Cited by 249Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAnimal Nutrition and PhysiologyCrop Yield and Soil Fertility

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Influence of ensiling time and inoculation on alteration of the starch-protein matrix in high-moisture corn

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Hoffman, P.C., Esser, N.M., Shaver, R.D., Coblentz, W.K., Scott, M.P., Bodnar, A.L., Schmidt, R.J., Charley, R.C.·2011·Journal of Dairy Science

DOI 10.3168/jds.2010-3562

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Abstract

The fates of hydrophobic zein proteins, which encapsulate corn starch to create vitreous endosperm, have not been investigated in high-moisture corn (HMC). To assess influences of ensiling time and inoculation on zein proteins in HMC, quadruplicate samples of 2 random corn hybrids (A and B), containing 25.7 and 29.3% moisture, were ground, inoculated with (I) or without 600,000 cfu/g of Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 (Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Milwaukee, WI), and ensiled for 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 d. Nutrient composition [crude protein (CP), starch, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber], fermentation (pH, lactate, and acetate), and protein degradation markers (buffer-soluble CP, isopropanol-soluble CP, and NH(3)-N) were evaluated. At 0 and 240 d, α, γ, δ, and β zein subunits were profiled using HPLC. Data were evaluated as a split-split plot using the PROC MIXED procedures of SAS. Ensiling time and inoculation decreased pH, and altered lactate and acetate contents of HMC. Lactate and acetate contents of A, AI, B, and BI at 240 d were 0.40, 0.32, 1.11, 0.73, and 0, 0.35, 0.30, and 0.87% of DM, respectively. Buffer-soluble CP in HMC increased from 1.5 to 2.0% of DM at 0 d to >4.0% of DM at 240 d. Inoculation had no effect on buffer-soluble CP but increased NH(3)-N content of HMC. Corn A contained more isopropanol-soluble CP than did corn B and peak areas for 6 α, and all γ and δ zein regions were greater for corn A. Ensiling (0 vs. 240 d) decreased all zein subunits with the exception of 2 α and 1 δ subunit. Ensiling decreased (42.2-73.2%) γ zeins, which are primarily responsible for cross-linking in the starch-protein matrix. Despite altering lactate and acetate contents, inoculation had no effect on degrading hydrophobic zein proteins in HMC. Data suggest that hydrophobic zein proteins in the starch-protein matrix of HMC are degraded by proteolytic activity over an extended ensiling time.

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Authors: Hoffman, P. C., Esser, N. M., Shaver, R. D., Coblentz, W. K., Scott, M. P., Bodnar, A. L., Schmidt, R. J., & Charley, R. C.
Affiliations: University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center (US)
Agricultural Research Service (US)
Iowa State University (US)
Corresponding author: Hoffman, P.C.
ORCID: Esser, N.M.
Shaver, R.D.
Coblentz, W.K.
Scott, M.P.
Bodnar, A.L.
Venue: Journal of Dairy Science
Publisher: American Dairy Science Association
Published: 2011-05
Volume: 94
Issue: 5
Pages: 2465-2474
ISSN: 0022-0302 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3562
OpenAlex: W1979239946
Cited by: 249
References: 30
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 20.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 2811 d)
Locations: Journal of Dairy Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (submittedVersion)
Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
Keywords: high-moisture corn, ensiling time, zein, vitreous endosperm, protein degradation, ammonia nitrogen, fermentation products, lactate, acetate, maize hybrids, silage
MeSH terms: Animals, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Cattle, Zea mays, Dietary Proteins, Digestion, Lactobacillus, Rumen, Silage, Starch, Time Factors, Zein

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Influence of ensiling time and inoculation on alteration of the starch-protein matrix in high-moisture corn

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