The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 79 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evaluating the Relationship Between Student Attendance and Achievement in Urban Elementary and Middle Schools: An Instrumental Variables Approach
Abstract
Researchers, policymakers, practitioners, and parents have assumed a positive relationship between school attendance and academic success. And yet, among the vast body of empirical research examining how input factors relate to academic outcomes, few investigations have honed in on the precision of the relationship between individual attendance and student achievement. The purpose of this article is to provide insight into this relationship. Specifically, this study has evaluated the hypothesis that the number of days a student was present in school positively affected learning outcomes. To assess this, a unique empirical approach was taken in order to evaluate a comprehensive dataset of elementary and middle school students in the Philadelphia School District. Employing a fixed effects framework and instrumental variables strategy, this study provides evidence from a quasi-experimental design geared at estimating the causal impact of attendance on multiple measures of achievement, including GPA and standardized reading and math test performance. The results consistently indicate positive and statistically significant relationships between student attendance and academic achievement for both elementary and middle school students.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Chronic absenteeism has been linked to a number of negative outcomes for students, including lower achievement, course failure, and ultimately student disengagement and increased risk of dropping out of high school (Allensworth and Easton 2007;Allensworth et al. 2014; Balfanz and Byrnes 2012; Balfanz, Herzog, and Mac Iver 2007; Gottfried 2010; Mac Iver and Mac Iver 2010; Ready 2010).”
From Danger on the way to school: exposure to violent crime, public transportation, and absenteeism (2019) · cites this paper as Gottfried 2010
Citations
Cites
(2013) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.103.5.i · Cited by 15,501
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed
Cooper, A. M., & Michels, R. (1981) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.138.1.128 · Cited by 7,419
Spillane, J. P. (2003) · Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis · doi:10.3102/01623737025004343 · Cited by 4,289
Finn, J. D. (1989) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.2307/1170412 · Cited by 2,702
Economic Shocks and Civil Conflict: An Instrumental Variables Approach
Miguel, E., Satyanath, S., & Sergenti, E. (2004) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/421174 · Cited by 2,460
On the Specification and Estimation of the Production Function for Cognitive Achievement
Todd, P. E., & Wolpin, K. I. (2003) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.1111/1468-0297.00097 · Cited by 1,514
Judd, C. H. (1928) · Journal of Education · doi:10.1177/002205742810700706 · Cited by 1,410
Dropping Out of Middle School: A Multilevel Analysis of Students and Schools
Rumberger, R. W. (1995) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/00028312032003583 · Cited by 1,316
School subsidies for the poor: evaluating the Mexican Progresa poverty program
Schultz, T. (2004) · Journal of Development Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2003.12.009 · Cited by 1,302
Does peer ability affect student achievement?
Hanushek, E. A., Kain, J. F., Markman, J. M., & Rivkin, S. G. (2003) · Journal of Applied Econometrics · doi:10.1002/jae.741 · Cited by 1,189
Research works printed but not linked: 13
- Balfanz R., 2004, Locating the dropout crisis
- Durden G. C., 1995, American Economic Review, 85, 343
- Fine M., 1994, Chartering urban school reform, 5
- 10.3102/00346543059002117 · DOI · Paper page
- Finn J. D., 1993, School engagement and students at risk
- Halfors D., 2002, Journal of Social Health, 72, 205
- Johnson G. M., 2005, Educational Technology and Society, 8, 179
- Kirby A., 2003, The Economic and Social Review, 34, 311
- Levine J. R., Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association
- Marburger D. R., 2001, Journal of Economic Education, 14, 11
- Roby D. E., 2004, Educational Research Quarterly, 28, 3
- Schneider B., 2007, Estimating causal effects using experimental and observational designs
- Summers A. A., 1977, American Economic Review, 67, 639
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Jones, D. E., Greenberg, M., & Crowley, M. (2015) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2015.302630 · Cited by 1,190
The ventilation problem in schools: literature review
Fisk, W. J. (2017) · Indoor Air · doi:10.1111/ina.12403 · Cited by 338
Chronic Absenteeism and Its Effects on Students' Academic and Socioemotional Outcomes
Gottfried, M. A. (2014) · Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR) · doi:10.1080/10824669.2014.962696 · Cited by 328
Okonofua, J. A., Walton, G. M., & Eberhardt, J. L. (2016) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691616635592 · Cited by 376
The economic value of social and emotional learning
Belfield, C., Bowden, A. B., Klapp, A., Levin, H., Shand, R., & Zander, S. (2015) · Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis · doi:10.1017/bca.2015.55 · Cited by 307
(2012) · Education Digest: Essential Readings Condensed for Quick Review · Cited by 224
Assessing the effect of school days and absences on test score performance
Aucejo, E. M., & Romano, T. F. (2016) · Economics of Education Review · doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.08.007 · Cited by 222
Reducing student absences at scale by targeting parents’ misbeliefs
Rogers, T., & Feller, A. (2018) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-018-0328-1 · Cited by 210
Flaking Out: Student Absences and Snow Days as Disruptions of Instructional Time
Goodman, J. (2014) · doi:10.3386/w20221 · Cited by 177
Armour, M., Sinclair, J., Ng, C. H. M., Hyman, M. S., Lawson, K., Smith, C. A., & Abbott, J. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73389-2 · Cited by 149
Chronic Absenteeism in the Classroom Context: Effects on Achievement
Gottfried, M. A. (2019) · Urban Education · doi:10.1177/0042085915618709 · Cited by 147
Reducing Student Absenteeism in the Early Grades by Targeting Parental Beliefs
Robinson, C. D., Lee, M. G. L., Dearing, E., & Rogers, T. (2018) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/0002831218772274 · Cited by 146
The short- and long-run impacts of secondary school absences
Liu, J., Lee, M., & Gershenson, S. (2021) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2021.104441 · Cited by 143
Behavioural science and policy: where are we now and where are we going?
Sanders, M., Snijders, V., & Hallsworth, M. (2018) · Behavioural Public Policy · doi:10.1017/bpp.2018.17 · Cited by 138
Demography as Destiny: Schooling, Work and Aboriginal Population Change at Wadeye
Taylor, J. (2010) · ANU Open Research (Australian National University) · Cited by 135
Development of a cognition-priming model describing learning in a STEM classroom
Lamb, R. L., Akmal, T. T., & Petrie, K. (2015) · Journal of Research in Science Teaching · doi:10.1002/tea.21200 · Cited by 136
Armour, M., Ferfolja, T., Curry, C., Hyman, M. S., Parry, K. A., Chalmers, J., Smith, C. A., MacMillan, F., & Holmes, K. (2020) · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2020.06.007 · Cited by 129
Pathways to New Accountability Through the Every Student Succeeds Act
Darling-Hammond, L., Bae, S., Cook-Harvey, C., Lam, L., Mercer, C., Podolsky, A., & Stosich, E. L. (2016) · Learning Policy Institute · doi:10.54300/966.414 · Cited by 127
Smerillo, N. E., Reynolds, A. J., Temple, J. A., & Ou, S.-R. (2018) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2017.11.001 · Cited by 125
Socioeconomic status and school absenteeism: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Sosu, E., Dare, S., Goodfellow, C., & Klein, M. (2021) · Review of Education · doi:10.1002/rev3.3291 · Cited by 155
Joshi, A., & Amadi, C. (2013) · Journal of Environmental and Public Health · doi:10.1155/2013/984626 · Cited by 113
School Absenteeism and Academic Achievement: Does the Reason for Absence Matter?
Klein, M., Sosu, E., & Dare, S. (2022) · AERA Open · doi:10.1177/23328584211071115 · Cited by 153
Dolean, D. D., Melby‐Lervåg, M., Ţincaş, I., Damşa, C. I., & Lervåg, A. (2019) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2019.101218 · Cited by 139
Impact of mental disorders on attendance at school
Lawrence, D. M., Dawson, V., Houghton, S. J., Goodsell, B., & Sawyer, M. G. (2019) · Australian Journal of Education · doi:10.1177/0004944118823576 · Cited by 135
“When” Students Miss School: The Role of Timing of Absenteeism on Students’ Test Performance
Gottfried, M. A., & Kirksey, J. (2017) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x17703945 · Cited by 95
Identifying the Determinants of Chronic Absenteeism: A Bioecological Systems Approach
Gottfried, M. A., & Gee, K. A. (2017) · Teachers College Record The Voice of Scholarship in Education · doi:10.1177/016146811711900704 · Cited by 114
Linking getting to school with going to school
Gottfried, M. A. (2017) · Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis · doi:10.3102/0162373717699472 · Cited by 104
Fantuzzo, J., LeBoeuf, W., Rouse, H., & Chen, C.-C. (2012) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2012.04.004 · Cited by 92
School absenteeism in the first decade of education and outcomes in adolescence
Ansari, A., & Pianta, R. C. (2019) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2019.07.010 · Cited by 93
Multidimensionality of behavioural engagement: Empirical support and implications
Hospel, V., Galand, B., & Janosz, M. (2016) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/j.ijer.2016.02.007 · Cited by 83
Danger on the way to school: exposure to violent crime, public transportation, and absenteeism
Burdick-Will, J., Stein, M., & Grigg, J. (2019) · Sociological Science · doi:10.15195/v6.a5 · Cited by 81
Klein, M., Sosu, E., & Dare, S. (2020) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105432 · Cited by 101
Too Scared to Learn? The Academic Consequences of Feeling Unsafe in the Classroom
Lacoe, J. R. (2016) · Urban Education · doi:10.1177/0042085916674059 · Cited by 83
Lau, C. H., Springston, E., Sohn, M., Mason, I., Gadola, E., Damitz, M., & Gupta, R. S. (2012) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2431-12-52 · Cited by 83
Ehrlich, S. B., Gwynne, J. A., & Allensworth, E. M. (2018) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.02.012 · Cited by 86
The Grade-Level and Cumulative Outcomes of Absenteeism
Ansari, A., & Gottfried, M. A. (2021) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.13555 · Cited by 90
Liu, J., & Loeb, S. (2019) · The Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.3368/jhr.56.2.1216-8430r3 · Cited by 71
The impact of common infections on school absenteeism during an academic year
Azor-Martínez, E., Gonzalez-Jimenez, Y., Seijas-Vazquez, M. L., Cobos-Carrascosa, E., Santisteban-Martínez, J., Martínez-López, J. M., Jimenez-Noguera, E., Galan-Requena, M. D. M., Garrido-Fernández, P., Strizzi, J. M., et al. (2014) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2014.02.017 · Cited by 68
Feldman, M. A., Ojanen, T. J., Gesten, E. L., Smith-Schrandt, H. L., Brannick, M. Τ., Totura, C. M. W., Alexander, L., Scanga, D., & Brown, K. (2014) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.21799 · Cited by 65
Xie, H., Kang, J., & Tompsett, R. (2011) · Applied Acoustics · doi:10.1016/j.apacoust.2010.10.013 · Cited by 60
Are We Making Education Count in Remote Australian Communities or Just Counting Education?
Guenther, J. (2013) · The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education · doi:10.1017/jie.2013.23 · Cited by 59
Kirksey, J. J. (2019) · AERA Open · doi:10.1177/2332858419867692 · Cited by 69
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Educational Achievement in Children Aged 8–9 Years
O’Leary, C., Taylor, C. L., Zubrick, S. R., Kurinczuk, J. J., & Bower, C. I. (2013) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2012-3002 · Cited by 57
Onofrei, G., & Ferry, P. (2020) · International Journal of Educational Management · doi:10.1108/ijem-12-2019-0418 · Cited by 57
Absenteeism in Head Start and Children's Academic Learning
Ansari, A., & Purtell, K. M. (2017) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12800 · Cited by 61
Associations between school absence and academic achievement: Do socioeconomics matter?
Hancock, K., Lawrence, D. M., Shepherd, C., Mitrou, F., & Zubrick, S. R. (2017) · British Educational Research Journal · doi:10.1002/berj.3267 · Cited by 62
Stein, M. L., & Grigg, J. A. (2019) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/0002831219833917 · Cited by 56
Kearney, C. A. (2021) · Child & Youth Care Forum · doi:10.1007/s10566-020-09591-0 · Cited by 51
Antwi-Agyei, P., Mwakitalima, A., Seleman, A., Tenu, F. F., Kuiwite, T., Kiberiti, S., & Roma, E. (2017) · Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development · doi:10.2166/washdev.2017.159 · Cited by 50
Principal Quality and Student Attendance
Bartanen, B. (2020) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x19898702 · Cited by 74
Kirksey, J. J., Sattin-Bajaj, C., Gottfried, M. A., Freeman, J., & Ozuna, C. S. (2020) · AERA Open · doi:10.1177/2332858419899074 · Cited by 49
Strolin-Goltzman, J., Sisselman, A., Melekis, K., & Auerbach, C. (2014) · Health & Social Work · doi:10.1093/hsw/hlu018 · Cited by 58
Balfanz, R., & Byrnes, V. (2018) · Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR) · doi:10.1080/10824669.2018.1435283 · Cited by 48
Can center-based childcare reduce the odds of early chronic absenteeism?
Gottfried, M. A. (2015) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2015.04.002 · Cited by 48
Building Representative Matched Samples With Multi-Valued Treatments in Large Observational Studies
Bennett, M., Vielma, J. P., & Zubizarreta, J. R. (2020) · Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics · doi:10.1080/10618600.2020.1753532 · Cited by 50
Stability of income and school attendance among NYC students of low-income families
Gennetian, L. A., Rodrigues, C., Hill, H. D., & Morris, P. (2018) · Economics of Education Review · doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2018.01.003 · Cited by 44
Supporting less proficient writers through linguistically aware teaching
Myhill, D., Jones, S., & Lines, H. (2018) · Language and Education · doi:10.1080/09500782.2018.1438468 · Cited by 43
Factors Associated with Absenteeism in High Schools
Demir, K., & Karabeyoğlu, Y. (2016) · Eurasian Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.14689/ejer.2016.62.4 · Cited by 49
The Severity of State Truancy Policies and Chronic Absenteeism
Conry, J. M., & Richards, M. P. (2018) · Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR) · doi:10.1080/10824669.2018.1439752 · Cited by 37
Sälzer, C., Trautwein, U., Lüdtke, O., & Stamm, M. (2011) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2011.12.001 · Cited by 45
Balu, R., & Ehrlich, S. B. (2018) · Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR) · doi:10.1080/10824669.2018.1438898 · Cited by 36
Experimental Estimates of the Student Attendance Production Function
Tran, L., & Gershenson, S. (2018) · Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis · doi:10.3102/0162373720984463 · Cited by 45
Peeking Into the Black Box of School Turnaround: A Formal Test of Mediators and Suppressors
Henry, G. T., Pham, L. D., Kho, A., & Zimmer, R. (2020) · Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis · doi:10.3102/0162373720908600 · Cited by 36
The dynamics of chronic absence and student achievement
London, R. A., Sanchez, M., & Castrechini, S. (2016) · Education Policy Analysis Archives · doi:10.14507/epaa.24.2471 · Cited by 39
The early academic resilience of children from low-income, immigrant families
Feyter, J. D., Parada, M. D., Hartman, S. C., Curby, T. W., & Winsler, A. (2020) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2020.01.001 · Cited by 41
Universal School Meals in the US: What Can We Learn from the Community Eligibility Provision?
Andreyeva, T., & Sun, X. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13082634 · Cited by 36
Deng, S., Lau, J., Wang, Z., & Wargocki, P. L. (2022) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2023.107944 · Cited by 36
Bartfeld, J. S., Berger, L. M., & Men, F. K. (2019) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2019.07.022 · Cited by 31
Simon, O., Nylund-Gibson, K. K., Gottfried, M. A., & Mireles‐Rios, R. (2020) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2020.101822 · Cited by 30
Gottfried, M. A., & Ansari, A. (2022) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2021.11.008 · Cited by 46
Balfanz, R. W. (2016) · Phi Delta Kappan · doi:10.1177/0031721716671898 · Cited by 30
Dräger, J., Klein, M., & Sosu, E. (2024) · British Educational Research Journal · doi:10.1002/berj.3992 · Cited by 48
Welsh, R. O. (2018) · Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR) · doi:10.1080/10824669.2018.1438204 · Cited by 31
Cooper, A. C., & Sánchez, B. (2016) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12263 · Cited by 28
Sommer, T. E., Sabol, T. J., Chase-Lansdale, P. L., Small, M. L., Wilde, H., Brown, S. F., & Huang, Z. Y. (2016) · Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness · doi:10.1080/19345747.2016.1258099 · Cited by 34
How School Travel Affects Children’s Psychological Well-Being and Academic Achievement in China
Ding, P., & Feng, S. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192113881 · Cited by 32
Dropout Prevention and Student Engagement
Reschly, A. L. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-37285-9_2 · Cited by 30
Nurkhamid, N., Setialana, P., Jati, H., Wardani, R., Indrihapsari, Y., & Norwawi, N. M. (2021) · Journal of Physics Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1737/1/012031 · Cited by 27
Greener, S. (2020) · Interactive Learning Environments · doi:10.1080/10494820.2020.1712105 · Cited by 27
Ansong, D., Chowa, G. A. N., Masa, R., Despard, M., Sherraden, M. W., Wu, S., & Osei‐Akoto, I. (2018) · Journal of Family and Economic Issues · doi:10.1007/s10834-018-9604-5 · Cited by 26
Andronis, L., Maredza, M., & Petrou, S. (2019) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112475 · Cited by 26
Kirksey, J. J., & Gottfried, M. A. (2021) · Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis · doi:10.3102/0162373721991572 · Cited by 34
Lynch, K., Lee, M. G. L., & Loeb, S. (2023) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2023.04.002 · Cited by 36
Another One Rides the Bus: The Impact of School Transportation on Student Outcomes in Michigan
Edwards, D. S. (2022) · Education Finance and Policy · doi:10.1162/edfp_a_00382 · Cited by 38
Johansen, A., Denbæk, A. M., Bonnesen, C. T., & Due, P. (2015) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1556-1 · Cited by 25
Sun, M., Liu, J., Zhu, J., & LeClair, Z. (2019) · Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis · doi:10.3102/0162373719869318 · Cited by 24
Archambault, L., Kennedy, K., & Bender, S. L. (2013) · Journal of Research on Technology in Education · doi:10.1080/15391523.2013.10782611 · Cited by 24
Lasky-Fink, J., Robinson, C. D., Chang, H., & Rogers, T. (2021) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x211000749 · Cited by 26
Canbolat, Y. (2024) · Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis · doi:10.3102/01623737231221503 · Cited by 22
Antonopoulos, A., Giannelli, A., Morgan, E. R., & Charlier, J. (2024) · Current Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100180 · Cited by 25
Exploring school bus ridership and absenteeism in rural communities
Gottfried, M. A., Ozuna, C. S., & Kirksey, J. J. (2021) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2021.03.009 · Cited by 24
Investigating the individual trust and school performance in semi-virtual collaboration groups
Cheng, X., Fu, S., Han, Y., & Zarifis, A. (2017) · Information Technology and People · doi:10.1108/itp-01-2016-0024 · Cited by 21
Does Absenteeism Differ for Children with Disabilities in Full-Day versus Part-Day Kindergarten?
Gottfried, M. A. (2017) · Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR) · doi:10.1080/10824669.2017.1388172 · Cited by 22
Recognized ASCA Model Program (RAMP) and Student Outcomes in Elementary and Middle Schools
Akos, P. T., Bastian, K. C., Domina, T., & de Luna, L. I. M. M. (2018) · Professional School Counseling · doi:10.1177/2156759x19869933 · Cited by 20
Examining the impediments to Indigenous strategy and approaches in mainstream secondary schools
Hynds, A. S., Averill, R. M., Penetito, W., Meyer, L. H., Hindle, R., & Faircloth, S. C. (2015) · International Journal of Leadership in Education · doi:10.1080/13603124.2015.1051130 · Cited by 22
Durham, R. E., Shiller, J., & Connolly, F. (2019) · Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR) · doi:10.1080/10824669.2019.1615922 · Cited by 23
Four Critical Domains of Accountability for School Counselors
Bemak, F., Willians, J., & Chung, R. C. (2014) · Professional School Counseling · doi:10.5330/prsc.18.1.q40379257k35n1kx · Cited by 24
Cloud Based Smart Attendance System for Educational Institutions
Yadav, V., & Bhole, G. P. (2019) · International Conference on Machine Learning, Big Data, Cloud and Parallel Computing (COM-IT-CON) · doi:10.1109/comitcon.2019.8862182 · Cited by 20
School absences, academic achievement, and adolescents’ post-school destinations
Klein, M., & Sosu, E. (2024) · Oxford Review of Education · doi:10.1080/03054985.2024.2308520 · Cited by 28
Young, B. N., Benka-Coker, W. O., Weller, Z. D., Oliver, S., Schaeffer, J. W., & Magzamen, S. L. (2021) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108053 · Cited by 19
Metadata
- Authors
- Gottfried, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gottfried, Michael A.
- Venue
- American Educational Research Journal
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 434-465
- ISSN
- 0002-8312 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-1011
- OpenAlex
- W2113436206
- Cited by
- 342
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 25.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Educational Research Journal (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Youth Substance Use and School Attendance
- Social Sciences › Education › School Choice and Performance
- Social Sciences › Education › Innovations in Educational Methods
- Keywords
- school attendance, academic performance, urban elementary schools, urban middle schools, grade point average, standardized test performance, reading achievement, mathematics achievement, School District of Philadelphia
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review