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Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators for imaging intracellular potassium ion concentration
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Treatment of hyperkalemia: something old, something new
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Ion Transporters and Osmoregulation in the Kidney of Teleost Fishes as a Function of Salinity
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The biochemical alterations underlying post-burn hypermetabolism
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Controversies in Management of Hyperkalemia
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Joint association of urinary sodium and potassium excretion with cardiovascular events and mortality: prospective cohort study
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Diagnosis and treatment of hyperkalemia
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Effects of canagliflozin on serum potassium in people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease: the CREDENCE trial
Neuen, B. L., Oshima, M., Perkovic, V., Agarwal, R., Arnott, C. G., Bakris, G. L., Cannon, C. P., Charytan, D. M., Edwards, R., Górriz, J. L., et al. (2021) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab497 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Tumor-associated macrophages are shaped by intratumoral high potassium via Kir2.1
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Hypokalemia in Patients with COVID-19
the Modena Covid-19 Working Group (MoCo19), Alfano, G., Ferrari, A., Fontana, F., Perrone, R., Mori, G., Ascione, E., Magistroni, R., Venturi, G., Pederzoli, S., et al. (2021) · Clinical and Experimental Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s10157-020-01996-4 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Estimated population wide benefits and risks in China of lowering sodium through potassium enriched salt substitution: modelling study
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Incidence, Predictors, and Outcome Associations of Dyskalemia in Heart Failure With Preserved, Mid-Range, and Reduced Ejection Fraction
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Does dietary potassium intake associate with hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease?
Ramos, C. I., González-Ortíz, A., Espinosa-Cuevas, Á., Avesani, C. M., Carrero, J. J., & Cuppari, L. (2020) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfaa232 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Impacts of Heat Stress on Rabbit Immune Function, Endocrine, Blood Biochemical Changes, Antioxidant Capacity and Production Performance, and the Potential Mitigation Strategies of Nutritional Intervention
Liang, Z., Chen, F., Park, S., Balasubramanian, B., & Liu, W. (2022) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.906084 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Potassium homeostasis in health and disease: A scientific workshop cosponsored by the National Kidney Foundation and the American Society of Hypertension
Kovesdy, C. P., Appel, L. J., Grams, M. E., Gutekunst, L., McCullough, P. A., Palmer, B. F., Pitt, B., Sica, D. A., & Townsend, R. R. (2017) · Journal of the American Society of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/j.jash.2017.09.011 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
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Achieving the Benefits of a High-Potassium, Paleolithic Diet, Without the Toxicity
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Essential role of Kir5.1 channels in renal salt handling and blood pressure control
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Live-Cell Imaging of Physiologically Relevant Metal Ions Using Genetically Encoded FRET-Based Probes
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Potassium Homeostasis in Health and Disease: A Scientific Workshop Cosponsored by the National Kidney Foundation and the American Society of Hypertension
Kovesdy, C. P., Appel, L. J., Grams, M. E., Gutekunst, L., McCullough, P. A., Palmer, B. F., Pitt, B., Sica, D. A., & Townsend, R. R. (2017) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.09.003 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
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Hyperkalemia in Real-World Patients Under Continuous Medical Care in Japan
Kashihara, N., Kohsaka, S., Kanda, E., Okami, S., & Yajima, T. (2019) · Kidney International Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.018 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Empagliflozin and serum potassium in heart failure: an analysis from EMPEROR-Pooled
Ferreira, J. P., Zannad, F. M., Butler, J., Filipattos, G., Ritter, I., Schueler, E., Kraus, B. J., Pocock, S., Anker, S. D., & Packer, M. (2022) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac306 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Dietary potassium and the renal control of salt balance and blood pressure
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ACE inhibitors and ARBs: Managing potassium and renal function
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Impact of Dietary Potassium Restrictions in CKD on Clinical Outcomes: Benefits of a Plant-Based Diet
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Potassium and Its Discontents
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Potassium
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Hyperkalemia with RAAS inhibition: Mechanism, clinical significance, and management
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The Spectrum of Dysregulated Aldosterone Production: An International Human Physiology Study
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Nutritional Characteristics of Four Underutilized Edible Wild Fruits of Dietary Interest in Ghana
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Metal Ion Signaling in Biomedicine
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Electrolyte and Acid–Base Disturbances in End-Stage Liver Disease: A Physiopathological Approach
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Current Management of Hyperkalemia in Patients on Dialysis
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Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Bothrops Venom: Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanisms
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Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disorders in the Renal Transplant Recipient
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Efficacy and safety of drugs for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease on kidney and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
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Capacity for Cellular Osmoregulation Defines Critical Salinity of Marine Invertebrates at Low Salinity
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The renal TRPV4 channel is essential for adaptation to increased dietary potassium
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Hypokalemia and the Prevalence of Primary Aldosteronism
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Adenosine contribution to normal renal physiology and chronic kidney disease
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Diuretic Treatment in Heart Failure: A Practical Guide for Clinicians
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Management of Chronic Hyperkalemia in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: An Old Problem With News Options
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Beyond Homeostasis: Potassium and Pathogenesis during Bacterial Infections
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Authors: Palmer, B. F.
Affiliations: The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Palmer, Biff F.
ORCID: Palmer, Biff F.
Venue: Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2015-06
Volume: 10
Issue: 6
Pages: 1050-1060
ISSN: 1555-9041 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2215/cjn.08580813
PMC: PMC4455213
OpenAlex: W2147621031
Cited by: 535
References: 93
Citations by year: 2026: 51 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 1
FWCI: 4.05
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Potassium and Related Disorders
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
Keywords: potassium homeostasis, potassium metabolism, renal potassium excretion, intracellular fluid, potassium disorders
MeSH terms: Aldosterone, Animals, Circadian Rhythm, Homeostasis, Humans, Hypertension, Kidney, Potassium, Renin-Angiotensin System, Renal Elimination

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