Cited by 1,475Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsCardiovascular Health and Risk FactorsCardiovascular Function and Risk Factors

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

NCEP-Defined Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, and Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease Among NHANES III Participants Age 50 Years and Older

Alexander, Charles M., Landsman, Pamela B., Teutsch, Steven M., Haffner, Steven M.·2003·Diabetes

DOI 10.2337/diabetes.52.5.1210

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Although the individual components of the metabolic syndrome are clearly associated with increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), we wanted to quantify the increased prevalence of CHD among people with metabolic syndrome. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) was used to categorize adults over 50 years of age by presence of metabolic syndrome (National Cholesterol Education Program [NCEP] definition) with or without diabetes. Demographic and risk factor information was determined for each group, as well as the proportion of each group meeting specific criteria for metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of CHD for each group was then determined. Metabolic syndrome is very common, with ∼44% of the U.S. population over 50 years of age meeting the NCEP criteria. In contrast, diabetes without metabolic syndrome is uncommon (13% of those with diabetes). Older Americans over 50 years of age without metabolic syndrome regardless of diabetes status had the lowest CHD prevalence (8.7% without diabetes, 7.5% with diabetes). Compared with those with metabolic syndrome, people with diabetes without metabolic syndrome did not have an increase in CHD prevalence. Those with metabolic syndrome without diabetes had higher CHD prevalence (13.9%), and those with both metabolic syndrome and diabetes had the highest prevalence of CHD (19.2%) compared with those with neither. Metabolic syndrome was a significant univariate predictor of prevalent CHD (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.66–2.59). However, blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, and diabetes, but not presence of metabolic syndrome, were significant multivariate predictors of prevalent CHD. The prevalence of CHD markedly increased with the presence of metabolic syndrome. Among people with diabetes, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was very high, and those with diabetes and metabolic syndrome had the highest prevalence of CHD. Among all individuals with diabetes, prevalence of CHD was increased compared with those with metabolic syndrome without diabetes. However, individuals with diabetes without metabolic syndrome had no greater prevalence of CHD compared with those with neither.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2337/diabetes.52.5.1210

Cites

30 of 30 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge
Friedewald, W. T., Levy, R. I., & Fredrickson, D. S. (1972) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/18.6.499 · Cited by 32,423
Summary of the second report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II)
Grundy, S. M., Bilheimer, D. W., Chait, A., Clark, L. T., Denke, M. A., Havel, R. J., Hazzard, W. R., Hulley, S. B., Hunninghake, D. B., Kreisberg, R. A., et al. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.269.23.3015 · Cited by 27,944
Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)
Expert Panel on Detection, E. (2001) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.285.19.2486 · Cited by 26,011
Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease
Reaven, G. M. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.37.12.1595 · Cited by 12,154
Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus* (2002) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.25.2007.s5 · Cited by 10,325
Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome Among US Adults: Findings From the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Ford, E. S., Giles, W. H., & Dietz, W. H. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.3.356 · Cited by 6,698
Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus (1997) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.20.7.1183 · Cited by 6,220
Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome
Isomaa, B., Almgren, P., Tuomi, T., Forsén, B., Lahti, K., Nissén, M., Taskinen, M.-R., & Groop, L. (2001) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.24.4.683 · Cited by 4,760
Diabetes, Other Risk Factors, and 12-Yr Cardiovascular Mortality for Men Screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial
Stamler, J., Vaccaro, O., Neaton, J. D., Wentworth, D., & The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group (1993) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.16.2.434 · Cited by 4,063
Cardiovascular Survey Methods.
Rose, G., & Blackburn, H. (1968) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-69-6-1335_2 · Cited by 3,090

Show all 30 references

Sorted by citations

Items 701–800 of 998

Planificación del tratamiento de la hipercolesterolemia orientada a la obtención de objetivos
Masana, L., & Plana, N. (2005) · Medicina Clínica · doi:10.1157/13070853 · Cited by 17
Metabolic Syndrome or Insulin Resistance: Evolution, Controversies and Association With Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Chopra, A. K. (2020) · Indian Journal of Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2632463620935030 · Cited by 17
Metabolic syndrome inhibits store-operated Ca2+ entry and calcium-induced calcium-release mechanism in coronary artery smooth muscle
Climent, B., Santiago, E., Sánchez, A., Muñoz, M., Pérez‐Vizcaíno, F., García‐Sacristán, A., Rivera, L., & Prieto, D. (2020) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114222 · Cited by 17
Metabolic syndrome in Thai adolescents and associated factors: the Thai National Health Examination Survey V (NHES V)
Siwarom, S., Aekplakorn, W., Pirojsakul, K., Paksi, W., Kessomboon, P., Neelapaichit, N., Chariyalertsak, S., Assanangkornchai, S., & Taneepanichskul, S. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-10728-6 · Cited by 20
METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ITS COMPONENTS IN SPANISH POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN.
Gallego, M. P. O., López, P. B., Armero, M. Á. T., Alemán, J. A., Albero, J. S., & López, P. J. T. (2015) · PubMed · doi:10.3305/nh.2015.32.2.9211 · Cited by 17
Metabolic syndrome and its components as predictors of all-cause mortality and coronary heart disease in type 2 diabetic patients
Protopsaltis, I. D., Nikolopoulos, G. K., Dimou, E., Brestas, P. S., Kokkoris, S., Korantzopoulos, P. G., & Melidonis, A. J. (2006) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.09.019 · Cited by 17
All‐cause mortality risk predictors in a preventive cardiology clinic cohort‐examining diabetes and individual metabolic syndrome criteria: a PRECIS database study
Doshi, K. B., Kashyap, S. R., Brennan, D. M., Hoar, B. M., Cho, L., & Hoogwerf, B. J. (2008) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00908.x · Cited by 17
Impaired early insulin secretion in Japanese type 2 diabetes with metabolic syndrome
Fukuda-Akita, E., Okita, K., Okauchi, Y., Ryo, M., Nakamura, T., Funahashi, T., Iwahashi, H., Shimomura, I., Miyagawa, J., & Yamagata, K. (2007) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2007.10.003 · Cited by 17
Is the nocturnal fall in blood pressure reduced in essential hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome?
Cuspidi, C., Meani, S., Fusi, V., Severgnini, B., Valerio, C., Catini, E., Sala, C., Magrini, F., & Zanchetti, A. (2004) · Blood Pressure · doi:10.1080/08037050410021540 · Cited by 17
Standardized arrangement for a guideline-driven treatment of the metabolic syndrome: the SAGE-METS study
Athyros, V. G., Karagiannis, A. I., Hatzitolios, A. I., Paletas, K., Savopoulos, C. G., Giannoglou, G. D., Mikhailidis, D. P., & on behalf of the SAGE-METS collaborative group (2009) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/03007990902810999 · Cited by 17
Diabetes mellitus y riesgo cardiovascular. Recomendaciones del Grupo de Trabajo Diabetes Mellitus y Enfermedad Cardiovascular de la Sociedad Española de Diabetes
Ascaso, J. F. (2004) · Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis · doi:10.1016/s0214-9168(04)78963-9 · Cited by 17
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome in the Roma Population Compared with the Non-Roma Population in the Eastern Part of Slovakia
Fedačko, J., Pella, D., Jarčuška, P., Siegfried, L., Janíčko, M., Veselíny, E., Pella, J., Sabol, F., Jarčuška, P., Mareková, M., et al. (2014) · Central European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.21101/cejph.a3904 · Cited by 17
Metabolic Syndrome in First Episode Schizophrenia, Based on the National Mental Health Registry of Schizophrenia (NMHR) in a General Hospital in Malaysia: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
Lee, A., Ng, C. G., Koh, O. H., Gill, J. S., & Aziz, S. A. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15050933 · Cited by 19
Impact of metabolic syndrome on the outcome of patients with stable coronary artery disease: 2-year follow-up of the MASS II study
Lopes, N. H. M., Paulitsch, F. D. S., Pereira, A. C., de Góis, A. F. T., Gagliardi, A. R. D. T., Garzillo, C. L., Ferreira, J., Stolf, N. A. G., & Hueb, W. A. (2008) · Coronary Artery Disease · doi:10.1097/mca.0b013e328306aa8a · Cited by 17
The impact of metabolic syndrome and CRP on vascular phenotype in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Dehnavi, R. A., Beishuizen, E. D., van de Ree, M. A., le Cessie, S., Huisman, M. V., Kluft, C., Princen, H. M. G., & Tamsma, J. T. (2007) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2007.06.011 · Cited by 17
Clinical profile and outcome of patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis and metabolic syndrome
Cioffi, G., Viapiana, O., Tarantini, L., Orsolini, G., Idolazzi, L., Ognibeni, F., Dalbeni, A., Gatti, D., Fassio, A., Rossini, M., et al. (2020) · Internal and Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11739-020-02520-y · Cited by 16
Effectiveness of a Nurse-Led Mobile-Based Health Coaching Program for Patients With Prostate Cancer at High Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Randomized Waitlist Controlled Trial
Lee, K., Park, J., Oh, E. G., Lee, J., Park, C. G., & Choi, Y. D. (2024) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/47102 · Cited by 19
Diabetes Pharmacotherapy in 2012: Considerations in Medication Selection
Cornell, S. A., & Dorsey, V. (2012) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.3810/pgm.2012.07.2571 · Cited by 16
“com fasting state) due to increased α-cell secretion and increased resistance to the suppressive effects of insulin.(13,14) In the muscle, glucose transporter-4 is the major transporter involved in the uptake of glucose into skeletal tissue.”
Background
Relationship of metabolic syndrome and its components with thyroid dysfunction in Algerian patients
Hamlaoui, M. L., Ayachi, A., Dekaken, A., & Gouri, A. (2017) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2017.08.001 · Cited by 16
“Both are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and thus impact substantially on health care [7,8].”
Background
Effect of alirocumab on lipids and lipoproteins in individuals with metabolic syndrome without diabetes: Pooled data from 10 phase 3 trials
Henry, R. R., Müller‐Wieland, D., Taub, P. R., Bujas‐Bobanovic, M., Louie, M. J., Letierce, A., & Ginsberg, H. N. (2018) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.13273 · Cited by 16
Sex differences in associations among metabolic syndrome, obesity, related biomarkers, and colorectal adenomatous polyp risk in a Japanese population
Nakai, K., Watari, J., Tozawa, K., Tamura, A., Hara, K., Yamasaki, T., Kondo, T., Kono, T., Tomita, T., Ohda, Y., et al. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition · doi:10.3164/jcbn.18-11 · Cited by 16
Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue of Patients With Atherosclerosis
Čejková, S., Lesná, I. K., Froněk, J., Janoušek, L., Králová, A., Ždychová, J., Thieme, F., & Poledne, R. (2017) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.933352 · Cited by 16
Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Metabolic Syndrome in Saudi Adult Males
Aljuhani, O. E., Alkahtani, S. A., Alhussain, M. H., Smith, L., & Habib, S. S. (2020) · Risk Management and Healthcare Policy · doi:10.2147/rmhp.s267575 · Cited by 17
Joint temporal dietary and physical activity patterns: associations with health status indicators and chronic diseases
Lin, L., Guo, J., Aqeel, M. M., Gelfand, S. B., Delp, E. J., Bhadra, A., Richards, E. A., Hennessy, E., & Eicher‐Miller, H. A. (2021) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab339 · Cited by 17
Association between insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 levels and cardiovascular risk factors in Korean children
Ko, J. M., Park, H. K., Yang, S., Kim, E. Y., Chung, S. C., & Hwang, I. T. (2012) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej11-0358 · Cited by 16
“Obesity is a major public health problem in many developed countries and is associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases [1, 2].”
Background
Increased level of cardiorespiratory fitness blunts the inflammatory response in metabolic syndrome
Rana, J. S., Nasir, K., Santos, R. D., Roguin, A., Orakzai, S. H., Carvalho, J. A. M., Meneghello, R., & Blumenthal, R. S. (2005) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.08.040 · Cited by 15
Impact of Insulin Resistance on Silent and Ongoing Myocardial Damage in Normal Subjects: The Takahata Study
Narumi, T., Shishido, T., Kiribayashi, N., Kadowaki, S., Nishiyama, S., Takahashi, H., Arimoto, T., Miyashita, T., Miyamoto, T., Watanabe, T., et al. (2012) · Experimental Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2012/815098 · Cited by 16
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and silent myocardial ischemia in Chinese with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Hsieh, M., Tien, K., Chang, S., Perng, D., Hsiao, J., Chen, Y., Chang, Y., Kuo, H.-W., & Lin, P.-C. (2008) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2008.06.007 · Cited by 16
Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Risk Factors among Type 2 Diabetes Clinic Attenders in Isfahan, Iran
Janghorbani, M., & Amini, M. (2012) · ISRN Endocrinology · doi:10.5402/2012/167318 · Cited by 16
“This is much higher prevalence than in comparable general populations [9, 10].”
Background
Generation and characterization of a mouse model of the metabolic syndrome: apolipoprotein E and aromatase double knockout mice
Scott, N. J. A., Cameron, V. A., Raudsepp, S. D., Lewis, L. K., Simpson, E. R., Richards, M., & Ellmers, L. J. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00222.2011 · Cited by 16
“THE METABOLIC SYNDROME is a common condition comprised of metabolic abnormalities including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension that is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and atherosclerosis (1, 27, 28).”
Background
Telmisartan Effects on Insulin Resistance in Obese or Overweight Adults Without Diabetes or Hypertension
Hsueh, W. A., Davidai, G., Henry, R. R., & Mudaliar, S. R. D. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/j.1751-7176.2010.00335.x · Cited by 16
Metabolic syndrome score and ambulatory blood pressure in untreated essential hypertension
Cuspidi, C., Meani, S., Valerio, C., Catini, E., Fusi, V., Sala, C., & Zanchetti, A. (2005) · Blood Pressure Monitoring · doi:10.1097/01.mbp.0000170921.55412.02 · Cited by 16
Elevated Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated with Increased Risk of Colorectal Adenoma
Kim, J. H., Cho, K. I., Kim, Y. A., & Park, S. J. (2017) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2017.0041 · Cited by 16
From syndrome X to cardiometabolic risk: clinical and public health implications
Després, J. (2019) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665119001010 · Cited by 16
Large and micro coronary vascular involvement in diabetes.
L’Abbate, A. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 16
Efeito da perda de peso sobre a hemodinâmica renal em portadores da síndrome metabólica
Ezequiel, D. G. A., Costa, M. B., Chaoubah, A., & de Paula, R. B. (2012) · Brazilian Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1590/s0101-28002012000100006 · Cited by 16
Insulin Resistance: Causes and Consequences
Bloomgarden, Z. T. (2005) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(04)65001-x · Cited by 16
The relationships between insulin resistance and components of metabolic syndrome in Taiwanese Asians
Pei, D., Kuo, S.-W., Wu, D., Lin, T., Hseih, M.-C., Lee, C., Hsu, W.-L., Chen, S.-P., Sheu, W. H., & Jc, L. (2005) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1368-5031.2005.00661.x · Cited by 16
The impact of metabolic syndrome on insulin sensitivity, glucose sensitivity, and acute insulin response after glucose load in early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus: Taiwan Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Cohort Study.
Hsieh, C.-H., Wu, C.-Z., Hsiao, F.-C., Lin, J.-D., Li, J.-C., Wan, H.-L., Kuo, S.-W., Hung, Y.-J., Su, C.-C., & Pei, D. (2008) · Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2008.07.017 · Cited by 13
Impaired Ca2+handling in penile arteries from prediabetic Zucker rats: involvement of Rho kinase
Villalba, N., Contreras, C., Hernández, M., García‐Sacristán, A., & Prieto, D. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01204.2010 · Cited by 16
“Diabetes is associated with an increased vascular tone usually involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular complications such as hypertension, stroke, or coronary artery disease (3, 22, 43).”
Background
Effect of weight loss on HDL-apoA-II kinetics in the metabolic syndrome
Ng, T. W. K., Chan, D. C., Barrett, P. H. R., & Watts, G. F. (2009) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20090110 · Cited by 17
Metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents
Singh, G. K. (2006) · Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11936-006-0045-3 · Cited by 16
Type 2 diabetes in Belgians of Turkish and Moroccan origin
Vandenheede, H., & Deboosere, P. (2009) · Archives of Public Health · doi:10.1186/0778-7367-67-2-62 · Cited by 16
“Finally, migration and the consequences of migration are often very stressing (10, 49).”
Background
The metabolic syndrome predicts carotid intima-media thickness no better than the sum of individual risk factors in a lipid clinic population
Baldassarre, D., Werba, J. P., Castelnuovo, S., Frigerio, B., Amato, M., Ravani, A. L., Veglia, F., Sirtori, C. R., & Tremoli, E. (2010) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.02.006 · Cited by 16
Therapeutic Target Achievement in Type 2 Diabetic Patients after Hyperglycemia, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia Management
Kang, A. Y., Park, S. K., Park, S. Y., Lee, H., Han, Y., Lee, S. R., Suh, S. H., Kim, D. K., & Park, M. K. (2011) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2011.35.3.264 · Cited by 16
Resistance exercise training and its impact on metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Han, C., Xue, H., Sheng-tao, Y., & Gao, B. (2025) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112077 · Cited by 17
Systems Analysis of Gut Microbiome Influence on Metabolic Disease in HIV-Positive and High-Risk Populations
Armstrong, A. J. S., Quinn, K. D., Fouquier, J., Li, S. X., Schneider, J. M., Nusbacher, N. M., Doenges, K., Fiorillo, S. P., Marden, T. J., HIGGINS, J. A., et al. (2021) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.01178-20 · Cited by 15
Comparison of Novel Biomarkers of Insulin Resistance With Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, Its Correlation to Metabolic Syndrome in South Indian Population and Proposition of Population Specific Cutoffs for These Indices
Jog, K., Eagappan, S., Raghavan, K. S., & Subbiah, S. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.33653 · Cited by 15
Sleep patterns and risks of incident cardiovascular disease and mortality among people with type 2 diabetes: a prospective study of the UK Biobank
Hu, J., Wang, X., Cheng, L., Dang, K., Zhu, M., Tao, X., Xu, X., Sarker, S. K., & Li, Y. (2024) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-024-01261-8 · Cited by 15
“Moreover, studies have shown that diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease [58].”
Background
Consequences of Abdominal Adiposity within the Metabolic Syndrome Paradigm in Black People of African Ancestry
Gaillard, T. R. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm3030897 · Cited by 15
The adverse prognostic significance of the metabolic syndrome with and without hypertension in patients who underwent complete coronary revascularization
Kasai, T., Miyauchi, K., Kajimoto, K., Kubota, N., Dohi, T., Kurata, T., Amano, A., & Daida, H. (2009) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e32832961cf · Cited by 15
Women's Health and the Metabolic Syndrome
Mitrakou, A. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1365.003 · Cited by 15
The risk of developing obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in former power-sports athletes - Does sports career termination increase the risk
Nematy, M., Emami, M., Behforouz, A., Jarahi, L., Zarifian, A., Rashidlamir, A., Rashed, M. M., Khaleghzade, H., Ghaneifar, Z., Safarian, M., et al. (2018) · Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.4103/ijem.ijem_83_18 · Cited by 15
“In the present study, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among three groups was determined by using NCEP-defined criteria, and although metabolic syndrome was more prevalent among ex-athletes, no significant statistical difference was seen.[10] This is in line with the findings of the study by Batista”
MethodResult
Diabetes/Syndrome X
Schmeltz, L. R., & Metzger, B. E. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b0-08-045044-x/00179-6 · Cited by 16
Avaliação da prevalência do diabetes e da hiperglicemia de estresse no infarto agudo do miocárdio
Lerário, A. C., Coretti, F. M. L. M., de Oliveira, S. F., Betti, R. T. B., Bastos, M. D. S. C. B. D. O., Ferri, L. D. A. F., Garcia, R. M. R., & WAJCHENBERG, B. L. (2008) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia · doi:10.1590/s0004-27302008000300006 · Cited by 16
Association of hypertension with small, dense low-density lipoprotein in patients without metabolic syndrome
Kim, Y., Seo, H. S., Lee, E. M., Na, J. O., Choi, C. U., Lim, H. E., Kim, E. J., Rha, S., Park, C. G., & Oh, D. J. (2011) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/jhh.2011.86 · Cited by 15
Metabolic syndrome, peripheral vascular disease and coronary artery disease: A concise review
Whayne, T. F. (2010) · International Journal of Angiology · doi:10.1055/s-0031-1278376 · Cited by 15
“Type 2 diabetes is a well-established, high-risk factor for CV disease, and its association with MS is also very strong (25).”
The Metabolic Syndrome in American Indians: The Strong Heart Study
Russell, M., SIMONE, G. D., Resnick, H. E., & Howard, B. V. (2007) · Journal of the CardioMetabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1111/j.1559-4564.2007.07457.x · Cited by 14
The metabolic syndrome and left ventricular hypertrophy – the influence of gender and physical activity
Halldin, M., Fahlstadius, P., Fairé, U. D., Vikström, M., & Hellénius, M.-L. (2011) · Blood Pressure · doi:10.3109/08037051.2012.641267 · Cited by 15
Metabolic syndrome increases risk for pulmonary embolism after hip and knee arthroplasty
Mraović, B., Hipszer, B. R., Epstein, R. H., Parvizi, J., Pequignot, E. C., Chervoneva, I., & Joseph, J. I. (2013) · Croatian Medical Journal · doi:10.3325/cmj.2013.54.355 · Cited by 15
Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Ocular Microcirculation Shown by Laser Speckle Flowgraphy in a Hospital Setting Devoted to Sleep Apnea Syndrome Diagnostics
Shiba, T., Takahashi, M., Matsumoto, T., & Hori, Y. (2017) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2017/3141678 · Cited by 15
Interplay between proteins and metabolic syndrome–A review
Miglani, N., & Bains, K. (2015) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2014.938259 · Cited by 17
Prevalencia de síndrome metabólico y asociación con la cardiopatía isquémica en pacientes cardiológicos ambulatorios
Cordero, A., Arribas, J. M., Arnau, A. M., Nasarre, E., Barrero, E. A., & Ezquerra, E. A. (2006) · Revista Clínica Española · doi:10.1157/13088584 · Cited by 15
The metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes: When does it matter?
Wong, J., Molyneaux, L. M., Constantino, M., Twigg, S. M., & Yue, D. K. (2006) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2005.00565.x · Cited by 15
Differential effects of activation of liver X receptor on plasma lipid homeostasis in wild-type and lipoprotein clearance-deficient mice
Peng, D., Hiipakka, R. A., Xie, J., Reardon, C. A., Getz, G. S., & Liao, S. (2009) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.07.016 · Cited by 15
Association of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Prevalent Cardiovascular Events
Malone, D., Boudreau, D. M., Nichols, G. A., Raebel, M. A., Fishman, P. A., Feldstein, A. C., Ben-Joseph, R. H., Okamoto, L. J., Boscoe, A. N., & Magid, D. J. (2009) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2009.0033 · Cited by 15
Should we have more definitions of metabolic syndrome or simply take waist measurement?
Bauduceau, B., Vachey, E., Mayaudon, H., Burnat, P., Dupuy, O., Garcia, C., Ceppa, F., & Bordier, L. (2007) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2007.04.001 · Cited by 15
Cardiovascular Risk and the Metabolic Syndrome
Rutter, M. K., Meigs, J. B., & Wilson, P. W. F. (2006) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2006.4.252 · Cited by 15
LDL cholesterol and global risk stratification in referred hypertensive patients
Pedrinelli, R., Esposti, E. D., & Dell’Omo, G. (2005) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.10.045 · Cited by 15
Effect of low calorie diet and controlled fasting on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in obese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
MUSIL, F., ŠMAHELOVÁ, A., BLÁHA, V., HYŠPLER, R., TICHÁ, A., LESNÁ, J., ZADÁK, Z., & SOBOTKA, L. (2013) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.932381 · Cited by 12
“This https://doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.932381 268 Musil et al. Vol. 62 finding implies that T1DM subjects have the same risk of metabolic syndrome as the non-diabetic population from which they are derived (Alexander et al. 2003).”
BackgroundInfluential
A Critical Examination of the Use of Trained Health Coaches to Decrease the Metabolic Syndrome for Participants of a Community-Based Diabetes Prevention and Management Program
Lucke-Wold, B. P. (2016) · Journal of Healthcare Communications · doi:10.4172/2472-1654.100038 · Cited by 14
Hop and Acacia Phytochemicals Decreased Lipotoxicity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes, db/db Mice, and Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome
Minich, D. M., Lerman, R. H., Darland, G. K., Babish, J. G., Pacioretty, L. M., Bland, J. S., & Tripp, M. L. (2010) · Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1155/2010/467316 · Cited by 14
“These metabolic abnormalities indicate underlying impairments in cellular insulin signaling and ultimately result in increased risk for diabetes or cardiovascular disease [2, 3].”
Background
Biotic elicitation as a tool to improve strawberry and raspberry extract potential on metabolic syndrome‐related enzymes in vitro
Gutiérrez-Albanchez, E., Kirakosyan, A., Bolling, S. F., García‐Villaraco, A., Gutiérrez‐Mañero, F. J., & Ramos‐Solano, B. (2018) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.9507 · Cited by 14
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus and cardiovascular disease: current knowledge and insights into pathogenesis
Guo, L. N., & Nambudiri, V. E. (2020) · Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1007/s10067-020-05257-3 · Cited by 14
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in cardiovascular patients in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Salari, N., Doulatyari, P. K., Daneshkhah, A., Vaisi-Raygani, A., Jalali, R., Jamshidi, P. K., Abdi, A., Mohammadi, M., & Kazeminia, M. (2020) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-020-00605-4 · Cited by 14
Inflammation markers as mediators of vasculo-endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in the metabolic syndrome.
Rizvi, A. A. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 15
FISH OILS, PHYTOSTEROLS AND WEIGHT LOSS IN THE REGULATION OF LIPOPROTEIN TRANSPORT IN THE METABOLIC SYNDROME: LESSONS FROM STABLE ISOTOPE TRACER STUDIES
Watts, G. F., Chan, D. C., Ooi, E., Nestel, P., Beilin, L. J., & Barrett, P. H. R. (2006) · Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04458.x · Cited by 14
Association of IL-6 Polymorphism -174G/C and Metabolic Syndrome in Hypertensive Patients
Teixeira, A. A., Quinto, B. M. R., Dalboni, M. A., Rodrigues, C. J. D. O., & Batista, M. C. (2015) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2015/927589 · Cited by 14
“Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a disorder intimately associated with insulin resistance, increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) or cerebrovascular events by three times and has an important impact on global mortality [1–10].”
Background
Differential Changes of Aorta and Carotid Vasodilation in Type 2 Diabetic GK and OLETF Rats: Paradoxical Roles of Hyperglycemia and Insulin
Zhong, M., Shen, W., Tabuchi, M., Nakamura, K., Chen, Y., Qiao, C., He, J., Yang, J., Zhang, C., Kamenov, Z. A., et al. (2011) · Experimental Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2012/429020 · Cited by 14
Effects of Metabolic Syndrome with or without Obesity on Outcomes after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft. A Cohort and 5-Year Study
Ao, H., Xu, F., Wang, X., Tang, X., Zheng, Z., & Hu, S. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117671 · Cited by 14
The effect of continuous combined conjugated equine estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate and tibolone on cardiovascular metabolic risk factors
Skouby, S. O., Sidelmann, J. J., Nilas, L., Gram, J., & Jespersen, J. (2008) · Climacteric · doi:10.1080/13697130802455150 · Cited by 14
Presence of the Metabolic Syndrome Does Not Impair Coronary Collateral Vessel Formation in Patients With Documented Coronary Artery Disease
Olijhoek, J. K., Koerselman, J., de Jaegere, P. P. T., Verhaar, M. C., Grobbee, D. E., van der Graaf, Y., Visseren, F. L. J., & for the SMART Study Group (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.3.683 · Cited by 14
Paradoxical effects of streptozotocin‐induced diabetes on endothelial dysfunction in stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
Zhong, M., Shen, W., Wang, J., Yang, J., Yuan, W., He, J., Wu, P., Wang, Y., Zhang, L., Higashino, H., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2011.213686 · Cited by 14
“…attempts to lower blood glucose have shown considerable discrepancies, and the role of hyper-glycaemia in macrovascular complications remains elusive (Waller et al. 1980; Stratton et al. 2000; Alexander et al. 2003; Wiernsperger, 2003; Gerstein et al. 2005; Ray et al. 2009; Molitch et al. 2010).”
High Amounts of Sitting, Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Low Physical Activity Levels: 3 Key Ingredients in the Recipe for Influencing Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence
Edwards, M. K., & Loprinzi, P. D. (2016) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/0890117116684889 · Cited by 14
Age and Adaptation: Stronger Decision Updating about Real World Risks in Older Age
Rolison, J. J., Wood, S. A., & Hanoch, Y. (2017) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/risa.12710 · Cited by 14
“The outcomes of poor health choices are likely to be most apparent in older age as negative health outcomes, such as diabetes and heart disease, are more prevalent in later life.(1) Older adults are commonly exposed to warnings and advice”
Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity as a Novel Modality for Detecting Early Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Zhang, X., Bai, R., Zou, L., Zong, J., Yang, Q., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2021/8862573 · Cited by 14
“It is a good index of arterial stiffness; with higher stiffness, the velocity increases [13].”
Background
Diabetes mellitus y riesgo cardiovascular. Recomendaciones del grupo de trabajo Diabetes Mellitus y Enfermedad Cardiovascular de la Sociedad Española de Diabetes 2009
de Diabetes, G. D. T. D. M. Y. E. C. D. L. S. E. (2010) · Endocrinología y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/j.endonu.2010.03.001 · Cited by 14
Lipoprotein kinetics in the metabolic syndrome: pathophysiological and therapeutic lessons from stable isotope studies.
Chan, D. C., Barrett, P. H. R., & Watts, G. F. (2004) · PubMed Central · Cited by 15
Five Year Study of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Japanese People: Implications Concerning New Onset of Metabolic Syndrome
Suzuki, A., Kosuge, K., Nanyu, O., Watanabe, H., Watanabe, T., Usuda, Y., Sasaki, S., & Aizawa, Y. (2010) · Internal Medicine · doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.49.2689 · Cited by 14
Hipertensión arterial y síndrome metabólico
Cordero, A., Moreno, J., & Alegría, E. (2005) · Revista Española de Cardiología Suplementos · doi:10.1016/s1131-3587(05)74119-4 · Cited by 14
Prevalence and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes
Sanders, B. H., Lubsch, L. M., & West, D. S. (2006) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.1h130 · Cited by 14
Metabolic syndrome management
Stone, N. J., & Schmeltz, L. R. (2007) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.8.13.2059 · Cited by 14
Increased Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients With Diverticular Disease
Lin, J., Lin, C., Yang, C.-H., Lin, M., Lai, C.-H., Lin, H.-H., & Kao, C. (2015) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002020 · Cited by 14
Metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease: Is there a gender specific effect?
Lanz, J. R., Pereira, A. C., Martinez, E. E., & Krieger, J. E. (2005) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.03.050 · Cited by 14
Definition and Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome
Howard, W. J., SIMONE, G. D., & Howard, B. V. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444318456.ch11 · Cited by 14
Influence of Physical Activity on the Regulation of Disease of Elderly Persons with Metabolic Syndrome
Štetić, L., Belčić, I., Sporiš, G., Stetic, L., & Starčević, N. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18010275 · Cited by 13
Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors, events, and costs across four BMI categories
Brixner, D. I., Bron, M., Bellows, B. K., Ye, X., Yu, J. S., Raparla, S., & Oderda, G. M. (2013) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20215 · Cited by 13
“Many articles have been published examining the impact of obesity on the development of CV RFs and outcomes (13-16), the impact of RFs on CV events (17-21), and costs of RFs (18,22), but currently there is no literature examining the impact of BMI on the prevalence of specific combinations of CV RFs, CV events, and, f…”
Background
Glucose but not insulin or insulin resistance is associated with memory performance in middle-aged non-diabetic women: a cross sectional study
Backeström, A., Eriksson, S., Nilsson, L., Olsson, T., & Rolandsson, O. (2015) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-015-0014-7 · Cited by 13
Diabetes and CVD Risk: Special Considerations in African Americans Related to Care
Wittwer, J. A., Golden, S. H., & Joseph, J. J. (2020) · Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports · doi:10.1007/s12170-020-00648-2 · Cited by 13
The association between endometrial polyps and metabolic syndrome: A case–control study
Özkan, N. T., Tokmak, A., Güzel, A. İ., Özkan, S., & Çiçek, M. N. (2015) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/ajo.12339 · Cited by 13

Authors: Alexander, C. M., Landsman, P. B., Teutsch, S. M., & Haffner, S. M.
Affiliations: Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States) (US)
The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
ORCID: Alexander, Charles M.
Teutsch, Steven M.
Venue: Diabetes
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 2003-05-01
Volume: 52
Issue: 5
Pages: 1210-1214
ISSN: 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
1939-327X
DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.52.5.1210
OpenAlex: W2151152924
Cited by: 1,475
References: 30
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 51 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 61 · 2013: 65 · 2012: 73
FWCI: 77.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Diabetes (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Keywords: metabolic syndrome, coronary artery disease, prevalence, older adults, NCEP criteria, NHANES III, cardiovascular risk factors, blood pressure, HDL cholesterol
MeSH terms: Age Factors, Blood Pressure, Body Constitution, Coronary Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Angiopathies, Female, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Education as Topic, Physical Examination, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Smoking, United States, Prevalence, Metabolic Syndrome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

NCEP-Defined Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, and Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease Among NHANES III Participants Age 50 Years and Older

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks