Omentin-1, a Novel Adipokine, Is Decreased in Overweight Insulin-Resistant Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance and obesity. Recent studies have shown that plasma omentin-1 levels decrease with obesity. Currently, no data exist on the relative expression and regulation of omentin-1 in adipose tissue of women with PCOS. The objective of this study was to assess mRNA and protein levels of omentin-1, including circulating omentin-1, in omental adipose tissue of women with PCOS and matched control subjects. Ex vivo and in vivo regulation of adipose tissue omentin-1 was also studied. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to assess mRNA and protein expression of omentin-1. Plasma omentin-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of d-glucose, insulin, and gonadal and adrenal steroids on adipose tissue omentin-1 were analyzed ex vivo. The in vivo effects of insulin (hyperinsulinemia) on omentin-1 levels were also assessed by a prolonged insulin-glucose infusion. RESULTS: In addition to decreased plasma omentin-1 levels in women with PCOS (P < 0.05), compared with control subjects, there was significantly lower levels of omentin-1 mRNA (P < 0.01) and protein (P < 0.05) in omental adipose tissue of women with PCOS (P < 0.01). Furthermore, in omental adipose tissue explants, insulin and glucose significantly dose-dependently decreased omentin-1 mRNA expression, protein levels, and secretion into conditioned media (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Also, hyperinsulinemic induction in healthy subjects significantly reduced plasma omentin-1 levels (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our novel findings reveal that omentin-1 is downregulated by insulin and glucose. These may, in part, explain the decreased omentin-1 levels observed in our overweight women with PCOS.
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High leptin levels may lead to insulin resistance in nonobese PCOS patients by promoting four events: inhibition of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fat deposition in skeletal muscle cells, fat breakdown and free fatty acid production, and direct inhibition of basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
“High leptin levels may lead to IR in nonobese PCOS patients by promoting the following events: (i) inhibition of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, causing decreased hepatic glucose oxidation and increased hepatic glycogen reserve; (ii) fat deposition in skeletal muscle cells; (iii) fat breakdown and free fatty acid production; and (iv) direct inhibition of basal insulin secretion and glucose-stim”
From Circulating Adipokine Levels in Nonobese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and in Nonobese Control Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [33]
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- Authors
- Tan, B. K., Adya, R., Farhatullah, S., Lewandowski, K. C., O’Hare, P., Lehnert, H., & Randeva, H. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Warwick (GB)
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Group, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2008-04-01
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 801-808
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W2110727962
- Cited by
- 273
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 13.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- omentin-1, adipokines, polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, obesity, omental adipose tissue, glucose, hyperinsulinemia, sex steroids, adrenal steroids, overweight women
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Glucose, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Lipids, Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Reference Values, RNA, Messenger, Body Mass Index, Cytokines, DNA, Complementary, Patient Selection, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Lectins, Overweight, GPI-Linked Proteins
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