The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Trends in the Prevalence of Preexisting Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among a Racially/Ethnically Diverse Population of Pregnant Women, 1999–2005
Abstract
OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to assess changes in the prevalence of preexisting diabetes (diabetes antedating pregnancy) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) from 1999 through 2005. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In this retrospective study of 175,249 women aged 13–58 years with 209,287 singleton deliveries of ≥20 weeks’ gestation from 1999 through 2005 in all Kaiser Permanente hospitals in southern California, information from clinical databases and birth certificates was used to estimate the prevalence of preexisting diabetes and GDM. RESULTS—Preexisting diabetes was identified in 2,784 (1.3%) of all pregnancies, rising from an age- and race/ethnicity-adjusted prevalence of 0.81 per 100 in 1999 to 1.82 per 100 in 2005 (Ptrend < 0.001). Significant increases were observed in all age-groups and all racial/ethnic groups. After women with preexisting diabetes were excluded, GDM was identified in 15,121 (7.6%) of 199,298 screened pregnancies. The age- and race/ethnicity-adjusted GDM prevalence remained constant at 7.5 per 100 in 1999 to 7.4 per 100 in 2005 (Ptrend = 0.07). Among all deliveries to women with either form of diabetes, 10% were due to preexisting diabetes in 1999, rising to 21% in 2005, with GDM accounting for the remainder. CONCLUSIONS—The stable prevalence of GDM and increase in the prevalence of preexisting diabetes were independent of changes in the age and race/ethnicity of the population. The increase in preexisting diabetes, particularly among younger women early in their reproductive years, is of concern.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Multiple imputation under a missing at random assumption 18,19 using the Mice R package 20 was used in the analyses to model the outcomes for children to account for missing data for Tanner stage”
From Association of Gestational Diabetes With Maternal Disorders of Glucose Metabolism and Childhood Adiposity (2018) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“As the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes has increased, the number of women with undiagnosed diabetes has risen (173).”
From Guidelines and recommendations for laboratory analysis in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus (2011) · cites this paper as [173]
In the citing paper
“As ongoing epidemics of obesity and diabetes result in more type 2 diabetes in young women, the number who are undiagnosed (before pregnancy) is increasing (49,50).”
From International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Recommendations on the Diagnosis and Classification of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy (2010) · cites this paper as [49]
In the citing paper
“However, this is consistent with the high prevalence of obesity and disorders of glucose metabolism in the general population of young adults (21,22) and with recent reports of a rising prevalence of GDM and preexisting overt diabetes in pregnant women (49).”
From International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Recommendations on the Diagnosis and Classification of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy (2010) · cites this paper as [49]
Citations
Cites
(2005) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-27255-0_9 · Cited by 20,333
Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions
Fleiss, J. L., Levin, B., & Paik, M. C. (2003) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/0471445428 · Cited by 18,646
McCullagh, P., & Nelder, J. A. (1989) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-3242-6 · Cited by 16,836
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004
Ogden, C. L., Carroll, M. D., Curtin, L. R., McDowell, M. A., Tabak, C. J., & Flegal, K. M. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.13.1549 · Cited by 8,720
Gestational Diabetes and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes
Kim, C., Newton, K. M., & Knopp, R. H. (2002) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.25.10.1862 · Cited by 2,276
Buchanan, T. A., & Xiang, A. H. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200524531 · Cited by 2,123
Dabelea, D., Hanson, R. L., Lindsay, R. S., Pettitt, D. J., Imperatore, G., Gabir, M. M., Roumain, J., Bennett, P. H., & Knowler, W. C. (2000) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.12.2208 · Cited by 1,277
A comparison of glyburide and insulin in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Langer, O., Conway, D. L., Berkus, M. D., Xenakis, E. M.-J., & Gonzales, O. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200010193431601 · Cited by 924
American Diabetes Association (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.2007.s88 · Cited by 916
SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study Group (2006) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2006-0690 · Cited by 726
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Consensus Panel (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-1848 · Cited by 5,390
Standards of medical care in diabetes—2014
American Diabetes Association (2014) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc14-s014 · Cited by 4,572
Standards of medical care in diabetes—2013
American Diabetes Association (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-s011 · Cited by 4,369
Standards of medical care in diabetes 2010
American Diabetes Association (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc10-s011 · Cited by 3,470
2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2018
American Diabetes Association (2018) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc18-s002 · Cited by 3,159
Metadata
- Authors
- Lawrence, J. M., Contreras, R., Chen, W., & Sacks, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Kaiser Permanente (US)
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2008-05-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 899-904
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2126878764
- Cited by
- 658
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 57 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 47 · 2012: 66
- FWCI
- 44.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- pregestational diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus, prevalence trends, pregnant women, racial and ethnic diversity, young women, Kaiser Permanente, diabetes in pregnancy
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, California, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Group Practice, Humans, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Probability, Retrospective Studies, Prevalence, Diabetes, Gestational
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
