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Impaired Insulin-Mediated Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow in Patients With NIDDM
Abstract
Patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes metlitus (NIDDM) exhibit decreased rates of skeletal muscle insulin-mediated glucose uptake (IMGU). Because IMGU is equal to the product of the arteriovenous glucose difference (AVGΔ) across and blood flow (F) into muscle (IMGU = AVGΔ × F), reduced tissue permeability (AVGΔ) and/or glucose and insulin delivery (F) can potentially lead to decreased IMGU. The components of skeletal muscle IMGU were studied in six obese NIDDM subjects (103 ± 9 kg) and compared with those previously determined in six lean (weight 68 ± 3 kg), and six obese (94 ± 3 kg) with normal glucose tolerance. The insulin dose-response curves for whole body and leg muscle IMGU were constructed using the combined euglycemic clamp and leg balance techniques during sequential insulin infusions (range of serum insulin 130–80,000 pmol/L). In lean, obese, and NIDDM subjects, whole body IMGU, femoral AVGΔ, and leg IMGU increased in a dose-dependent fashion over the range of insulin with an ED50 of 400–500 pmol/L in lean, 1000–1200 pmol/L in obese, and 4000–7000 pmol/L in NIDDM subjects (P < 0.01 lean vs. obese and NIDDM). In lean and obese subjects, maximally effective insulin concentrations increased leg blood flow ∼2-fold from basal with an ED50 of 266 pmol/L and 957 pmol/L, respectively (P < 0.01 lean vs. obese). In contrast, leg F did not increase from the basal value in NIDDM subjects (2.7 ± 0.1 vs. 3.5 ± 0.5 dl/min, NS). In the physiological range of insulin concentrations NIDDM subjects had lower body IMGU, leg F, femoral AVGΔ, and leg IMGU than obese and lean subjects, but at maximally effective insulin concentrations, femoral AVGA did not differ between obese and NIDDM subjects. Thus, 1) both reduced skeletal muscle tissue permeability and blood flow are found in NIDDM subjects and 2) impaired insulin-mediated augmentation of skeletal muscle blood flow in obese NIDDM patients is due to the diabetic state per se and not to the obesity status. Whether reduced skeletal muscle blood flow is the result or the cause of insulin resistance in patients with NIDDM remains to be elucidated.
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“subjects with prediabetes require more glucose than a subject with overt type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).”
From The Vasculature in Prediabetes (2018) · cites this paper as [7]
In the citing paper
“Attenuated increases in insulin-stimulated limb blood flow result in decreased limb glucose uptake.”
From The Vasculature in Prediabetes (2018) · cites this paper as [7]
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“It has been reported that DM and DPN are associated with dysfunction in the macro- and microvasculature (10, 18, 22, 34, 60), as well as slowed oxygen kinetics during exercise (45, 46).”
BackgroundDirect Vasodepressor Effects of Pioglitazone in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
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Insulin action in muscle and adipose tissue in type 2 diabetes: The significance of blood flow
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Erectile dysfunction: does insulin resistance play a part?
Trussell, J. C., & Legro, R. S. (2007) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.01.116 · Cited by 44
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“However, in insulin-resistant states, such as obesity [19], and type 2 diabetes [4, 7 ], there is ample evidence that insulin-mediated vasodilatation may be blunted (Fig. 2), possibly because of defective NO synthesis resulting from endothelial dysfunction.”
BackgroundInfluentialOlver, T. D., Grunewald, Z. I., Jurrissen, T. J., MacPherson, R. E. K., LeBlanc, P. J., Schnurbusch, T., Czajkowski, A. M., Laughlin, M. H., Rector, R. S., Bender, S. B., et al. (2017) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00213.2017 · Cited by 45
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CARDIOVASCULAR ACTIONS OF INSULIN: ARE THEY IMPORTANT IN LONG‐TERM BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION?
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Obesity Affects Myocardial Vasoreactivity and Coronary Flow Response to Insulin
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Insulin Resistance and Insulin Sensitizers
Stümvoll, M., & Häring, H. U. (2001) · Hormone Research in Paediatrics · doi:10.1159/000063466 · Cited by 42
Insulin, Muscle Glucose Uptake, and Hexokinase: Revisiting the Road Not Taken
Wasserman, D. H. (2021) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiol.00034.2021 · Cited by 44
Insulin resistance: potential role of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor ADMA
Sydow, K., Mondon, C. E., & Cooke, J. P. (2005) · Vascular Medicine · doi:10.1191/1358863x05vm604oa · Cited by 39
Obesity lowers hyperglycemic threshold for impaired in vivo endothelial nitric oxide function
Bohlen, H. G., & Nase, G. P. (2002) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00019.2002 · Cited by 37
Metadata
- Authors
- Laakso, M., Edelman, S. V., Brechtel, G., & Baron, A. D.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 1992-09-01
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1076-1083
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W1984231396
- Cited by
- 470
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 14.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of California, Irvine
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK42469)
- National Center for Research Resources (M-01RR00827, M01RR000827)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, skeletal muscle blood flow, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, insulin resistance, obesity, arteriovenous glucose difference, insulin dose-response, euglycemic clamp, femoral blood flow, glucose tolerance
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glucose, Humans, Insulin, Leg, Muscles, Obesity, Regional Blood Flow
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