Effect of normal sperm morphology rate (NSMR) on clinical outcomes and fertilization methods selection in the ultra-short-term GnRH-a protocol
Abstract
Purpose To investigate whether intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can improve the clinical outcomes of the male patients with teratozoospermia in the ultra-short term GnRH-a protocol. Methods Based on different normal sperm morphology rate (NSMR), the patients were divided into three groups as follows: NSMR = 0% group, 1% ≤NSMR Results We observed that the total clinical pregnancy rate in single cleavage-stage embryo transfer (SET) group was significantly lower compared with double cleavage-stage embryo transfer (DET) group (23.87% versus 40.08%; p 0.05). The normal fertilization, high-quality embryo, transferrable embryo, implantation, pregnancy and abortion rate of IVF and ICSI showed no significant difference among three groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion ICSI cannot improve clinical outcomes of the patients with teratozoospermia in the ultra-short term GnRH-a protocol.
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Three studies reported significantly higher fertilisation rates after ICSI than after IVF.
“Lastly, three studies reported significantly higher fertilisation rates after ICSI than after IVF [97, 107, 108].”
From Recommendations for Human Sperm Morphology Assessment in 2025: An Expert Review From the French BLEFCO Group (2026) · cites this paper as [108]
In the latter study, no significant difference was observed between fertilisation rates after IVF and ICSI in the subgroup with 0% normal morphology.
“However, in the latter study, no significant difference was observed between fertilisation rates after IVF and ICSI in the subgroup with 0% normal morphology [108].”
From Recommendations for Human Sperm Morphology Assessment in 2025: An Expert Review From the French BLEFCO Group (2026) · cites this paper as [108]
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Transferring two grades I cleavage-stage embryo might not be a good protocol
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Li, M., Ma, C., Xue, X., Zhao, W., Zhang, S., & Shi, J.
- Affiliations
- Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Shi, Juanzi
- Venue
- Gynecological Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-10-06
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 120-123
- ISSN
- 0951-3590 (ISSN-L)
- 1473-0766
- OpenAlex
- W1884007970
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 1.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Gynecological Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Keywords
- teratozoospermia, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, in vitro fertilization, fertilization rate, embryo quality, embryo transfer, clinical pregnancy rate, male infertility
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Clinical Protocols, Embryo Transfer, Female, Fertilization in Vitro, Humans, Infertility, Male, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Male, Pregnancy, Spermatozoa, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic
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