Student Adaptation to College Survey: The Role of Self-Compassion in College Adjustment

“One such self-compassion program that has been found to increase self-compassion, mindfulness, life satisfaction, connectedness, optimism, and self-efficacy, while decreasing rumination in female college students is the Mindfulness Self-Compassion program (MSC; Neff & Germer, 2013; Smeets et al., 2014).”

“…self-compassion program that has been found to increase self-compassion, mindfulness, life satisfaction, connectedness, optimism, and self-efficacy, while decreasing rumination in female college students is the Mindfulness Self-Compassion program (MSC; Neff & Germer, 2013; Smeets et al., 2014).”

“Similarly, Beiter et al. (2015) found that depression, anxiety, and stress levels were all positively correlated with life concerns such as academic performance, pressure to succeed, post-graduation plans, financial concerns, quality of sleep, relationships with friends, relationship with family,…”

“Self-compassion is a skill that can be taught, as demonstrated by a recent meta-analysis of self-compassion intervention studies (Ferrari et al., 2019).”

“…self-compassion program that has been found to increase self-compassion, mindfulness, life satisfaction, connectedness, optimism, and self-efficacy, while decreasing rumination in female college students is the Mindfulness Self-Compassion program (MSC; Neff & Germer, 2013; Smeets et al., 2014).”

“The goal of the present study was to examine whether aspects of self-compassion, which have been found to be associated with decreased stress (Neely et al., 2009), would be associated with students’ adjustment to college.”

“Making Friends with Yourself (MFY; Bluth et al., 2016), like MSC, focuses on teaching skills to build resilience and improve emotional wellbeing.”

“These are similar to the alpha coefficients reported by the author of the scale (.88, .91, .85, and .90, respectively; Baker et al., 1985).”

“Additionally, students in the social support intervention group experience less loneliness than control students (Mattanah et al., 2010).”

“In a study of first-year undergraduate students, self-compassion was found to be negatively associated with depression and anxiety (Terry et al., 2013).”

“Similarly, Gibbons et al. (2019) found that one of the barriers to going to college for first-generation students was their parents’ lack of experience and Student Adaptation to College Survey | Scott and Donovan SUMMER 2021 PSI CHI JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 111COPYRIGHT 2021 BY PSI CHI,…”

“Rodgers and Tennison (2009) found, in a sample of 426 first-year college students, that each of the six major symptom categories of adjustment disorder were reported at higher rates than would be expected in a community sample with emotional symptoms, sleep disturbances, and academic difficulties…”

“Additionally, when looking at communication between first-generation college students and their parents about college, Palbusa and Gauvain (2017) found that first-generation college students found conversations with their parents less helpful and of poorer quality than students whose parents did…”

“Although the design of our study did not allow us to determine causality, in other studies, self-compassion has been found to predict student well-being (Booker & Dunsmore, 2019; Neely et al., 2009; Terry et al., 2013).”

“Melendez (2019) found that residential status was negatively associated with social adjustment and institutional attachment (as measured by the SACQ) in that students who lived on campus were better socially adjusted and felt a higher attachment to their institution.”

“Specifically, self-compassion seems to assist students in adjusting to university life (Aini & Pratiwi, 2021; Aydin, 2023; Neff & Davidson, 2016; Scott & Donovan, 2021).”

“On the other hand, psychological flexibility processes associated with AjD are mindfulness and self-compassion [21, 22].”

“For example, individuals growing up with a strong, supportive bond from caregivers, can present with a secure attachment style, and respond to threats with similar care towards themselves and others (Neff & McGehee, 2010).”

“Evidence from the current literature on fi rst-generation students suggests interventions be undertaken by higher education stakeholders that promote self-compassion to ease college adjustment (Kroshus et al., 2021; Scott & Donovan, 2021; Wang et al., 2023).”

“[31], позитивная временная перспектива [55], осмысленность жизни [93], уверенность в себе [79] и самосострадание студента [34; 90], ко-торое является предиктором улучшения пси-хоэмоционального состояния студентов, ис-пытывающих умеренное усиление депрессии и тревожности перед поступлением в колледж…”

“…designed to foster self-compassion could be more effective if they include components that encourage the development of high-quality friendships, thereby providing a supportive environment that reinforces self-compassionate behaviors (Dong et al., 2023; Frentz et al., 2020; Scott & Donovan, 2021).”

“However, many freshmen struggle to adjust to their first academic year [11], finding it difficult to understand the complex regulation network that is composed of formal constraints and informal constraints of campus services.”