The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A brain-computer interface for long-term independent home use
Abstract
Our objective was to develop and validate a new brain-computer interface (BCI) system suitable for long-term independent home use by people with severe motor disabilities. The BCI was used by a 51-year-old male with ALS who could no longer use conventional assistive devices. Caregivers learned to place the electrode cap, add electrode gel, and turn on the BCI. After calibration, the system allowed the user to communicate via EEG. Re-calibration was performed remotely (via the internet), and BCI accuracy assessed in periodic tests. Reports of BCI usefulness by the user and the family were also recorded. Results showed that BCI accuracy remained at 83% (r = -.07, n.s.) for over 2.5 years (1.4% expected by chance). The BCI user and his family state that the BCI had restored his independence in social interactions and at work. He uses the BCI to run his NIH-funded research laboratory and to communicate via e-mail with family, friends, and colleagues. In addition to this first user, several other similarly disabled people are now using the BCI in their daily lives. In conclusion, long-term independent home use of this BCI system is practical for severely disabled people, and can contribute significantly to quality of life and productivity.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“On the one hand, the emergence of interfaces based on evoked responses (P300, steady-state visually evoked potentials [SSVEP]) as the most efficient BCI solution for communication [13–16] has promoted the use of machine learning because the margin for humans to learn to regulate evoked potentials is considered to be narrow.”
From The Cybathlon BCI race: Successful longitudinal mutual learning with two tetraplegic users (2018) · cites this paper as [13]
Citations
Cites
Draper, N. R., & Smith, H. (2005) · Technometrics · doi:10.1198/tech.2005.s303 · Cited by 17,993
Brain–computer interfaces for communication and control
Wolpaw, J. R., Birbaumer, N., McFarland, D. J., Pfurtscheller, G., & Vaughan, T. M. (2002) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(02)00057-3 · Cited by 7,927
Self-citationCedarbaum, J. M., Stambler, N., Malta, E., Fuller, C., Hilt, D., Thurmond, B., & Nakanishi, A. (1999) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(99)00210-5 · Cited by 3,307
Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia
Hochberg, L. R., Serruya, M. D., Friehs, G. M., Mukand, J. A., Saleh, M., Caplan, A. H., Branner, A., Chen, D., Penn, R. D., & Donoghue, J. P. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04970 · Cited by 3,295
Farwell, L. A., & Donchin, E. (1988) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/0013-4694(88)90149-6 · Cited by 3,228
BCI2000: A General-Purpose Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) System
Schalk, G., McFarland, D. J., Hinterberger, T., Birbaumer, N., & Wolpaw, J. R. (2004) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2004.827072 · Cited by 3,129
Self-citationApplied Regression Analysis (2nd ed).
de Carvalho, J. F., Draper, N. R., & Smith, H. (1981) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2287608 · Cited by 3,054
Clarke, G. M., Draper, N. R., & Smith, H. (1982) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General) · doi:10.2307/2982106 · Cited by 1,797
A spelling device for the paralysed
Birbaumer, N., Ghanayim, N., Hinterberger, T., Iversen, I., Kotchoubey, B., Kübler, A., Perelmouter, J., Taub, E., & Flor, H. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/18581 · Cited by 1,577
The mental prosthesis: assessing the speed of a P300-based brain-computer interface
Donchin, E., Spencer, K., & Wijesinghe, R. S. (2000) · IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/86.847808 · Cited by 1,231
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Townsend GT, Clin Neurophysiol
- Lule D, 2008, Dtsch Arztebl Int, 105, 397
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–399 of 399
CLASSIFICATION OF EYELID POSITION AND EYEBALL MOVEMENT USING EEG SIGNALS
Ramli, R., Arof, H., Ibrahim, F., Idris, M. Y. I., & Khairuddin, A. S. M. (2015) · Malaysian Journal of Computer Science · Cited by 5
Park, S., Kim, M., Nam, H., Kwon, J., & Im, C. (2024) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s24020545 · Cited by 5
Toward a gaze-independent matrix speller brain–computer interface
Brunner, P., & Schalk, G. (2010) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2010.11.014 · Cited by 5
Immobilis in mobili: performing arts, BCI, and locked-in syndrome
Aparicio, A. (2015) · Brain-Computer Interfaces · doi:10.1080/2326263x.2015.1100366 · Cited by 5
Daly, J., Armstrong, E., Pinegger, A., Muller-Putz, G. R., & Martin, S. (2015) · International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication · Cited by 5
Nathan, V., & Jafari, R. (2014) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6944440 · Cited by 5
Control of a Quadcopter with Hybrid Brain-Computer Interface
Yu, Y., Garrison, H., Battison, A. S., & Gabel, L. A. (2019) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics · doi:10.1109/smc.2019.8914579 · Cited by 6
Pawlukowska, W., Baumert, B., Gołąb-Janowska, M., Pius‐Sadowska, E., Litwińska, Z., Kotowski, M., Meller, A., Rotter, I., Peregud-Pogorzelski, J. W., & Nowacki, P. (2020) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.47002 · Cited by 5
Closed-loop EEG study on visual recognition during driving
Aydarkhanov, R., Ušćumlić, M., Chavarriaga, R., Gheorghe, L., & Millán, J. D. R. (2021) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/abdfb2 · Cited by 6
Clinical Applications of Brain-Computer Interface Technology
Sellers, E. W., & Sellers, E. W. (2011) · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/155005941104200403 · Cited by 5
Self-citationInner Speech Decoding: A Comprehensive Review
Almufareh, M. F., Kausar, S., Humayun, M., Tehsin, S., & Farooq, A. (2025) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science · doi:10.1002/wcs.70016 · Cited by 5
Nathan, V., Wu, J., Zong, C., Zou, Y., Dehz, O., Reagor, M., & Jafari, R. (2013) · Cited by 4
Elastic net ensemble classifier for event-related potential based automatic spelling
Kim, S., White, A. T., Scalzo, F., & Collier, D. N. (2018) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2018.06.005 · Cited by 4
Cognitive Science and Novel Medical Technologies
Velichkovsky, B. M., & Ushakov, V. (2019) · Современные технологии в медицине · doi:10.17691/stm2019.11.1.01 · Cited by 4
Fernandes, F. G., Raemaekers, M. A. H., Freudenburg, Z. V., & Ramsey, N. F. (2024) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ad4178 · Cited by 4
Brain-computer interface administration of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-IV
Huggins, J. E., Alcaide-Aguirre, R. E., Aref, A. W., Brown, D., & Warschausky, S. A. (2015) · International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering · doi:10.1109/ner.2015.7146552 · Cited by 4
DECODING SSVEP RESPONSES BASED ON PARAFAC DECOMPOSITION
Manyakov, N. V., Chumerin, N., Combaz, A., Robben, A., van Vliet, M., & Hulle, M. M. V. (2012) · International Conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing · doi:10.5220/0003853604430447 · Cited by 4
The Challenges of Using Scalp-EEG Input Signals for Continuous Device Control
Johnson, G. D., Waytowich, N. R., & Krusienski, D. J. (2011) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21852-1_60 · Cited by 4
Brain-Machine Interfaces: From Macro- to Microcircuits
Lebedev, M., & Opriș, I. C. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9900-3_21 · Cited by 4
P300 jitter latency, brain-computer interface and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Vucic, S. (2020) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.11.017 · Cited by 4
Noninvasive Brain-Computer Interfaces
Allison, B. Z., & Krusienski, D. J. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_707-1 · Cited by 4
Considering human factors in BCI experiments: a global approach
Botte-Lecocq, C., Bekaert, M.-H., Vannobel, J.-M., Leclerc, S., & Cabestaing, F. (2014) · Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés · doi:10.3166/jesa.48.283-301 · Cited by 3
Chatelle, C., Lesenfants, D., & Noirhomme, Q. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55964-3_4 · Cited by 3
Bobrova, E. V., Frolov, A., & Решетникова, В. В. (2018) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/s11055-018-0667-4 · Cited by 3
Emotiv Epoc ile Durağan Hal Görsel Uyarılmış Potansiyel Temelli Beyin Bilgisayar Arayüzü Uygulaması
Sözer, A. T., & Fidan, C. B. (2019) · Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.445574 · Cited by 3
Moving Brain Computer Interfaces towards Home Based Systems for People with Acquired Brain Injury
Daly, J., Armstrong, E., Thomson, E., & Martin, S. (2014) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13105-4_18 · Cited by 3
Interface Design Challenge for Brain-Computer Interaction
Hill, J., Brunner, P., & Vaughan, T. M. (2011) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21852-1_57 · Cited by 3
Self-citationVIWA: COMPUTER INTERFACE DEVICE FOR PARALYZED PEOPLE USING BREATH PRESSURE
Bodaghi, T., Karami, M. R., & Jazayeriy, H. (2016) · Biomedical Engineering Applications Basis and Communications · doi:10.4015/s1016237216500046 · Cited by 3
Information-theoretic analysis of refractory effects in the P300 speller
Mayya, V., Mainsah, B. O., & Reeves, G. (2016) · Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers (ACSSC) · doi:10.1109/acssc.2016.7869654 · Cited by 2
Workshops of the Fifth International Brain-Computer
Huggins, J. E., Guger, C., Allison, B. Z., Anderson, C. W., Batista, A. P., Brouwer, A.-M., Brunner, C., Chavarriaga, R., Fried-Oken, M. B., & Gunduz, A. (2014) · Cited by 2
Emergence from Disorders of Consciousness
Murtaugh, B., Fager, S. K., & Sorenson, T. (2023) · Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2023.07.002 · Cited by 2
Kuleshov, D. Y., Boeva, E. S., Dmitriev, A. N., Baykova, E. A., Semkina, N. A., & Sviridova, P. V. (2023) · International Siberian workshops and tutorials on electron devices and materials · doi:10.1109/edm58354.2023.10225014 · Cited by 2
Recording the tactile P300 with the cEEGrid for potential use in a brain-computer interface
Eidel, M., Pfeiffer, M., Ziebell, P., & Kübler, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2024.1371631 · Cited by 4
Liu, L., & Zeng, X. (2024) · Journal of Aging and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/jagr.0000000000000022 · Cited by 2
Heo, D., & Kim, S.-P. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2025.3594341 · Cited by 2
Berry, D. R. (2011) · Digital Commons - East Tennessee State University (East Tennessee State University) · Cited by 2
Gates, N. A., Hauser, C. K., & Sellers, E. W. (2011) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21852-1_54 · Cited by 2
Self-citationLightbody, G., Allison, B. Z., & McCullagh, P. J. (2013) · Communications in medical and care compunetics · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38643-5_23 · Cited by 2
Spectral components of the P300 speller response in and adjacent to the hippocampus
Krusienski, D. J., & Shih, J. J. (2012) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics · doi:10.1109/icsmc.2012.6377713 · Cited by 2
Long Term Use Effects of a P300-Based Spelling Application
Postelnicu, C.-C., Gîrbacia, F., Machidon, O. M., & Voinea, G.-D. (2018) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91470-1_15 · Cited by 2
A Reference Model for Smart Home Environment: Functions, Semantics and Deployment
Li, W., Liewig, M., & Ramparany, F. (2020) · Advances in intelligent systems and computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45688-7_55 · Cited by 2
P300 BCI for Persons with Spinal Cord Injury: A BCI in Search of an Application?
Kübler, A., Rupp, R., & Kleih, S. C. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-68545-4_8 · Cited by 2
Real-time detection of P300 brain events: brain-computer interfaces for EEG-based communication aids
Alkhater, R. (2012) · Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology) · Cited by 2
Shedding light on motor-independent communication
Nagels-Coune, L. (2024) · doi:10.26481/dis.20240418ln · Cited by 2
Designing an online BCI forum: insights from researchers and end-users
Ziebell, P., Modde, A., Roland, E., Eidel, M., Vansteensel, M. J., Mrachacz‐Kersting, N., Vaughan, T. M., & Kübler, A. (2025) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/adaf57 · Cited by 1
Self-citationRecording from the brain: an introduction
Valeriani, D., & Vaughan, T. M. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-24824-5.00022-3 · Cited by 1
Self-citationBrain computer interface: a survey
Boyapati, Y. M., Noshin, A., Wahid, S. R., & Khan, A. A. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-41624-8.00021-8 · Cited by 1
Balasundaram, E., Aranganathan, P., Sujatha, S., Navalgund, N. R., & Gajendran, A. (2025) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-83708-166-020251003 · Cited by 1
Estado del arte en plataformas software para el desarrollo de sistemas Brain Computer Interface
Martínez-Albaladejo, F. J., Laencina, P. J. G., & Rodríguez-Bermúdez, G. (2014) · Cited by 1
Brain-Computer Interface: A Communication Aid?
Chatelle, C., Lugo, Z., Noirhomme, Q., Sorger, B., & Lulé, D. E. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2440-5_7 · Cited by 1
Schettini, F. (2014) · AMS Dottorato Institutional Doctoral Theses Repository (University of Bologna) · doi:10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/6316 · Cited by 1
Toward gaze-independent brain-computer interfaces
Brunner, P., & Schalk, G. (2013) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2013.01.017 · Cited by 1
Basul, I. A. (2017) · Experimental Psychology (Russia) · doi:10.17759/exppsy.2017100109 · Cited by 1
Electrophysiological Techniques for Studying Tactile Perception in Rats
Öztürk, S., Devecıoğlu, İ., Vardar, B., Duvan, F. T., & Güçlü, B. (2023) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-3068-6_16 · Cited by 1
Development of a brain–computer interface device converting brain signals to audio and written words
Ozsahin, D. U., Duwa, B. B., Himaid, A., Emegano, D. I., & Özşahin, İ. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-14133-1.00021-5 · Cited by 1
Galiotta, V., Caracci, V., Toppi, J., Pichiorri, F., Colamarino, E., Febo Cincotti, A., Donatella Mattia, A., & Riccio, A. (2025) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/addf7f · Cited by 1
Huang, K. T., Moses, Z. B., & Chi, J. H. (2017) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1093/neuros/nyx109 · Cited by 1
Brain-Computer Interface for Stroke Rehabilitation
Mane, R., Ang, K. K., & Guan, C. (2021) · Handbook of Neuroengineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-2848-4_33-1 · Cited by 1
Poth, C. H., Schneider, W. X., Gutmann, M., Rathgeber, B., Syed, T., Birbaumer, N., Matuz, T., Pauen, M., Reisenzein, R., Roberts, R. C., et al. (2013) · J.B. Metzler eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-476-05288-9_5 · Cited by 1
Information-Theoretic Analysis of Refractory Effects in the P300 SpellerPreprint
Mayya, V., Mainsah, B. O., & Reeves, G. (2017) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1701.03313 · Cited by 1
Benitez-Andonegui, A. (2021) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20210301ab · Cited by 1
Noninvasive Brain-Computer Interfaces
Allison, B. Z., & Krusienski, D. J. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6675-8_707 · Cited by 1
Schwartz, N. E. (2010) · Digital Commons - East Tennessee State University (East Tennessee State University)
Ng, L. (2011) · Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)
A Brain Computer Interface for eInclusion and eHealth
Daly, J., Armstrong, E., Thomson, E., & Martin, S. (2014) · Ulster University Research Portal (Ulster University)
Interfejsy mózg-komputer oparte o techniki elektroencefalograficzne
Cudo, A., Zabielska‐Mendyk, E., & Zapała, D. (2012) · CeON Repository (Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science)
Translational research: application to human neural injury
Selzer, M. E., Clarke, S., Cohen, L. G., Kwakkel, G., & Miller, R. H. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511995583.039
Covert orienting of visuospatial attention in a brain-computer interface for communication
Marchetti, M. (2012) · Padua Research Archive (University of Padova)
The software implementation of endoscope localization system based on virtual human model
Ouyang, Z., Chen, X., Wang, S., Wang, Y., & Yu, D.-Y. (2012) · IEEE International Conference on Virtual Environments, Human-Computer Interfaces and Measurement Systems (VECIMS) · doi:10.1109/vecims.2012.6273212
Interface cerveau-ordinateur : Une aide à la communication ?
Chatelle, C., Lugo, Z., Noirhomme, Q., Sorger, B., & Lulé, D. E. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-2-8178-0127-8_8
Basul, I. A. (2016) · Experimental Psychology (Russia) · doi:10.17759/exppsy.2015080410
Mainsah, B. O. (2016) · DukeSpace (Duke University)
A Concept-Based P300 Communication System
Smith, C. D. D. (2012) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
A Review of Classification Methods for Brain Computer Interface
Subrahmanyam, D. V. S. S. (2014)
Faress, A. (2012) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Analysis of asynchronous brain computer interface using discrete wavelet transform
Aydın, E. A., Bay, Ö. F., & Güler, İ. (2018) · Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU) · doi:10.1109/siu.2018.8404324
Seleção de canais para BCIs baseadas no P300
Ulisses, P. H. C. (2019) · doi:10.11606/d.55.2019.tde-29042019-150956
Ezquerro, S., Bertomeu-Motos, A., Barios, J. A., Pérez, L. D. L., Catalan, J. M., & García-Aracil, N. (2020) · Jornadas de Automática · doi:10.17979/spudc.9788497497565.0108
Decoding task states from distributed local field potential recordings
Provenza, N. R. (2017) · doi:10.7301/z0348htc
Understanding and improving neurofeedback-guided self-regulation
Skottnik, L. (2020) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20200408ls
Noninvasive Brain-Computer Interfaces
Allison, B. Z., & Krusienski, D. J. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1006-0_707
Freeing P300-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces from Daily Calibration by Extracting Daily Common ERPsPreprint
Heo, D., & Kim, S.-P. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.03.02.581675
Persistent tactile P3 in long-term brain-computer interface home use by a patient in locked-in statePreprint
Ziebell, P., Pfeiffer, M., Tröger, W., Halder, S., Giesler, T., Kübler, A., & Eidel, M. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/abjyw
Cecotti, H. (2024) · International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) · doi:10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650085
Noninvasive BCI for Communication
Chaudhary, U. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-78991-5_4
Harnessing Brain Signals for Communication
Arbel, Y. (2013) · ASHA Leader · doi:10.1044/leader.ftr3.18012013.np
Huggins, J. E., Biswas, P., Huggins, J., & Chandel, R. (2026) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s26072123
Neural Reconstruction in Disorders of Consciousness: Prospects and Emerging Challenges
Kolisnyk, M., Rankaduwa, S., Gupta, G., Kazazian, K., Debicki, D., & Owen, A. M. (2026) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/10738584261434939
Exploring individual biases in BCI research and users: Does gender matter?
Herbert, C., Acuna, V. R., Kneipp, R. R. K., & Kapfer, N. I. (2026) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2025.1695370
Nanomaterials for Brain–Computer Interfaces: Advancements and Applications
Singh, R., Singh, R., Bhatia, N., & Arora, S. (2026) · Reference series in phytochemistry · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-69044-0_25-1
Overcoming subject variability in P300 decoding based on quantification by deep learning
Liu, M., & Beyette, F. R. (2026) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2026.1940267
A Novel P300 speller with motor imagery embedded in a traditional oddball paradigm.
Karnad, V. (2011) · VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University) · doi:10.25772/zb43-4305
Metadata
- Authors
- Sellers, E. W., Vaughan, T. M., & Wolpaw, J. R.
- Affiliations
- East Tennessee State University (US)
- New York State Department of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sellers, Eric W.
- Venue
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-06-29
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 449-455
- ISSN
- 1471-180X (ISSN-L)
- 1748-2968
- OpenAlex
- W1973921785
- Cited by
- 400
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 21.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - East Tennessee State University (East Tennessee State University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- ALS Hope Foundation
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (EB 00856, R01EB000856)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD030146, HD30146)
- National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility
- Keywords
- brain-computer interface, severe motor impairment, EEG-based communication, assistive technology, caregiver education, quality of life
- MeSH terms
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Brain, Communication Devices for People with Disabilities, Electroencephalography, Persons with Disabilities, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, User-Computer Interface, Homebound Persons, Event-Related Potentials, P300
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review