The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Tightening the Iron Cage: Concertive Control in Self-Managing Teams
Abstract
In this paper, I provide an ethnographic account of how an organization’s control system evolved in response to a managerial change from hierarchical, bureaucratic control to concertive control in the form of self-managing teams. The study investigates how the organization’s members developed a system of value-based normative rules that controlled their actions more powerfully and completely than the former system. I describe the organization and its members and provide a detailed account of the dynamics that emerged as concertive control became manifest through the members’ interactions. This account depicts how concertive control evolved from the value consensus of the company’s team workers to a system of normative rules that became increasingly rationalized. Contrary to some proponents of such systems, concertive control did not free these workers from Weber’s iron cage of rational control. Instead, the concertive system, as it became manifest in this case, appeared to draw the iron cage tighter and to constrain the organization’s members more powerfully.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
(1984) · Cited by 21,166
The Social Psychology of Organizations.
Hackman, J. R., Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1979) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2989929 · Cited by 12,235
Developmental sequence in small groups.
Tuckman, B. W. (1965) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0022100 · Cited by 5,778
Administrative Behavior: A Study of Decision-Making Processes in Administrative Organization.
Brown, M. C., & Simon, H. A. (1978) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2065048 · Cited by 4,801
In search of excellence: Lessons from America's best- run companies
(1983) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/0024-6301(83)90015-8 · Cited by 4,437
Complex Organizations: A Critical Essay
Fligstein, N., & Perrow, C. B. (1990) · Teaching Sociology · doi:10.2307/1318250 · Cited by 2,226
Work teams: Applications and effectiveness.
Sundstrom, E. D., Meuse, K. P. D., & Futrell, D. (1990) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.45.2.120 · Cited by 1,593
Accounting and the construction of the governable person
Miller, P., & O'Leary, T. (1987) · Accounting, Organizations and Society · doi:10.1016/0361-3682(87)90039-0 · Cited by 1,505
Participant Observation: A Methodology for Human Studies
Prus, R., & Jorgensen, D. L. (1990) · Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers canadiens de sociologie · doi:10.2307/3340930 · Cited by 1,252
Peters, T. (1988) · Cited by 1,153
Cited by
Items 701–800 of 2,303
Who speaks up to whom? A relational approach to employee voice
Pauksztat, B., Steglich, C., & Wittek, R. P. M. (2011) · Social Networks · doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2011.10.001 · Cited by 44
Erhardt, N., & Gibbs, J. L. (2014) · Management Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0893318913520508 · Cited by 44
“Seeing to be seen”: The manager’s political economy of visibility in new ways of working
Leclercq‐Vandelannoitte, A. (2020) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2020.11.005 · Cited by 44
Loughry, M. L. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511777899.012 · Cited by 44
Organizational identification and commitment of members of a human development organization
Chan, S. H. J. (2006) · Journal of Management Development · doi:10.1108/02621710610648178 · Cited by 44
How Objects Believe for Us: Applications in Organizational Analysis
Fleming, P. J., & Spicer, A. (2005) · Culture and Organization · doi:10.1080/14759550500203094 · Cited by 44
Does Teamworking Work, and if so, Why? A Case Study in the Aluminium Industry
Wright, M., & Edwards, P. (1998) · Economic and Industrial Democracy · doi:10.1177/0143831x98191004 · Cited by 44
Enjoy your Stress! Using Lacan to enrich transactional models of stress
Bicknell, M., & Liefooghe, A. P. D. (2010) · Organization · doi:10.1177/1350508410363120 · Cited by 43
Charting a course for collaboration: a multiteam perspective
Asencio, R., Carter, D. R., DeChurch, L. A., Zaccaro, S. J., & Fiore, S. M. (2012) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13142-012-0170-3 · Cited by 43
Cristofaro, M., & Giardino, P. L. (2020) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci10030064 · Cited by 43
Power to the people: The benefits and limits of employee self‐selection in organizations
Ketkar, H., & Workiewicz, M. (2021) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.3349 · Cited by 43
Employee Involvement and Voice
Wilkinson, A. J., Dundon, T., & Marchington, M. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119208235.ch13 · Cited by 43
The Hidden Perils of Career Concerns in R&D Organizations
Siemsen, E. (2008) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.1070.0797 · Cited by 43
Beyond the Career Mystique: “Time In,” “Time Out,” and “Second Acts”
Moen, P. (2005) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1007/s11206-005-4100-8 · Cited by 43
Auwal, M. A. (1996) · Journal of Business Communication · doi:10.1177/002194369603300105 · Cited by 43
Organizational Power and Dependence
Ocasio, W. C. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781405164061.ch16 · Cited by 43
Workgroup Climates and Employees’ Counterproductive Work Behaviours: A Social‐Cognitive Perspective
Bollmann, G., & Krings, F. (2015) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.12167 · Cited by 42
Successful maintenance practice through team autonomy
Rolfsen, M., & Langeland, C. (2012) · Employee Relations · doi:10.1108/01425451211217725 · Cited by 42
Liu, F., Chow, I. H., Zhu, W., & Chen, W. (2020) · Human Resource Management Journal · doi:10.1111/1748-8583.12277 · Cited by 42
Entrepreneurial Behavior: Its Nature, Scope, Recent Research, and Agenda for Future Research
Bird, B., & Schjoedt, L. (2017) · International studies in entrepreneurship · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45544-0_23 · Cited by 42
The multi-dimensional nature of resistance to change
Smollan, R. K. (2011) · Journal of Management & Organization · doi:10.5172/jmo.2011.828 · Cited by 42
A Multilevel Perspective of Tensions Between Knowledge Management and Social Media
Ford, D. P., & Mason, R. M. (2012) · Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce · doi:10.1080/10919392.2013.748604 · Cited by 42
Resisting corporate communications: Insights into folk linguistics
Llewellyn, N., & Harrison, A. (2006) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726706065374 · Cited by 42
Mental capital : the economic significance of mental health
Weehuizen, R. (2008) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20080627rw · Cited by 42
Teams and Collegiality in Educational Culture
Bovbjerg, K. M. (2006) · European Educational Research Journal · doi:10.2304/eerj.2006.5.3.244 · Cited by 41
Praxis Makes Perfect: Recovering the Ethical Promise of Critical Management Studies
Foster, W., & Wiebe, E. (2010) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-011-0756-6 · Cited by 41
The Lives and Deaths of Jobs: Technical Interdependence and Survival in a Job Structure
Hasan, S., Ferguson, J., & Koning, R. M. (2015) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2015.1014 · Cited by 41
Share capitalism and worker wellbeing
Bryson, A., Clark, A. E., Freeman, R. B., & Green, C. P. (2016) · Labour Economics · doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2016.09.002 · Cited by 41
Dischner, S. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Management · doi:10.1016/j.scaman.2015.10.002 · Cited by 41
Control and autonomy among knowledge workers in sales: an employee perspective
Darr, A. (2003) · Employee Relations · doi:10.1108/01425450310453508 · Cited by 41
Organizational Communication Studies and Gendered Organization: A Response to Martin and Collinson
Mumby, D. K., & Ashcraft, K. L. (2006) · Gender Work and Organization · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0432.2006.00296.x · Cited by 41
‘Blaming oneself’: Examining the dual accountability role of employees
Johansen, T. R. (2006) · Critical Perspectives on Accounting · doi:10.1016/j.cpa.2006.10.002 · Cited by 41
Toward a practice perspective on strategic organizational learning
Voronov, M. (2008) · The Learning Organization · doi:10.1108/09696470810852348 · Cited by 41
“They Allowed”: Pentadic Mapping of Women's Maternity Leave Discourse as Organizational Rhetoric
Meisenbach, R. J., Remke, R., Buzzanell, P. M., & Liu, M. (2008) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637750801952727 · Cited by 41
Lair, D. J., Shenoy, S., McClellan, J. G., & McGuire, T. (2008) · Management Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0893318908318263 · Cited by 41
Conspicuous practice: self-surveillance and commodification in English education
Page, D. (2018) · International Studies in Sociology of Education · doi:10.1080/09620214.2017.1351309 · Cited by 40
Normative Control and Beyond in Contemporary Capitalism
Sturdy, A. J., Fleming, P. J., & Delbridge, R. (2010) · doi:10.1007/978-1-137-11817-2_7 · Cited by 40
High-Performance Work Systems and Labor Market Structures
Appelbaum, E., & Berg, P. (2001) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1225-7_11 · Cited by 40
Colvin, A. J. S. (2006) · British Journal of Industrial Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8543.2006.00488.x · Cited by 40
Hybrid Organizational Culture: The Case of Social Enterprises
Yaari, M., Cohen, E., & Savaya, R. (2019) · Journal of Social Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1080/19420676.2019.1702581 · Cited by 39
Wallo, A., Ellström, P., & Kock, H. (2013) · Leadership & Organization Development Journal · doi:10.1108/01437731311326666 · Cited by 39
Waving, Not Drowning: Explaining and Exploring the Resilience of Labor Process Theory
Thompson, P., & Smith, C. (2009) · Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal · doi:10.1007/s10672-009-9116-4 · Cited by 39
Dingsøyr, T., & Dybå, T. (2012) · Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering · doi:10.5555/2663638.2663645 · Cited by 39
A partial organization approach to the dynamics of social order in social movement organizing
Laamanen, M., Möser, C., Bor, S., & den Hond, F. (2020) · Current Sociology · doi:10.1177/0011392120907643 · Cited by 39
Chen, K. K. (2015) · Sociological Quarterly · doi:10.1111/tsq.12115 · Cited by 39
The proximal‐virtual team continuum: A study of performance
Workman, M. (2007) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.20545 · Cited by 39
Managing university technology development using organizational control theory
Johnson, W. H. A. (2011) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2011.04.001 · Cited by 39
La transformation vers de nouvelles formes d'organisation plus flexibles : un cadre de référence
Roy, M., & Audet, M. (2002) · Gestion · doi:10.3917/riges.274.0043 · Cited by 39
Effective Negotiation: From Research to Results
Fells, R. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511841491 · Cited by 39
The Tyranny of Distance: Kafka and the problem of distance in bureaucratic organizations
McCabe, D. (2013) · Organization · doi:10.1177/1350508413501936 · Cited by 38
How Technological Support Can Enable Advantages of Agile Software Development in a GSE Setting
Dullemond, K., van Gameren, B., & van Solingen, R. (2009) · IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering (ICGSE) · doi:10.1109/icgse.2009.22 · Cited by 38
Beyond Command and Control: Tensions Arising From Empowerment Initiatives
van Baarle, S., Dolmans, S. A. M., Bobelyn, A. S. A., & Romme, A. G. L. (2019) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/0170840618818600 · Cited by 38
Bisel, R. S., Kavya, P., & Tracy, S. J. (2019) · Management Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0893318919897060 · Cited by 38
Values‐based Trust as a Shift Parameter for Collective Organizing: The Case of Magnum Photos
Bhardwaj, A., & Sergeeva, A. (2022) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.12820 · Cited by 38
Carbo, J. A., & Hughes, A. (2010) · Journal of Labor and Society · doi:10.1111/j.1743-4580.2010.00297.x · Cited by 38
Ekman, S. (2013) · Organization · doi:10.1177/1350508412473672 · Cited by 38
Meaning and military power: moving on from Foucault
Smith, P. (2008) · Journal of Power · doi:10.1080/17540290802479186 · Cited by 38
Team design and stress: A multilevel analysis
Cruz, K. S., & Pil, F. K. (2011) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726711409264 · Cited by 38
Market-Based Government and the Decline of Organizational Ethics
Adams, G. B., & Balfour, D. L. (2010) · Administration & Society · doi:10.1177/0095399710381347 · Cited by 38
Practices, Governance, and Politics: Applying MacIntyre’s Ethics to Business
Sinnicks, M. (2014) · Business Ethics Quarterly · doi:10.5840/beq20145299 · Cited by 38
Pimmer, C., & Tulenko, K. (2015) · Mobile Media & Communication · doi:10.1177/2050157915622657 · Cited by 38
Distributed and Mobile Work - Places, people and technology
Vartiainen, M. A., Hakonen, M., Koivisto, S., Mannonen, P., Nieminen, M. P., Ruohomäki, V., & Vartola, A. (2007) · Cited by 38
Organizational Communication and Cultural Studies: A Review Essay
Carlone, D., & Taylor, B. C. (1998) · Communication Theory · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.1998.tb00224.x · Cited by 38
Labour flexibility in the UK commercial television sector
Ursell, G. (1998) · Media Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/016344398020001008 · Cited by 38
Conceptualizing Power in Organizations
Vallas, S. P., & Hill, A. (2012) · Research in the Sociology of Organizations · doi:10.1108/s0733-558x(2012)0000034009 · Cited by 37
An examination of shared leadership configurations and their effectiveness in teams
Chamberlin, M., Nahrgang, J. D., Sessions, H., & Jong, B. A. D. (2024) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2774 · Cited by 37
Knowledge flow from the top: the importance of teamwork structure in team sports
Erhardt, N., Martin‐Rios, C., & Harkins, J. A. (2014) · European Sport Management Quarterly · doi:10.1080/16184742.2014.929159 · Cited by 37
Morality and the consequences of marketing action
Desmond, J., & Crane, A. (2002) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/s0148-2963(02)00452-6 · Cited by 37
Adoption of Employee Involvement Practices: Organizational Change Issues and Insights
Benson, G. S., Kimmel, M., & Lawler, E. E. (2013) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s0897-3016(2013)0000021011 · Cited by 37
Optimal Team Composition: Diversity to Foster Implicit Team Incentives
Glover, J. C., & Kim, E. (2019) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2020.3762 · Cited by 37
van Zoonen, W., Sivunen, A. E., & Treem, J. W. (2021) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2538 · Cited by 37
“Organizing Creativity: Enabling Creative Output, Process, and Organizing Practices”
Chen, K. K. (2012) · Sociology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9020.2012.00480.x · Cited by 37
DeVaro, J. (2008) · Industrial Relations A Journal of Economy and Society · doi:10.1111/j.1468-232x.2008.00540.x · Cited by 37
Liden, R. C., Wayne, S. J., Judge, T. A., Sparrowe, R. T., Kraimer, M. L., & Franz, T. M. (1999) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.84.6.835 · Cited by 37
Pal, M., & Dutta, M. J. (2008) · Annals of the International Communication Association · doi:10.1080/23808985.2008.11679075 · Cited by 37
The impacts of human resource management practices and pay inequality on workers' job satisfactionPreprint
Petrescu, A. I., Simmons, R., & Bradley, S. (2004) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 37
One step forward, two steps back? Skills policy in England under the coalition government
Payne, J., & Keep, E. (2011) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) · Cited by 37
Beane, M., & Leonardi, P. M. (2022) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.12867 · Cited by 36
Dynamics of control on digital platforms
Ens, N., Hukal, P., & Jensen, T. B. (2023) · Information Systems Journal · doi:10.1111/isj.12429 · Cited by 36
Zhou, Q., Sacramento, C. A., & Martinaitytė, I. (2023) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113908 · Cited by 36
Sumanth, J. J., Hannah, S. T., Herbst, K. C., & Thompson, R. L. (2024) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-024-05679-y · Cited by 36
By, R. T., Kuipers, B. S., & Procter, S. (2018) · Journal of Change Management · doi:10.1080/14697017.2018.1433742 · Cited by 36
Engaged yet excluded: The processual, dispersed, and political dynamics of boundary work
Glimmerveen, L. M., Ybema, S. B., & Nies, H. L. G. R. (2019) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726719875494 · Cited by 36
Remote Work and Post-Bureaucracy: Unintended Consequences of Work Design for Gender Inequality
de Laat, K. (2022) · Industrial and Labor Relations Review · doi:10.1177/00197939221076134 · Cited by 36
Using Agile Practices to Build Trust in an Agile Team: A Case Study
McHugh, O., Conboy, K., & Lang, M. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9790-6_40 · Cited by 36
Leadership Processes in Virtual Teams and Organizations
Oakley, J. G. (1999) · Journal of Leadership Studies · doi:10.1177/107179199900500301 · Cited by 36
Work and Family in America: Growing Tensions between Employment Policy and a Transformed Workforce
Kossek, E. E. (2006) · Palgrave Macmillan US eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781403983596_4 · Cited by 36
Manufacturing Control: Supervisory Systems on the `New' Shopfloor
Delbridge, R., & Lowe, J. (1997) · Sociology · doi:10.1177/0038038597031003003 · Cited by 35
Exploring Norms in Agile Software Teams
Stray, V. G., Fægri, T. E., & Moe, N. B. (2016) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-49094-6_31 · Cited by 35
Litwin, A. S., & Eaton, A. E. (2017) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.21835 · Cited by 35
Bruning, P. F., Alge, B. J., & Lin, H. (2018) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2018.07.002 · Cited by 35
McCabe, D., Ciuk, S., & Gilbert, M. (2019) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726719847268 · Cited by 35
Temporal Structuring as Self-Discipline: Managing time in the budgeting process
Kunzl, F., & Messner, M. (2022) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/01708406221137840 · Cited by 35
Mutual understanding in multi-disciplinary primary health care teams
Quinlan, E., & Robertson, S. (2010) · Journal of Interprofessional Care · doi:10.3109/13561820903520385 · Cited by 35
Maguire, S. (1999) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1023/a:1006162308722 · Cited by 35
Orbe, M. P., & King, G. (2000) · Health Communication · doi:10.1207/s15327027hc1201_03 · Cited by 35
Dealing with the Unexpected: Critical Incidents in the LEGO Mindstorms team
Oliver, D., & Röös, J. (2003) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726703569002 · Cited by 35
A longitudinal study of the influence of shop floor work teams on expressions of ‘us’ and ‘them’
Coupland, C., Blyton, P., & Bacon, N. (2005) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726705058503 · Cited by 35
Theorizing Teamwork under Contemporary Capitalism
Vallas, S. P. (2006) · Research in the sociology of work · doi:10.1016/s0277-2833(06)16001-x · Cited by 34
Zanin, A. C., & Bisel, R. S. (2019) · Culture and Organization · doi:10.1080/14759551.2019.1566233 · Cited by 34
Metadata
- Authors
- Barker, J. R.
- Affiliations
- Marquette University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Barker, James R.
- ORCID
- Barker, James R.
- Venue
- Administrative Science Quarterly
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1993-09
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 408
- ISSN
- 0001-8392 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2006770647
- Cited by
- 2,305
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 53 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 78 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 106 · 2020: 75 · 2019: 89 · 2018: 73 · 2017: 104 · 2016: 101 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 77 · 2013: 92 · 2012: 121
- FWCI
- 32.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Administrative Science Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Management and Organizational Studies
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Management Theory and Practice
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Accounting › Accounting and Organizational Management
- Keywords
- self-managing teams, iron cage, rational control, Weberian bureaucracy, organizational control systems, normative rules, value consensus, rationalization, organizational change, employee autonomy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.