On the Association Between Diabetes and Mental Disorders in a Community Sample
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE—To determine the relationship between mental disorders and diabetes in a representative community sample. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This was a cross-sectional study. Data on diabetes and HbA1c values were obtained by structured questionnaires and by laboratory assessments. Current psychiatric disorders were diagnosed by a modified version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). RESULTS—People with diabetes (PWD) were not more likely to meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychiatric Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria for at least one mental disorder than were individuals without diabetes. However, a different diagnostic pattern occurred compared with the general population: odds ratios (ORs) for anxiety disorders in PWD were higher (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.19–3.14). Although PWD had higher prevalence rates of affective disorders, the relationship between diabetes and affective disorders was not statistically significant after controlling for age, sex, marital status, and socioeconomic status. In contrast, the relationship between diabetes and anxiety disorders remained significant after controlling for these variables. In contrast to individuals without mental disorders, PWD with affective or anxiety disorders more frequently had adequate glycemic control. CONCLUSIONS—Diabetes was associated with an increased likelihood of anxiety disorders. The association between mental disorders, diabetes, and glycemic control should be evaluated carefully in terms of potentially confounding sociodemographic variables, sample characteristics, and definitions of the disorders.
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Several studies have shown negative associations between anxiety disorders and HbA1c.
“several studies have shown negative associations with HbA1c [7,8]”
From A longitudinal study of affective and anxiety disorders, depressive affect and diabetes distress in adults with type 2 diabetes (2008) · cites this paper as [7]
A nonmedical caretaker can help improve the patient's ability to follow the agreed-upon treatment plan through monitoring and caretaking functions.
“This person can help improve the patient's ability to follow the agreed-upon treatment plan through both monitoring and caretaking functions (421).”
From 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes:<i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i> (2023) · cites this paper as [421]
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- Authors
- Kruse, J., Schmitz, N., & Thefeld, W.
- Affiliations
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (DE)
- Robert Koch Institute (DE)
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2003-06-01
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1841-1846
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2064854256
- Cited by
- 139
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- diabetes mellitus, mental illness, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, glycemic control, HbA1c, psychiatric comorbidity, community sample
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Germany, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reference Values, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Body Mass Index, Marital Status, Age of Onset, Diabetes Complications
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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