Physical activity monitoring in stroke: SenseWear Pro2 Activity accelerometer versus Yamax Digi-Walker SW-200 Pedometer
Abstract
PURPOSE: Determine validity and reliability of SenseWear Pro2 Armband (SWP2A) and Yamax Digi-Walker SW-200 Pedometer (YDWP) in stroke and healthy adults. METHODS: Fifteen stroke patients and 15 healthy participants wore SWP2A on upper arm and YDWP at hip/knee. Different activities were performed: treadmill walking, walking up/down a step, cycling and walking on an even surface. Steps and Energy Expenditure (EE) were measured and compared to steps counted manually and indirect calorimetry. Repeated measurements were compared to determine reliability of both devices. RESULTS: Spearman correlation coefficients between knee-worn YDWP and counted steps while walking on an even surface was ≥0.89 in healthy and ≥0.95 in stroke. Treadmill walking revealed high Spearman correlation coefficients in healthy individuals (rs ≥ 0.90) and at 1.5 km/h in stroke (rs = 0.69). During other activities YDWP often underestimated steps. SWP2A data revealed inconsistent results in EE and steps. Reliability tested by repeated measurements varied between 0.66 and 0.98 for YDWP and 0.61 and 0.97 for SWP2A. CONCLUSION: YDWP and SWP2A are both reliable. Only knee-worn YDWP is a valid device to measure steps except high intensity walking in stroke. YDWP systematically undercounts steps during other activities of short duration. This study could not demonstrate valid measurement of steps/EE in stroke using SWP2A. Implications for Rehabilitation Stroke is a disabling disease with residual neurologic deficits, which impairs mobility and predisposes them to sedentary behavior. A Yamax Digi-Walker SW-200 knee-worn pedometer showed to be a valid and reliable technique to measure ambulatory activity in stroke. A valid instrument to measure energy expenditure in stroke needs to be explored.
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One study reported no significant correlation between step counts derived from arm worn sensors and manual observational step counting.
“One study reported no significant correlation between step counts derived from arm worn sensors and manual observational step counting, while an inconsistent but moderate-to-strong correlation (r = 0.56–0.85) for measuring energy expenditure was noted with indirect calorimetry [59].”
From Wearable sensors for clinical applications in epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke: A mixed-methods systematic review (2018) · cites this paper as [59]
Test-retest reliability for step counts and energy expenditure (ICC = 0.61-0.98) was reported.
“Test–retest reliability for step counts and energy expenditure (ICC = 0.61–0.98) was also reported [59].”
From Wearable sensors for clinical applications in epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke: A mixed-methods systematic review (2018) · cites this paper as [59]
An inconsistent but moderate-to-strong correlation (r = 0.56-0.85) was noted for measuring energy expenditure with indirect calorimetry.
“One study reported no significant correlation between step counts derived from arm worn sensors and manual observational step counting, while an inconsistent but moderate-to-strong correlation (r = 0.56–0.85) for measuring energy expenditure was noted with indirect calorimetry [59].”
From Wearable sensors for clinical applications in epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke: A mixed-methods systematic review (2018) · cites this paper as [59]
In stroke, the step counts and measures of upper extremity and physical activity were shown to be reliable.
“In stroke, the step counts and measures of upper extremity and physical activity were shown to be reliable [48, 49, 52, 56–59]”
From Wearable sensors for clinical applications in epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke: A mixed-methods systematic review (2018) · cites this paper as [59]
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- Authors
- Vanroy, C., Vissers, D., Cras, P., Beyne, S., Feys, H., Vanlandewijck, Y., & Truijen, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Antwerp (BE)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Vanroy, Christel
- Venue
- Disability and Rehabilitation
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-11-27
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 1695-1703
- ISSN
- 0963-8288 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-5165
- OpenAlex
- W2056656905
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 2.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Disability and Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Universiteit Antwerpen
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems
- Keywords
- stroke, physical activity monitoring, accelerometer, pedometers, step counting, energy expenditure, validity, reliability statistics, ambulatory activity, treadmill walking, sedentary behavior
- MeSH terms
- Calorimetry, Indirect, Disability Evaluation, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reproducibility of Results, Case-Control Studies, Monitoring, Ambulatory, Gait Disorders, Neurologic, Stroke, Accelerometry
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