CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,012Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsBody Composition Measurement TechniquesAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Subcutaneous Abdominal Fat and Thigh Muscle Composition Predict Insulin Sensitivity Independently of Visceral Fat

Goodpaster, Bret H, Leland Thaete, F, Simoneau, Jean-Aimé, Kelley, David E·1997·Diabetes
DOI 10.2337/diacare.46.10.1579
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Whether visceral adipose tissue has a uniquely powerful association with insulin resistance or whether subcutaneous abdominal fat shares this link has generated controversy in the area of body composition and insulin sensitivity. An additional issue is the potential role of fat deposition within skeletal muscle and the relationship with insulin resistance. To address these matters, the current study was undertaken to measure body composition, aerobic fitness, and insulin sensitivity within a cohort of sedentary healthy men (n = 26) and women (n = 28). The subjects, who ranged from lean to obese (BMI 19.6-41.0 kg/m2), underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to measure fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM), computed tomography to measure cross-sectional abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, and computed tomography (CT) of mid-thigh to measure muscle cross-sectional area, muscle attenuation, and subcutaneous fat. Insulin sensitivity was measured using the glucose clamp technique (40 mU · m∼2 · min−1), in conjunction with [3-3H]glucose isotope dilution. Maximal aerobic power (Vo2max) was determined using an incremental cycling test. Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (Rd) ranged from 3.03 to 16.83 mg · min−1· kg−1 FFM. Rd was negatively correlated with FM (r = -0.58), visceral fat (r = -0.52), subcutaneous abdominal fat (r = -0.61), and thigh fat (r = -0.38) and positively correlated with muscle attenuation (r = 0.48) and Vo2max (r = 0.26, P < 0.05). In addition to manifesting the strongest simple correlation with insulin sensitivity, in stepwise multiple regression, subcutaneous abdominal fat retained significance after adjusting for visceral fat, while the converse was not found. Muscle attenuation contributed independent significance to multiple regression models of body composition and insulin sensitivity, and in analysis of obese subjects, muscle attenuation was the strongest single correlate of insulin resistance. In summary, as a component of central adiposity, subcutaneous abdominal fat has as strong an association with insulin resistance as visceral fat, and altered muscle composition, suggestive of increased fat content, is an important independent marker of insulin resistance in obesity.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2337/diacare.46.10.1579

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 101–113 of 113

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Goodpaster, B. H., Leland Thaete, F., Simoneau, J.-A., & Kelley, D. E.
Affiliations
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
  • Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • Université Laval (CA)
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes
Publisher
American Diabetes Association
Published
1997-10-01
Volume
46
Issue
10
Pages
1579-1585
ISSN
  • 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-327X
DOI
10.2337/diacare.46.10.1579
OpenAlex
W2085194341
Cited by
1,012
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 49 · 2012: 34
FWCI
11.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Diabetes (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5p30dk046204-15)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK49200-02, 1P30DK-46204, R01DK049200)
  • National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000056)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keywords
insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, subcutaneous abdominal fat, visceral adipose tissue, muscle attenuation, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, obesity, abdominal obesity, glucose disposal
MeSH terms
Abdomen, Adipose Tissue, Adult, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, Female, Humans, Indicator Dilution Techniques, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Middle Aged, Thigh, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Tritium, Viscera, Glucose Clamp Technique, Absorptiometry, Photon, Body Mass Index, Muscle, Skeletal

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review