Cited by 370Team Dynamics and PerformanceConflict Management and NegotiationLeadership, Behavior, and Decision-Making Studies

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Conflict and Strategic Choice: How Top Management Teams Disagree

Eisenhardt, Kathleen M., Kahwajy, Jean L., Bourgeois, L. J.·1997·California Management Review

DOI 10.2307/41165886

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Abstract

Substantive conflict is natural within top management teams as executives struggle with making high-stakes choices under conditions of ambiguity and uncertainty. Yet, many top management teams fail to sufficiently debate appropriate courses of action. This article reports on a field study of top management teams and examines four managerial levers that can help executives overcome the cognitive, emotional, and political barriers to engaging in conflict. These levers are: build a heterogeneous team; create frequent interactions within that team; cultivate a distinct symphony of roles such as Counselor, Futurist, and Ms. Action around fundamental tensions within managing; and use multiple-lens tactics such as competitor role playing and multiple alternatives to provide unexpected vantage points on key issues.

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Authors: Eisenhardt, K. M., Kahwajy, J. L., & Bourgeois, L. J.
ORCID: Eisenhardt, Kathleen M.
Venue: California Management Review
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 1997-01
Volume: 39
Issue: 2
Pages: 42-62
ISSN: 0008-1256 (ISSN-L)
2162-8564
DOI: 10.2307/41165886
OpenAlex: W2031754154
Cited by: 370
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 11.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: California Management Review (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Team Dynamics and Performance
Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Conflict Management and Negotiation
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Leadership, Behavior, and Decision-Making Studies
Keywords: top management teams, team conflict, strategic choice, decision making under uncertainty, team heterogeneity, team roles, role play, multiple alternatives, organizational politics

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Conflict and Strategic Choice: How Top Management Teams Disagree

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