The combined effects of reduced weightbearing and ionizing radiation on splenic lymphocyte population and function
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: The effects of radiation +/- hypogravity on immunologic function were investigated using the Partial Weight Suspension (PWS) model ( Wagner et al. 2010 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice were exposed to 0.5, 1, or 2 Gray (Gy) dose of gamma radiation and then placed in the PWS system for 4, 24, 48 hours, or 4 days. Spleens were excised and white blood cells were prepared for flow cytometry analyses. RESULTS: The combination of PWS + radiation (1 and 2 Gy doses only) resulted in decreased cell viability at the 24 h (∼16% decrease), 48 h (∼20% decrease), and 4 day (∼20% decrease) time points, compared to the PWS (no radiation) and no treatment (non-suspended, non-irradiated) groups. The T lymphocyte (thymus-derived) population increased by ∼10% (24 h, 48 h, and 4 day time points), while the B lymphocyte (bursal or bone marrow-derived) population decreased by ∼10% (at all time points examined), when mice were exposed to PWS + radiation (2 Gy dose only), compared to the PWS or no treatment groups. T cell activation was observed in the PWS group and the 0.5 Gy +/- PWS groups at the 4 and 24 h time points, compared to the no treatment group. However, T cell activation was significantly suppressed (∼85%) at the acute time points in the 2 Gy +/- PWS groups, comparable to the no treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: Ionizing radiation in the absence and presence of simulated hypogravity results in acute lymphocyte dysfunction and compromised immune response.
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Studies of synergistic effects of radiation combined with spaceflight stressors indicate increased susceptibility to infection and delayed wound healing.
“Additionally, studies of the synergistic effects of radiation combined with the unusual set of stressors experienced in spaceflight-microgravity, isolation and emotional stress-indicate an increased susceptibility to infection and delayed wound healing (Sanzari et al. 2011).”
From Radiation environment for future human exploration on the surface of Mars: the current understanding based on MSL/RAD dose measurements (2021) · cites this paper as Sanzari et al. 2011
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that radiation combined with reduced weightbearing harmed splenic lymphocyte function in mice and may contribute to immune compromise during spaceflight. The paper does not report increased infection susceptibility or delayed wound healing, and it did not test isolation or emotional stress. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Sanzari, J. K., Wilson, J. M., Wagner, E. B., & Kennedy, A. R.
- Affiliations
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kennedy, Ann R.
- Venue
- International Journal of Radiation Biology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-07-19
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1033-1038
- ISSN
- 0955-3002 (ISSN-L)
- 1362-3095
- PMC
- PMC3572899
- OpenAlex
- W1964992885
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- International Journal of Radiation Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Space Biomedical Research Institute
- National Cancer Institute (T32CA009677)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotoxicology and immune responses
- Keywords
- ionizing radiation, gamma radiation, splenocytes, T cells, B cells, T cell activation, lymphocyte dysfunction, immunosuppression, spaceflight immunology
- MeSH terms
- Animals, B-Lymphocytes, Cell Survival, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Flow Cytometry, Lymphocyte Activation, Lymphocytes, Radiation Injuries, Experimental, Radiation, Ionizing, Spleen, Time Factors, Rats
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