Characterization of GLP-1 Effects on β-Cell Function After Meal Ingestion in Humans
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE—Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an incretin that augments insulin secretion after meal intake and is developed for treatment of type 2 diabetes. As a novel therapeutic agent, characteristics of its β-cell effects are important to establish. Previously, β-cell effects of GLP-1 have been characterized in humans during graded intravenous infusions of glucose, whereas its effects after more physiological stimuli, like meal intake, are not known. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Eight women (aged 69 years, fasting glucose 3.7–10.3 mmol/l, BMI 22.4–43.9 kg/m2) who had fasted overnight were served a breakfast (450 kcal) with intravenous infusion of saline or synthetic GLP-1 (0.75 pmol · kg–1 · min–1), and β-cell function was evaluated by estimating the relationship between glucose concentration and insulin secretion (calculated by deconvolution of C-peptide data). RESULTS—GLP-1 markedly augmented insulin secretion, despite lower glucose. Total insulin secretion was 29.7 ± 4.2 nmol/m2 with GLP-1 versus 21.0 ± 1.6 nmol/m2 with saline (P = 0.048). GLP-1 increased the dose-response relationship between glucose concentration and insulin secretion (70 ± 26 with GLP-1 versus 38 ± 16 pmol insulin · min−1 · m2 · mmol−1 glucose · l without, P = 0.037) and augmented the potentiation factor that modulates the dose response (2.71 ± 0.42 with GLP-1 versus 0.97 ± 0.17 without, P = 0.005). The potentiation factor correlated to GLP-1 concentration (r = 0.53, P < 0.001); a 10-fold increase in GLP-1 levels produced a twofold increase in the potentiation factor. These effects of GLP-1 did not correlate with fasting glucose levels or BMI. CONCLUSIONS—Administration of GLP-1 along with ingestion of a meal augments insulin secretion in humans by a dose-dependent potentiation of the dose-response relationship between plasma glucose and insulin secretion.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Glucagon-like peptide-1 7–36: a physiological incretin in man
Kreymann, B., Ghatei, M. A., Williams, G., & Bloom, S. R. (1987) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91194-9 · Cited by 1,928 · see citing works
Kieffer, T. J., & Habener, J. F. (1999) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.20.6.0385 · Cited by 1,056 · see citing works
Cauter, E. V., Mestrez, F., Sturis, J., & Polonsky, K. (1992) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.41.3.368 · Cited by 938 · see citing works
Gutniak, M., Ørkov, C., Holst, J. J., Ahrén, B., & Efendić, S. (1992) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199205143262003 · Cited by 868 · see citing works
Self-citationNauck, M. A., Niedereichholz, U., Ettler, R., Holst, J. J., Ørskov, C., Ritzel, R. A., & Schmiegel, W. (1997) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1997.273.5.e981 · Cited by 822 · see citing works
Self-citationDeacon, C. F., Johnsen, A. H., & Holst, J. J. (1995) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.80.3.7883856 · Cited by 792 · see citing works
Self-citationCauter, E. V., Mestrez, F., Sturis, J., et al. (1992) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.41.3.368 · Cited by 643 · see citing works
The Influence of GLP-1 on Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion
Kjems, L. L., Holst, J. J., Vølund, A., & Madsbad, S. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.2.380 · Cited by 582 · see citing works
Self-citationNauck, M. A., Bartels, E., Ørskov, C., Ebert, R., & Creutzfeldt, W. (1993) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.76.4.8473405 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
Biological actions and therapeutic potential of the glucagon-like peptides
Drucker, D. J. (2002) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2002.31068 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
D'Alessio, D., Kahn, S., Leusner, C. R., & Ensinck, J. (1994) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci117225 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Meal and oral glucose tests for assessment of β-cell function: modeling analysis in normal subjects
Mari, A., Schmitz, O., Gastaldelli, A., Oestergaard, T., Nyholm, B., & Ferrannini, E. (2002) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00093.2002 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Self-citationInsulinotropic Action of Glucagonlike Peptide-I-(7–37) in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects
Nathan, D. M., Schreiber, E., Fogel, H., Mojsov, S., & Habener, J. F. (1992) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.15.2.270 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
GLP-1 slows solid gastric emptying and inhibits insulin, glucagon, and PYY release in humans
Näslund, E. B., Bogefors, J., Skogar, S., Grybäck, P., Jacobsson, H., Holst, J. J., & Hellström, P. M. (1999) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.3.r910 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Self-citationAssessing Insulin Secretion by Modeling in Multiple-Meal Tests
Mari, A., Tura, A., Gastaldelli, A., & Ferrannini, E. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.2007.s221 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Self-citationDoyle, M. E. (2001) · Recent Progress in Hormone Research · doi:10.1210/rp.56.1.377 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Rachman, J., Gribble, F. M., Barrow, B. A., Lévy, J., Buchanan, K. D., & Turner, R. C. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.45.11.1524 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
An alternate pathway of cAMP-stimulated Cl− secretion across the NKCC1-null murine duodenum
Walker, N. M., Flagella, M., Gawenis, L. R., Shull, G. E., & Clarke, L. L. (2002) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2002.34757 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Potential Therapeutic Levels of Glucagon-Like Peptide I Achieved in Humans by a Buccal Tablet
Gutniak, M., Larsson, H., Heiber, S. J., Juneskans, O. T., Holst, J. J., & Åhrén, B. (1996) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.19.8.843 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationGLP-1 Tablet in Type 2 Diabetes in Fasting and Postprandial Conditions
Gutniak, M., Larsson, H., Sanders, S. W., Juneskans, O. T., Holst, J. J., & Åhrén, B. (1997) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.20.12.1874 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationAmplification of exocytosis by Ca2+‐induced Ca2+ release in INS‐1 pancreatic β cells
Kang, G., & Holz, G. G. (2003) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2002.029959 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Larsson, H. E., Åhrén, B., Lindgärde, F., & Berglund, G. (1995) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1995.tb00882.x · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Gutniak, M., Svartberg, J. B., Hellström, P. M., Holst, J. J., Adner, N., & Åhrén, B. (2001) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00862.x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ahrén, B., Gomis, R., Standl, E., Mills, D., & Schweizer, A. (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.12.2874 · Cited by 487 · see citing works
Self-citationMari, A., Sallas, W. M., He, Y. L., Watson, C., Ligueros-Saylan, M., Dunning, B. E., Deacon, C. F., Holst, J. J., & Foley, J. E. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2460 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Self-citationThiazolidinediones improve β-cell function in type 2 diabetic patients
Gastaldelli, A., Ferrannini, E., Miyazaki, Y., Matsuda, M., Mari, A., & DeFronzo, R. A. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00551.2006 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Self-citationTeff, K. L., Rickels, M. R., Grudziak, J., Fuller, C., Nguyen, H.-L., & Rickels, K. (2013) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db13-0430 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Ronveaux, C. C., Tomé, D., & Raybould, H. E. (2015) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.114.206029 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Lindgren, O., Mari, A., Deacon, C. F., Carr, R. D., Winzell, M. S., Vikman, J., & Ahrén, B. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-0366 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationMonnier, L., Benichou, M., Charra-Ebrard, S., Boegner, C., & Colette, C. (2005) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70174-x · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Mechanisms and clinical efficacy of lixisenatide for the management of type 2 diabetes
Horowitz, M., Rayner, C. K., & Jones, K. L. (2013) · Advances in Therapy · doi:10.1007/s12325-013-0009-4 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
A model of GLP-1 action on insulin secretion in nondiabetic subjects
Dalla Man, C., Micheletto, F., Sathananthan, A., Rizza, R. A., Vella, A., & Cobelli, C. (2010) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00705.2009 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ahrén, B., Holst, J. J., & Mari, A.
- Affiliations
- Department of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- National Research Council (IT)
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2003-10-01
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2860-2864
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W1978691530
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- INFM-OAR (INFN Catania) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- glucagon-like peptide-1, beta-cell function, insulin secretion, meal ingestion, incretins, type 2 diabetes, C-peptide, postprandial blood glucose
- MeSH terms
- Insulin Secretion, Aged, Blood Glucose, C-Peptide, Eating, Female, Glucagon, Humans, Insulin, Islets of Langerhans, Peptide Fragments, Protein Precursors, Postprandial Period, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
