CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 42Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsLipid metabolism and disordersMenopause: Health Impacts and Treatments

Premenopausal Advantages in Postprandial Lipid Metabolism Are Lost in Women With Type 2 Diabetes

Open access
Masding, Michael G., Stears, Anna J., Burdge, Graham C., Wootton, Stephen A., Sandeman, Derek D.·2003·Diabetes Care
DOI 10.2337/diacare.26.12.3243
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

OBJECTIVE—Women with type 2 diabetes appear to lose the protection against cardiovascular disease afforded by estrogens. We examined the effects of menopausal status on postprandial clearance of dietary fat in healthy and diabetic women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Fasting subjects (premenopausal and postmenopausal control subjects, premenopausal and postmenopausal diabetic women, all n = 8) were given a meal containing the stable isotope 1,1,1-13C-tripalmitin, with blood and breath sampled for 6 and 24 h, respectively, in the postprandial period. Lower levels of 13C-palmitic acid (13C-PA) in the triglyceride fraction implies more efficient chylomicron clearance, lower levels of 13C-PA in the nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) fraction implies improved dietary NEFA entrapment, and higher levels of 13CO2 in the breath denote more efficient of oxidation of dietary-derived lipid. RESULTS—In diabetic women, there were no differences between the pre- and postmenopausal groups for any of these parameters. In contrast, premenopausal control subjects, compared with postmenopausal control subjects, had lower 13C-PA in the triglyceride fraction area under the curve (AUC) (premenopausal median [range] 25.2 [12.1–49.4 mmol/l] per 6 h, postmenopausal 48.5 [15.5–77.2 mmol/l] per 6 h; P < 0.01) and higher 13CO2 levels in the breath AUC (premenopausal 22.5 [18.0–31.5%] of administered dose, postmenopausal 17.2 [11.2–31.5%] of administered dose; P < 0.01) with no difference between groups in levels of 13C-PA in the NEFA fraction AUC. CONCLUSIONS—The premenopausal advantage in clearance of dietary lipid is not seen in premenopausal diabetic women. This is likely to promote an atherogenic lipoprotein profile and may contribute to the loss of cardiovascular disease protection seen in diabetic women.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2337/diacare.26.12.3243

Cites

32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • In a study by Lovejoy et al, there was a 32% decrease in fat oxidation in females who became postmenopausal after a 4-year follow-up, whereas there was no difference in fat oxidation in similarly aged females who remained premenopausal.

    “In a study by Lovejoy et al (123), there was a 32% decrease in fat oxidation in females who became postmenopausal after a 4 y follow up, whereas there was no difference in fat oxidation in similarly aged females who remained premenopausal.”

    From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [123]

    The Results and discussion report greater dietary-lipid oxidation in premenopausal than postmenopausal healthy women. They do not report a Lovejoy et al. study, a four-year follow-up, a 32% decline, or unchanged oxidation among women who remained premenopausal; this paper compares separate groups rather than following women through menopause. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Postmenopausal women have reduced postprandial fat oxidation, whether measured by isotopic tracers or whole room calorimetry.

    “Several investigators reported that postmenopausal women have reduced postprandial fat oxidation, whether measured by isotopic tracers (122), or whole room calorimetry (123).”

    From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [123]

    The Results (page unavailable) report lower breath recovery of the dietary-fat isotope in postmenopausal than premenopausal healthy women, supporting the tracer-measured part of the claim. They report no menopausal difference among women with type 2 diabetes, so the unqualified statement about postmenopausal women is too broad. The whole-room calorimetry finding is attributed to a different citation, not this paper. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Masding, M. G., Stears, A. J., Burdge, G. C., Wootton, S. A., & Sandeman, D. D.
Affiliations
  • University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
  • University of Southampton (GB)
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes Care
Publisher
American Diabetes Association
Published
2003-12-01
Volume
26
Issue
12
Pages
3243-3249
ISSN
  • 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-5548
DOI
10.2337/diacare.26.12.3243
OpenAlex
W2153981255
Cited by
42
References
32
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
FWCI
1.22
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
Funders
American Diabetes Association
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
Keywords
type 2 diabetes, menopause, estrogen, postprandial lipid metabolism, chylomicron clearance, dietary fat oxidation, free fatty acids, triglycerides, cardiovascular risk, women
MeSH terms
Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Insulin, Lipids, Middle Aged, Triglycerides, Premenopause, Postmenopause, Postprandial Period, Area Under Curve

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review