Effects of condensed tannins supplementation level on weight gain and in vitro and in vivo bloat precursors in steers grazing winter wheat1
Abstract
Research was conducted to determine the effects of level of supplementation with quebracho condensed tannins (CT) on in vitro ruminal fluid gas production, in vivo ruminal fluid protein fractions, bloat dynamics, and ADG of steers grazing winter wheat. Two experiments were conducted to 1) enumerate the effect of ruminal fluid from steers fed quebracho CT (0, 1, and 2% CT/kg of DMI) on in vitro gas and methane production from minced fresh wheat forage; and 2) quantify the influence of CT supplementation on ruminal protein characteristics, biofilm complexes, bloat potential, and ADG of steers grazing wheat pasture. Eighteen ruminally cannulated steers (386 +/- 36 kg of BW) were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatments that included a control (water infusion) and 2 CT treatment levels (1 or 2% CT/kg of DMI). Treatments were administered daily (63 d) through the rumen cannula as pre-mixes with warm water (approximately 30 degrees C). Rumen contents were collected 2 h postinfusion (at 1030 to 1130) on d 0, 20, 40, 50, and 60. Bloat was visually scored daily for 5 d each wk. In Exp. 1, supplementation of CT decreased the rate of in vitro gas production in a dose-dependent response. In Exp. 2, ADG increased (P < 0.04) at both levels of CT supplementation. Mean bloat score across stage of growth and replicates decreased linearly with increasing CT supplementation; bloat scores were greater (P < 0.001) for the vegetative than for the reproductive stage of plant growth. Biofilm production and rumen fluid protein fractions varied among CT treatments and stage of growth. Addition of CT reduced the severity of bloat, principally through reducing microbial activities, biofilm production, and ruminal gas production. Quebracho CT is potentially a value-added supplement that can decrease the impacts of frothy bloat and increase BW gains in stocker cattle-wheat systems.
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A decrease up to 25 to 50% is observed in in vitro CH4 production in steers grazing winter wheat forage (15 to 18% CP) supplemented with quebracho condensed tannin extract at 10-20 g/kg dry matter intake.
“For example, a decrease up to 25 to 50% was observed in in vitro CH4 production in steers grazing on winter wheat forage (15 to 18% CP) supplemented with quebracho CT extract at 10–20 g/kg DMI (227, 228).”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [228]
Condensed tannin-rich diets can effectively decrease CH4 emissions per unit dry matter intake over a range of dietary crude protein from 15 to 25%.
“Moreover, studies have shown that CT-rich diets can effectively decrease CH4 emissions per unit of DMI over a range of dietary CP from 15 to 25%.”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [228]
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- Authors
- Min, B. R., Pinchak, W. E., Anderson, R. C., Fulford, J. D., & Puchala, R.
- Affiliations
- Agricultural Research Service (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pinchak, W. E.
- Venue
- Journal of Animal Science
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-09-01
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2546-2554
- ISSN
- 0021-8812 (ISSN-L)
- 1525-3163
- OpenAlex
- W1980841082
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 7.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Animal Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Pasture and Agricultural Systems
- Keywords
- proanthocyanidins, quebracho, frothy bloat, steers, rumen fluid, in vitro gas production, methane production, average daily gain, stocker cattle, plant growth stages
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animal Feed, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Bacterial Proteins, Cattle, Cattle Diseases, Diet, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Male, Methane, Rumen, Seasons, Triticum, Weight Gain, Biofilms, Dietary Supplements, Proanthocyanidins
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