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Differential Adaptation of Human Gut Microbiota to Bariatric Surgery–Induced Weight Loss
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Obesity alters gut microbiota ecology and associates with low-grade inflammation in humans. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is one of the most efficient procedures for the treatment of morbid obesity resulting in drastic weight loss and improvement of metabolic and inflammatory status. We analyzed the impact of RYGB on the modifications of gut microbiota and examined links with adaptations associated with this procedure. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Gut microbiota was profiled from fecal samples by real-time quantitative PCR in 13 lean control subjects and in 30 obese individuals (with seven type 2 diabetics) explored before (M0), 3 months (M3), and 6 months (M6) after RYGB. RESULTS: Four major findings are highlighted: 1) Bacteroides/Prevotella group was lower in obese subjects than in control subjects at M0 and increased at M3. It was negatively correlated with corpulence, but the correlation depended highly on caloric intake; 2) Escherichia coli species increased at M3 and inversely correlated with fat mass and leptin levels independently of changes in food intake; 3) lactic acid bacteria including Lactobacillus/Leuconostoc/Pediococcus group and Bifidobacterium genus decreased at M3; and 4) Faecalibacterium prausnitzii species was lower in subjects with diabetes and associated negatively with inflammatory markers at M0 and throughout the follow-up after surgery independently of changes in food intake. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that components of the dominant gut microbiota rapidly adapt in a starvation-like situation induced by RYGB while the F. prausnitzii species is directly linked to the reduction in low-grade inflammation state in obesity and diabetes independently of calorie intake.
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“Moreover, our results are in agreement with previous findings showing an expansion of Proteobacteria shortly after RYGB, both in humans (Furet et al., 2010; Graessler et al., 2013; Kong et al., 2013; Zhang et al., 2009) and mice (Liou et al., 2013).”
From Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Vertical Banded Gastroplasty Induce Long-Term Changes on the Human Gut Microbiome Contributing to Fat Mass Regulation (2015) · cites this paper as Furet et al., 2010
In the citing paper
“Recent work has also indicated that the gut microbiota may mediate some of the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery, and changes in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota have been observed in the short term after RYGB in humans (Furet et al., 2010; Graessler et al., 2013; Kong et al., 2013; Zhang et al., 2009), as well as after vertical sleeve gastrectomy and RYGB in mice (Liou et”
From Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Vertical Banded Gastroplasty Induce Long-Term Changes on the Human Gut Microbiome Contributing to Fat Mass Regulation (2015) · cites this paper as Furet et al., 2010
In the citing paper
“Recent work has also indicated that the gut microbiota may mediate some of the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery, and changes in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota have been observed in the short term after RYGB in humans (Furet et al., 2010; Graessler et al., 2013; Kong et al., 2013; Zhang et al., 2009), as well as after vertical sleeve gastrectomy and RYGB in mice (Liou et”
From Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Vertical Banded Gastroplasty Induce Long-Term Changes on the Human Gut Microbiome Contributing to Fat Mass Regulation (2015) · cites this paper as Furet et al., 2010
In the citing paper
“The reduced fat mass gain in GF mice transplanted with RYGB and VBG microbiota is in agreement with our results on the composition of the gut microbiome and with a short-term human study showing an inverse correlation between E. coli abundance and fat mass after RYGB (Furet et al., 2010).”
From Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Vertical Banded Gastroplasty Induce Long-Term Changes on the Human Gut Microbiome Contributing to Fat Mass Regulation (2015) · cites this paper as Furet et al., 2010
In the citing paper
“While this ratio was negatively correlated with body weight, BMI, and body fat mass, the correlation was highly dependent on total calorie intake.”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [163]
In the citing paper
“Furet and colleagues [163] reported that the Bacteroides/Prevotella ratio increased within 3 months after surgery and remained stable thereafter.”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [163]
In the citing paper
“Other alterations, such as the reduction of lactic acid forming bacteria, indicate a complex effect of severe calorie restriction.”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [163]
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Cites
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“Summary metrics, such as species diversity as we analysed above, may help, and have been correlated with microbiota-related properties such as risk of obesity [35], diabetes [36] and recurrent Clostridium difficile infection [37].”
BackgroundAnwar, F., Alhayyani, S., Al-Abbasi, F. A., Nadeem, M. S., & Kumar, V. (2022) · Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology · doi:10.1002/jbt.22986 · Cited by 14
Bariatric Surgery as Treatment Strategy of Obesity in Saudi People: Effects of Gut Microbiota
Alqahtani, S. M., Alfawaz, H., Moubayed, N., Hassan, W. M., Almnaizel, A. T., Alshiban, N. M., Abuhaimed, J. M., Alahmed, M. F., Al-Dagal, M. M., & El-Ansary, A. K. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15020361 · Cited by 16
Interaction Between Konjac Glucomannan and Gut Microbiota and Its Impact on Health
Yu, Y., Jin, S., Yang, Y., Han, X., Guan, R., & Zhong, H. (2025) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology14080923 · Cited by 14
“…beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , is markedly reduced in T2DM patients compared to healthy individuals [93,94], whereas the abundance of opportunistic pathogens, like Bacteroides , Escherichia coli , and Desulfovibrio , is significantly increased [95].”
The impact of bariatric surgery on colorectal cancer risk
D’Amato, S., Sofia, M., Agosta, M., Litrico, G., Sarvà, I., Greca, G. L., & Latteri, S. (2022) · Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.soard.2022.10.016 · Cited by 15
Diet-Induced Microbiome’s Impact on Heart Failure: A Double-Edged Sword
Rodrigues, A. A., Gonçalves, A., Morais, J., Araújo, R., & Falcão‐Pires, I. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15051223 · Cited by 13
Yupingfeng polysaccharide promote the growth of chickens via regulating gut microbiota
Guan, Y., Zheng, W., Bai, Y., & Wu, B. (2024) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1337698 · Cited by 13
Unraveling the Health Benefits and Mechanisms of Time-Restricted Feeding: Beyond Caloric Restriction
Wang, R., Liao, Y., Deng, Y., & Rong, S. (2024) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuae074 · Cited by 15
Advances in the study of the relationship between gut microbiota and erectile dysfunction
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Zhang, S., Tang, S., Liu, Y., Xue, B., Xie, Q., Zhao, L., & Yuan, H. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1500336 · Cited by 14
Dennison, C. A., Eslinger, A. J., & Reimer, R. A. (2017) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2017.00301 · Cited by 13
“Bacteroides/Prevotella has been shown to be lower in subjects with obesity compared with healthy weight subjects and it is negatively associated with BMI and body fat mass (56).”
BackgroundImmunomodulatory role of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in obesity and metabolic disorders
Yousefi, B., Mohammadlou, M., Bahar, A., Falalyeyeva, T. M., Kobyliak, N. M., & Eslami, M. (2021) · Minerva Biotechnology and Biomolecular Research · doi:10.23736/s2724-542x.21.02759-2 · Cited by 13
When specific gut microbes reveal a possible link between hepatic steatosis and adipose tissue
Cani, P. D. (2014) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2014.04.006 · Cited by 14
“prausnitzii was associated with an improved inflammatory status in obese patients [16].”
BackgroundBenefits of bariatric surgery: an issue of microbial–host metabolism interactions?
Cani, P. D., & Delzenne, N. M. (2011) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2011.242503 · Cited by 13
“Over the last years, bariatric surgical approaches (eg, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery) have provided interesting results, not only in achieving and maintaining appropriate weight loss, but most importantly by the resolution of type 2 diabetes independently of weight changes.(4) Although the modulation of gut…”
BackgroundRyan, P. M., & Delzenne, N. M. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802304-4.00018-9 · Cited by 12
Lifestyle-Induced Microbial Gradients: An Indian Perspective
Singh, R., Haque, M. M., & Mande, S. S. (2019) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02874 · Cited by 14
Development of minimally invasive techniques for management of medically-complicated obesity
Rashti, F. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13424 · Cited by 13
Özdemir, A., Yozgat, A., Işgın‐Atıcı, K., Avcı, E., Yıldız, B. D., Gündoğdu, A., Nalbantoğlu, U., Turhan, T., Al, F. D., & Büyüktuncer, Z. (2022) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/jhn.13087 · Cited by 12
Response of the gut microbiota to changes in the nutritional status of red deer during winter
Guo, J., Li, Z., Liu, X., Jin, Y., Sun, Y., Yuan, Z., Weiqi, Z., Wang, J., & Zhang, M. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-76142-1 · Cited by 13
Prebiotics to manage the microbial control of energy homeostasis
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“, 2010) or the abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (Furet et al., 2010) in microbiota from diabetic individuals and a lower presence of microbiota-related metabolites in the blood and urine of diabetic individuals (Lucio et al.”
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Changes in Weight Status and the Intestinal Microbiota Among College Freshman, Aged 18 Years
Journey, E., Ortega‐Santos, C. P., Bruening, M. M., & Whisner, C. M. (2019) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.06.005 · Cited by 12
Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Morbidly Obese Patients After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Kural, A., Khan, I., Seyit, H., Çağlar, T. R., Toklu, P., & Vural, M. (2021) · Future Microbiology · doi:10.2217/fmb-2021-0043 · Cited by 12
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Harnessing the beneficial properties of adipogenic microbes for improving human health
Dhurandhar, N. V., Geurts, L., Atkinson, R. L., Casteilla, L., Clément, K., Gérard, P., Vijay‐Kumar, M., Nam, J. H., Nieuwdorp, M., Trovato, G. M., et al. (2013) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12045 · Cited by 13
Self-citationEffect of the Gut Microbiota on Obesity and Its Underlying Mechanisms: an Update
Ling Ling, Q. I. A. N., Li, H. T., Zhang, L., Qi Chen, F. A. N. G., & Jia, W. (2015) · Biomedical and Environmental Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0895-3988(15)30116-1 · Cited by 16
Intestinal and Gastric Origins for Diabetes Resolution After Bariatric Surgery
Andrew, C. A., Umashanker, D., Aronne, L. J., & Shukla, A. P. (2018) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-018-0302-2 · Cited by 12
Kumar, R., Grams, J. M., Chu, D. I., Crossman, D. K., Stahl, R. D., Eipers, P. G., Goldsmith, K., Crowley, M., Lefkowitz, E. J., & Morrow, C. D. (2018) · Human Microbiome Journal · doi:10.1016/j.humic.2018.10.002 · Cited by 12
Targeting Islets: Metabolic Surgery Is More than a Bariatric Surgery
Chen, X., Zhang, J., & Zhou, Z. (2019) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-019-03979-1 · Cited by 13
Akkermansia muciniphila bacteria: a new perspective on the management of obesity: an updated review
Payahoo, L., Khajebishak, Y., & Ostadrahimi, A. (2018) · Reviews in Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1097/mrm.0000000000000161 · Cited by 12
“Dietary modifications and surgical manipulations result in weight loss, which can inverse this ratio [43].”
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Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes
Roden, M., Petersen, K. F., & Shulman, G. I. (2024) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119697473.ch17 · Cited by 14
Remission of type 2 diabetes: A critical appraisal
Ricci, M., Mancebo-Sevilla, J. J., Cobos-Palacios, L., Sanz‐Cánovas, J., Sampalo, A. L., Hernández-Negrín, H., Velasco, M. Á. P., Perez-Belmonte, L. M., Bernal-López, M. R., & Gómez‐Huelgas, R. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1125961 · Cited by 12
Identifying Gut Microbiota associated with Gastrointestinal Symptoms upon Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Wijdeveld, M., van Olst, N., van der Vossen, E. W. J., de Brauw, M., Acherman, Y. I. Z., de Goffau, M. C., Gerdes, V. E. A., & Nieuwdorp, M. (2023) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-023-06610-6 · Cited by 11
“It has been suggested that the altered intestinal microbiota after RYGB could be a cause for these GI complaints as it undergoes significant changes after surgery [5, 6].”
BackgroundProbiotics, gut microbiome, and cardiovascular diseases: An update
Dosh, L., Ghazi, M., Haddad, K., Masri, J. E., Hawi, J. S., Leone, A., Basset, C. A., Geagea, A. G., Jurjus, R. A., & Jurjus, A. R. (2024) · Transplant Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.trim.2024.102000 · Cited by 11
Gastric Bypass vs Diet and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
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Metadata
- Authors
- Furet, J.-P., Kong, L.-C., Tap, J., Poitou, C., Basdevant, A., Bouillot, J.-L., Mariat, D., Corthier, G., Doré, J., Henegar, C., Rizkalla, S., & Clément, K.
- Affiliations
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (FR)
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Nutrition et d'Endocrinologie, Paris, France, and the Centre de Recherche Nutrition Humaine, Ile de France, Paris, France;
- Inserm (FR)
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (FR)
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research, U910, Unité d'Ecologie et de Physiologie du Système Digestif, Jouy-en-Josas, France;
- Corresponding author
- Clément, Karine
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2010-09-28
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 3049-3057
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- PMC
- PMC2992765
- OpenAlex
- W2154660883
- Cited by
- 1,173
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 81 · 2021: 92 · 2020: 121 · 2019: 98 · 2018: 78 · 2017: 94 · 2016: 96 · 2015: 98 · 2014: 84 · 2013: 76 · 2012: 42
- FWCI
- 19.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association
- Sanofi
- Danone
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
- NIH Clinical Center
- CHIST-ERA
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, bariatric surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, morbid obesity, weight loss, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Escherichia coli, lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium, low-grade inflammation, type 2 diabetes, leptin, caloric restriction, starvation adaptation
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Blood Glucose, Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Feces, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Male, Obesity, Pediococcus, Starvation, Thinness, Weight Loss, Polymerase Chain Reaction, DNA Primers, Bariatric Surgery
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