Exploring gender difference in sleep quality of young adults: Findings from a large population study
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To explore if gender difference in sleep quality is due to higher prevalence of depression in females, and whether socio-demographic and lifestyle factors have a differential effect on sleep quality in males and females. METHODS: Youth self-reports and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to assess sleep quality and associated risk factors. Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the association between various risk factors and poor sleep quality. RESULTS: Reports from 3,778 young adults (20.6±0.86 years) indicate a higher prevalence of poor sleep quality in females than males (65.1% vs. 49.8%). It seems that gender difference in poor sleep is independent of depression, socio-demographics, and lifestyle factors, since the higher odds of poor sleep quality in females was robust to adjust for depression, socio-demographics, and lifestyle factors (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.23-1.90). Lifestyle factors (eg, smoking) (OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.05-3.46) were associated with sleep quality in only males. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that female vulnerability to poor sleep quality should be explored beyond psycho-social disparities. Perhaps, exploring if the female predisposition to poor sleep quality originates at the biological level could lead to the answer.
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There are no gender differences in sleep duration for college students.
“This is consistent with previous research suggesting no gender differences in sleep duration for college students [33].”
From Relationships Between Physical Activity, Sleep, Psychological Well-Being, and Academic Performance Among Native American College Students (2026) · cites this paper as [33]
The Results report that female participants had longer sleep duration than males, contrary to the claimed absence of a gender difference. The study sampled young adults, not specifically college students; the Results say only a subset attended TAFE/college or university. No page number is available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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- Authors
- Fatima, Y., Doi, S. A. R., Najman, J. M., & Mamun, A. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Australian National University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Mamun, Abdullah Al
- Venue
- Clinical Medicine & Research
- Publisher
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 138-144
- ISSN
- 1539-4182 (ISSN-L)
- 1554-6179
- PMC
- PMC5302457
- OpenAlex
- W2586715040
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 11.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Medicine & Research (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ResearchOnline - JCU (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
- Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Queensland
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council (519756)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Keywords
- sleep quality, gender differences, young adults, depression, smoking, lifestyle factors, sociodemographic factors, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, sex differences in sleep
- MeSH terms
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Social Class, Prevalence, Odds Ratio, Young Adult, Self Report
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