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Cited by 51Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk ManagementMedical Coding and Health InformationGlobal Maternal and Child Health

Estimating mortality using data from civil registration: a cross-sectional study in India

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Gupta, Mamta, Rao, Chalapati, Lakshmi, PVM, Prinja, Shankar, Kumar, Rajesh·2016·Bulletin of the World Health Organization
DOI 10.2471/blt.15.153585PMC PMC4709797
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the design and operational status of India's civil registration and vital statistics system and facilitate the system's development into an accurate and reliable source of mortality data. METHODS: We assessed the national civil registration and vital statistics system's legal framework, administrative structure and design through document review. We did a cross-sectional study for the year 2013 at national level and in Punjab state to assess the quality of the system's mortality data through analyses of life tables and investigation of the completeness of death registration and the proportion of deaths assigned ill-defined causes. We interviewed registrars, medical officers and coders in Punjab state to assess their knowledge and practice. FINDINGS: Although we found the legal framework and system design to be appropriate, data collection was based on complex intersectoral collaborations at state and local level and the collected data were found to be of poor quality. The registration data were inadequate for a robust estimate of mortality at national level. A medically certified cause of death was only recorded for 965,992 (16.8%) of the 5,735,082 deaths registered. CONCLUSION: The data recorded by India's civil registration and vital statistics system in 2011 were incomplete. If improved, the system could be used to reliably estimate mortality. We recommend improving political support and intersectoral coordination, capacity building, computerization and state-level initiatives to ensure that every death is registered and that reliable causes of death are recorded - at least within an adequate sample of registration units within each state.

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  • There are limited data regarding representative rural, population-based Indian data of causes and risk factors of neonatal mortality.

    “Moreover, there are limited data regarding representative rural, population-based Indian data of causes and risk factors of neonatal mortality. Earlier Indian studies had relatively smaller sample sizes [10–12].”

    From Neonatal deaths in rural Karnataka, India 2014–2018: a prospective population-based observational study in a low-resource setting (2020) · cites this paper as [10]

    The Results (Data quality; page not provided) say that medically certified cause-of-death data may not reflect broader national trends, and Table 4 identifies a source that is not representative of rural populations. The Discussion (page not provided) says too few deaths among children under six were registered to present findings. These passages support a general data limitation, but the paper does not establish a specific shortage of representative rural data on both causes and risk factors of neonatal mortality. (LLM, conf=0.83)

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Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. [1]World development report 1993: investing in health. New York: Oxford University Press; 1993.
  2. [2]Pandey A, Roy N, Bhawsar R, Mishra RM. Health information system in India: issues of data availability and quality. Demogr India. 2010; 39(1): 111– 8.
  3. [28]WHO nomenclature regulations. In: International statistical classification of diseases and health related problems, 10th revision. Volume 1 Geneva: World Health Organization; 1993 pp. 1241– 3.
  4. [33]Statistical presentation. International statistical classification of diseases and health related problems, 10th revision. Volume 2 Geneva: World Health Organization; 1993 pp. 124– 38.
  5. [38]Maternal death review guidebook. New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; 2010.

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Authors
Gupta, M., Rao, C., Lakshmi, P., Prinja, S., & Kumar, R.
Affiliations
  • Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (IN)
  • Australian National University (AU)
Corresponding author
Gupta, Mamta
ORCID
Venue
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Publisher
WHO Press
Published
2015-11-02
Volume
94
Issue
1
Pages
10-21
ISSN
0042-9686 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2471/blt.15.153585
PMC
PMC4709797
OpenAlex
W2413356385
Cited by
51
References
11
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 1
FWCI
6.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Bulletin of the World Health Organization (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Demography › Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Medical Coding and Health Information
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
Keywords
civil registration and vital statistics, mortality estimation, death registration completeness, cause of death classification, ill-defined causes of death, life tables, data quality, intersectoral coordination, capacity building, India, Punjab
MeSH terms
Data Accuracy, Cause of Death, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Death Certificates, Humans, India, Life Expectancy, Vital Statistics, Life Tables

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