The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Selective Insulin Resistance in Homeostatic and Cognitive Control Brain Areas in Overweight and Obese Adults
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Impaired brain insulin action has been linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. To date, the central nervous effects of insulin in obese humans still remain ill defined, and no study thus far has evaluated the specific brain areas affected by insulin resistance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In 25 healthy lean and 23 overweight/obese participants, we performed magnetic resonance imaging to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) before and 15 and 30 min after application of intranasal insulin or placebo. Additionally, participants explicitly rated pictures of high-caloric savory and sweet food 60 min after the spray for wanting and liking. RESULTS: In response to insulin compared with placebo, we found a significant CBF decrease in the hypothalamus in both lean and overweight/obese participants. The magnitude of this response correlated with visceral adipose tissue independent of other fat compartments. Furthermore, we observed a differential response in the lean compared with the overweight/obese group in the prefrontal cortex, resulting in an insulin-induced CBF reduction in lean participants only. This prefrontal cortex response significantly correlated with peripheral insulin sensitivity and eating behavior measures such as disinhibition and food craving. Behaviorally, we were able to observe a significant reduction for the wanting of sweet foods after insulin application in lean men only. CONCLUSIONS: Brain insulin action was selectively impaired in the prefrontal cortex in overweight and obese adults and in the hypothalamus in participants with high visceral adipose tissue, potentially promoting an altered homeostatic set point and reduced inhibitory control contributing to overeating behavior.
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In the citing paper
“However, in our previous placebo-controlled assessments6,8,39 (see Supplementary Material 2 for more details), the placebo nasal spray did not impact hypothalamic blood flow.”
From Brain insulin action on peripheral insulin sensitivity in women depends on menstrual cycle phase (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“we evaluated hypothalamic CBF response before and 30 min after placebo administration based on previous publications8,39.”
From Brain insulin action on peripheral insulin sensitivity in women depends on menstrual cycle phase (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“On the basis of our previous findings3,8, we assessed the insulin-induced response of hypothalamic cerebral blood flow (CBF) as a readout for hypothalamic insulin action.”
From Brain insulin action on peripheral insulin sensitivity in women depends on menstrual cycle phase (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“CBF was extracted from the hypothalamus as our region of interest, based on recent findings3,8.”
From Brain insulin action on peripheral insulin sensitivity in women depends on menstrual cycle phase (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“For the fMRI study, the sample size was chosen based on previous studies using fMRI in combination with intranasal insulin versus placebo showing moderate-to-high within-group (dz = 0.7) and high between-group differences (dz = 0.9) in hypothalamus insulin action8,48.”
From Brain insulin action on peripheral insulin sensitivity in women depends on menstrual cycle phase (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“No significant change in hypothalamic blood flow was observed in 110 healthy participants (P > 0.05).”
From Brain insulin action on peripheral insulin sensitivity in women depends on menstrual cycle phase (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kullmann, S., Heni, M., Veit, R., Scheffler, K., Machann, J., Häring, H.-U., Fritsche, A., & Preissl, H.
- Affiliations
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DE)
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Kullmann, Stephanie
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2015-03-20
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1044-1050
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2053859901
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 10.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- Site cant be reached (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01GIL22F)
- Helmholtz Alliance ICEMED
- European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)
- German Diabetes Foundation (DDS 309/01/12)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Keywords
- brain insulin resistance, intranasal insulin, cerebral blood flow, hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex, visceral adipose tissue, obesity, overweight, food cravings, desire to eat, disinhibition, dietary habits, homeostatic set point, inhibitory control, cognitive control
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Intranasal, Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Cognition, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Feeding Behavior, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Hunger, Hypoglycemic Agents, Hypothalamus, Inhibition, Psychological, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Obesity, Body Mass Index, Prefrontal Cortex, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Overweight, Craving
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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