The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Vitamin D Status and Glucose Homeostasis in the 1958 British Birth Cohort
Abstract
OBJECTIVE—Obesity is a well-known risk factor for vitamin D deficiency. We evaluated the interrelationship between vitamin D status, body size, and glucose homeostasis, measured by HbA1c (A1C). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Data are from the survey of the 45-year-old 1958 British birth cohort (2002–2004). Information on A1C, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D; an indicator of vitamin D status], and BMI was collected from 7,198 Caucasian subjects. RESULTS—25(OH)D was <75 nmol/l in 80% of the obese subjects (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) versus 68% of the other subjects (P < 0.0001). Serum 25(OH)D decreased and A1C increased by increasing BMI (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). There was a nonlinear association between 25(OH)D and A1C: a steep linear decrease in A1C by 25(OH)D until 65 nmol/l and only smaller decreases with further increases. There was evidence for effect modification by BMI in the association between 25(OH)D and A1C (P < 0.0001), and differences appeared stronger for participants with higher compared with lower BMIs. After adjustment for sex, season, geographical location, physical activity, and social class, percent change in A1C by 10-nmol/l increase in 25(OH)D was −0.21 (95% CI −0.31 to −0.11) for BMI <25 kg/m2, −0.25 (−0.37 to −0.13) for BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2, −0.65 (−0.95 to −0.34) for BMI 30–34.9 kg/m2, and −1.37 (−2.09 to −0.64) for BMI ≥35 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS—Body size was a strong determinant for 25(OH)D, with concentrations being suboptimal in most obese participants. Randomized controlled trials [using dosages sufficient to improve 25(OH)D also for the obese] are required to determine whether clinically relevant improvements in glucose metabolism can be obtained by vitamin D supplementation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obesity
Wortsman, J., Matsuoka, L. Y., Chen, T. C., Lu, Z., & Holick, M. F. (2000) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/72.3.690 · Cited by 3,204
Multiple Imputation of Missing Values
Royston, P. (2004) · The Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata · doi:10.1177/1536867x0400400301 · Cited by 2,340 · cited 1×
“Multiple imputation (10 cycles) was used for missing information on waist circumference or physical activity (n 238) (16).”
MethodEstimates of optimal vitamin D status
Dawson-Hughes, B., Heaney, R. P., Holick, M. F., Lips, P., Meunier, P. J., & Vieth, R. (2005) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-005-1867-7 · Cited by 1,854
Hypovitaminosis D is associated with insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction
Chiu, K. C., Chu, A., Go, V. L. W., & Saad, M. F. (2004) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.5.820 · Cited by 1,642
PIECEWISE REGRESSION: A TOOL FOR IDENTIFYING ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLDS
Toms, J. D., & Lesperance, M. L. (2003) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/02-0472 · Cited by 1,038
Cohort profile: 1958 British birth cohort (National Child Development Study)
Power, C., & Elliott, J. (2006) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyi183 · Cited by 975
Self-citationScragg, R., Sowers, M., & Bell, C. (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.12.2813 · Cited by 963
Snijder, M. B., van Dam, R. M., Visser, M., Deeg, D. J. H., Dekker, J. M., Bouter, L. M., Seidell, J. C., & Lips, P. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0216 · Cited by 681
Body Fat Content and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Healthy Women
Arunabh, S., Pollack, S., Yeh, J., & Aloia, J. F. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2002-020978 · Cited by 623
Carter, G. D., Carter, R., Jones, J., & Berry, J. (2004) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2004.040683 · Cited by 306
Cited by
Obesity and vitamin Ddeficiency: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Pereira‐Santos, M., Costa, P. R. F., Assis, A. M. O., Santos, C. A. S. T., & Santos, D. B. (2015) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12239 · Cited by 858
Hyppönen, E., & Power, C. (2007) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.3.860 · Cited by 756
Self-citationThe urgent need to recommend an intake of vitamin D that is effective
Vieth, R., Bischoff-Ferrari, H., Boucher, B. J., Dawson-Hughes, B., Garland, C. F., Heaney, R. P., Holick, M. F., Hollis, B. W., Lamberg-Allardt, C., McGrath, J. J., et al. (2007) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.3.649 · Cited by 684
Adiposity, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Vitamin D Status: The Framingham Heart Study
Cheng, S., Massaro, J. M., Fox, C. S., Larson, M. G., Keyes, M. J., McCabe, E. L., Robins, S. J., O'Donnell, C. J., Hoffmann, U., Jacques, P. F., et al. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-1011 · Cited by 521
Alemzadeh, R., Kichler, J., Babar, G., & Calhoun, M. (2008) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2007.08.023 · Cited by 419
Metadata
- Authors
- Hyppönen, E., & Power, C.
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2006-10-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2244-2246
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2065675245
- Cited by
- 277
- References
- 15
- FWCI
- 8.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Vitamin D Status and Glucose Homeostasis in the 1958 British Birth Cohort. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2337/dc06-0946
- The paper
- Hyppönen, E., & Power, C. (2006). Vitamin D Status and Glucose Homeostasis in the 1958 British Birth Cohort. Diabetes Care. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc06-0946
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
